Evolution of tree killing in bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae
... in living trees). For our discussion, we have modified these life history categories to more precisely describe the effects on hosts and position in the successional sequence. We designate them as late succession saprophages, early succession saprophages, facultative predators, and parasites, respec ...
... in living trees). For our discussion, we have modified these life history categories to more precisely describe the effects on hosts and position in the successional sequence. We designate them as late succession saprophages, early succession saprophages, facultative predators, and parasites, respec ...
Grasshoppers in the Lawn and Garden - KSRE Bookstore
... nearly 75 days. However, each individual requires only 40 days to complete five nymphal instars. In contrast, differential grasshoppers require only 32 days to pass through six nymphal instars. Given the shorter and later ovipositional period the previous year, differential nymphs appear to be presen ...
... nearly 75 days. However, each individual requires only 40 days to complete five nymphal instars. In contrast, differential grasshoppers require only 32 days to pass through six nymphal instars. Given the shorter and later ovipositional period the previous year, differential nymphs appear to be presen ...
Hatton etal. 2015. Science
... of this more general phenomenon. The pattern describes relative changes in the shape of the “Eltonian” pyramid of biomass, which represents how total biomass is distributed across communities at different trophic levels in the food chain (43–45). In any given environment, the pyramid often exhibits ...
... of this more general phenomenon. The pattern describes relative changes in the shape of the “Eltonian” pyramid of biomass, which represents how total biomass is distributed across communities at different trophic levels in the food chain (43–45). In any given environment, the pyramid often exhibits ...
Effects of Food Type, Habitat, and Fish Predation on the Relative
... ischnus in dreissenid and macrophyte areas in Hatchery Bay, Lake Erie before (1997) and after round goby (2001, 2002) invaded the area. Total amphipod abundance was higher before round goby invasion in both habitats. In mussel beds, E. ischnus abundance was similar or significantly higher than G. fas ...
... ischnus in dreissenid and macrophyte areas in Hatchery Bay, Lake Erie before (1997) and after round goby (2001, 2002) invaded the area. Total amphipod abundance was higher before round goby invasion in both habitats. In mussel beds, E. ischnus abundance was similar or significantly higher than G. fas ...
Planktivorous fishes as selective agents for reproductive synchrony
... is violated in prey choice experiments, because the consumption of each species depends on the changing ratios of prey available. If so, routine statistical analysis is inappropriate because suitable parametric and nonparametric tests both assume statistical independence. However, prey choices of si ...
... is violated in prey choice experiments, because the consumption of each species depends on the changing ratios of prey available. If so, routine statistical analysis is inappropriate because suitable parametric and nonparametric tests both assume statistical independence. However, prey choices of si ...
Differential Behavioral Responses to Water
... All data pooled. Boldfaced numbers represent signiÞcant (P ⬍ 0.05) correlationÕs. ...
... All data pooled. Boldfaced numbers represent signiÞcant (P ⬍ 0.05) correlationÕs. ...
Marine Ecological Restoration - sfile.f
... drawbacks and major gaps) Directions and concepts for implementation of ‘science-based ecological restoration’ as an effective management tool Are there socio-economic incentives that can promote restoration projects? What should be the spatial and temporal extent of restoration? Placement a ...
... drawbacks and major gaps) Directions and concepts for implementation of ‘science-based ecological restoration’ as an effective management tool Are there socio-economic incentives that can promote restoration projects? What should be the spatial and temporal extent of restoration? Placement a ...
Stoichiometry of nutrient excretion by fish: interspecific variation in a
... variation in nutrient cycling is related to body and food nutrient contents (according to predictions of ecological stoichiometry). As predicted by allometry, per capita nitrogen and phosphorus excretion rates increased and mass-specific excretion rates decreased, with increasing mass. Body phosphor ...
... variation in nutrient cycling is related to body and food nutrient contents (according to predictions of ecological stoichiometry). As predicted by allometry, per capita nitrogen and phosphorus excretion rates increased and mass-specific excretion rates decreased, with increasing mass. Body phosphor ...
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... management approach of the area to game ranching. The reintroduction of indigenous animals to Cinergy Game Farm is central in establishing a game farm operation. These re-introductions, ...
... management approach of the area to game ranching. The reintroduction of indigenous animals to Cinergy Game Farm is central in establishing a game farm operation. These re-introductions, ...
Scavenging by vertebrates: behavioral, ecological, and evolutionary
... (Litvaitis 2000). As for carrion, there are few data pertaining to the specific locations or microhabitats where those animals not killed by predators die. It seems plausible that many larger animals come to rest in accessible locations and become directly available to scavengers. Conversely, smalle ...
... (Litvaitis 2000). As for carrion, there are few data pertaining to the specific locations or microhabitats where those animals not killed by predators die. It seems plausible that many larger animals come to rest in accessible locations and become directly available to scavengers. Conversely, smalle ...
pdf document, 1.67 mb - Society for Tropical Ecology
... The overarching theme of our conference is “Tropical organisms and ecosystems in a changing world”. This title emphasizes two challenges our planet is facing. As widely summarized under the heading “Global Change”, life conditions on Earth are being altered at an unprecedented rate, for example with ...
... The overarching theme of our conference is “Tropical organisms and ecosystems in a changing world”. This title emphasizes two challenges our planet is facing. As widely summarized under the heading “Global Change”, life conditions on Earth are being altered at an unprecedented rate, for example with ...
Does dispersal influence intraspecific competition in a stream
... intra- versus interspecific interactions. Prior research has shown that spring salamanders, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, self-organize within streams by a common trait (body condition) and that dispersal and gene flow along streams vary with slope. Building on this prior work, we tested how dispersal ...
... intra- versus interspecific interactions. Prior research has shown that spring salamanders, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, self-organize within streams by a common trait (body condition) and that dispersal and gene flow along streams vary with slope. Building on this prior work, we tested how dispersal ...
Color Polymorphism and Genetic Structure in the Sea Star Pisaster
... biochemistry in asteroids was not explicitly linked with quantitative descriptions of individual color, diet, or geographic variation. Because individuals of Pisaster do not express the color polymorphism as juveniles, and because rearing larvae to adulthood may take 4 – 6 years (Menge, 1975; Strath ...
... biochemistry in asteroids was not explicitly linked with quantitative descriptions of individual color, diet, or geographic variation. Because individuals of Pisaster do not express the color polymorphism as juveniles, and because rearing larvae to adulthood may take 4 – 6 years (Menge, 1975; Strath ...
Salt marsh harvest mouse abundance and site use in a managed
... the amount of change varies depending on whether the marsh is diked off from the Bay or fully tidal (Omer, 1994). Thus, water management is a critical factor in creating beneficial pickleweed micro-habitat environment for the SMHM. In highly altered diked marshes, Zetterquist (1977) found SMHM in ma ...
... the amount of change varies depending on whether the marsh is diked off from the Bay or fully tidal (Omer, 1994). Thus, water management is a critical factor in creating beneficial pickleweed micro-habitat environment for the SMHM. In highly altered diked marshes, Zetterquist (1977) found SMHM in ma ...
Traits fonctionnels des arbres : de la plasticité - Archipel
... Schematic of t he experimental design (replicated four times) . Communit ies are implemented along a gradient of species richness (SR) and functional diversity (FD ). Smaller superposed squares indicate t he replication of different communit ies with similar FD resulting in a total of 14 two-sp ecie ...
... Schematic of t he experimental design (replicated four times) . Communit ies are implemented along a gradient of species richness (SR) and functional diversity (FD ). Smaller superposed squares indicate t he replication of different communit ies with similar FD resulting in a total of 14 two-sp ecie ...
Course Title: Northwest Plants
... [Includes links to archived materials by several presenters; The significance and role of traditional knowledges is being explored among indigenous groups, and within many regional and national climate change initiatives. This webinar will explore the ways in which indigenous traditional knowledges ...
... [Includes links to archived materials by several presenters; The significance and role of traditional knowledges is being explored among indigenous groups, and within many regional and national climate change initiatives. This webinar will explore the ways in which indigenous traditional knowledges ...
1-w
... workshop, it is also important to say at this time that the Board's standard-setting should be placed in the context of the broader management needs for the estuary. ...
... workshop, it is also important to say at this time that the Board's standard-setting should be placed in the context of the broader management needs for the estuary. ...
Salinized rivers: degraded systems or new habitats for salt
... some insect orders are tolerant of highly saline waters, there are far fewer insect species in saline environments compared with freshwater environments. A lack of evolutionary exposure to saline conditions may mean that most, but not all, insects are poorly equipped to cope with salinization. Organ ...
... some insect orders are tolerant of highly saline waters, there are far fewer insect species in saline environments compared with freshwater environments. A lack of evolutionary exposure to saline conditions may mean that most, but not all, insects are poorly equipped to cope with salinization. Organ ...
Proceedings - World Lagomorph Society
... sessions on “Lagomorphs and Climate Change,” “Ecology, Behavior, Management, and Conservation,” “Evolution,” “Morphology and Physiology,” and “Diseases.” We are hosting two formal workshops, “Lagomorph Systematics and LaGomiCs” and “Population Trends and Management of Lagomorphs in Western North Ame ...
... sessions on “Lagomorphs and Climate Change,” “Ecology, Behavior, Management, and Conservation,” “Evolution,” “Morphology and Physiology,” and “Diseases.” We are hosting two formal workshops, “Lagomorph Systematics and LaGomiCs” and “Population Trends and Management of Lagomorphs in Western North Ame ...
COEVOLUTION DRIVES TEMPORAL CHANGES IN FITNESS AND
... Productivity (the rate of energy flow in an ecological system) has been shown to be a fundamental driver of diversity, and a number of models predict a unimodal relationship between diversity and productivity (Tilman 1982; Abrams 1995; Rosenzweig 1995; Bohannan and Lenski 2000). This pattern has bee ...
... Productivity (the rate of energy flow in an ecological system) has been shown to be a fundamental driver of diversity, and a number of models predict a unimodal relationship between diversity and productivity (Tilman 1982; Abrams 1995; Rosenzweig 1995; Bohannan and Lenski 2000). This pattern has bee ...
ECOLOGICAL MODELING OF AMERICAN LOBSTER (Homarus
... community structure of the GOM American lobster ecosystem for the mid-1 980s and mid-1990s. I also simulated ecosystem dynamics in the GOM from 1985 to 1997 using Ecosim, evaluated the interactions of population dynamics of Atlantic cod and American lobster, and predicted the possible response of t ...
... community structure of the GOM American lobster ecosystem for the mid-1 980s and mid-1990s. I also simulated ecosystem dynamics in the GOM from 1985 to 1997 using Ecosim, evaluated the interactions of population dynamics of Atlantic cod and American lobster, and predicted the possible response of t ...
Predator detection and evasion by flying insects
... Insect auditory systems are based on the standard pressure-detector design with a vibrating membrane (tympanum) backed by an internal airspace for increased sensitivity, and a transducing mechanism with as few as one or as many as several thousand receptors (chordotonal sensilla) depending on the sp ...
... Insect auditory systems are based on the standard pressure-detector design with a vibrating membrane (tympanum) backed by an internal airspace for increased sensitivity, and a transducing mechanism with as few as one or as many as several thousand receptors (chordotonal sensilla) depending on the sp ...
Shark Biology and Conservation
... is the equivalent of 2400 mg/dl Nearly 10x the level that causes fatal uremic poisoning in humans. ...
... is the equivalent of 2400 mg/dl Nearly 10x the level that causes fatal uremic poisoning in humans. ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.