Long-term changes in zooplanktivorous fish community composition
... gill-net sets of less than 24 h duration was adjusted in proportion to the number of hours set during dark and light periods. No diel correction was applied to white bass or cisco catches because these species do not exhibit the prominent diel activity pattern of yellow perch (Becker 1983; Johnson 1 ...
... gill-net sets of less than 24 h duration was adjusted in proportion to the number of hours set during dark and light periods. No diel correction was applied to white bass or cisco catches because these species do not exhibit the prominent diel activity pattern of yellow perch (Becker 1983; Johnson 1 ...
Predator detection and evasion by flying insects
... Insect auditory systems are based on the standard pressure-detector design with a vibrating membrane (tympanum) backed by an internal airspace for increased sensitivity, and a transducing mechanism with as few as one or as many as several thousand receptors (chordotonal sensilla) depending on the sp ...
... Insect auditory systems are based on the standard pressure-detector design with a vibrating membrane (tympanum) backed by an internal airspace for increased sensitivity, and a transducing mechanism with as few as one or as many as several thousand receptors (chordotonal sensilla) depending on the sp ...
The Biology of Lakes and Ponds
... millions of years old, whereas at the other extreme ephemeral waterbodies are water-filled only during part of the year or perhaps even only during especially wet years. We also find standing waterbodies in all climatic zones, from Arctic regions where lakes are ice-covered during most of the year, to ...
... millions of years old, whereas at the other extreme ephemeral waterbodies are water-filled only during part of the year or perhaps even only during especially wet years. We also find standing waterbodies in all climatic zones, from Arctic regions where lakes are ice-covered during most of the year, to ...
Evidence for a trophic cascade on rocky reefs following sea
... Clarke, 1993) using PRIMER (v. 1.0.3; Clarke & Gorley, 2006). Abundance matrices (species by site) were compiled for each period (i.e., pre- and post-mortality), in which abundance was estimated as the total count of each taxon across transects and/or quadrats at each site. The raw data were square- ...
... Clarke, 1993) using PRIMER (v. 1.0.3; Clarke & Gorley, 2006). Abundance matrices (species by site) were compiled for each period (i.e., pre- and post-mortality), in which abundance was estimated as the total count of each taxon across transects and/or quadrats at each site. The raw data were square- ...
Extent and ecological consequences of hunting
... changes in forests, changes in species diversity and richness, seed dispersal, pollination and soil nutrient cycling. Table 2 collates existing empirical evidence for ecological change as a result of hunting, in all tropical forests and African rainforests. Central African forests still harbour larg ...
... changes in forests, changes in species diversity and richness, seed dispersal, pollination and soil nutrient cycling. Table 2 collates existing empirical evidence for ecological change as a result of hunting, in all tropical forests and African rainforests. Central African forests still harbour larg ...
Influence of Mammalian Herbivory on Woody Plants Dynamics and
... influence species responses to different environmental conditions Functional diversity - Is the value and range of functional traits of the organisms present in a given ecosystem that influence the ecosystem functioning or simply the range and distribution of traits values in a community. Morpho-Fun ...
... influence species responses to different environmental conditions Functional diversity - Is the value and range of functional traits of the organisms present in a given ecosystem that influence the ecosystem functioning or simply the range and distribution of traits values in a community. Morpho-Fun ...
Habitat Selection and Population Regulation in
... to infer the underlying processes? Our results will be contrasted with what is predicted by isodar analysis (Morris 1988), an established empirical approach to the analysis of habitat use patterns. We would like to emphasize the distinction between isodars as theory and isodar analysis as a techniqu ...
... to infer the underlying processes? Our results will be contrasted with what is predicted by isodar analysis (Morris 1988), an established empirical approach to the analysis of habitat use patterns. We would like to emphasize the distinction between isodars as theory and isodar analysis as a techniqu ...
Who Resembles Whom? Mimetic and Coincidental Look
... gains enhanced access to prey; Batesian mimicry: an prey species gains protection from predators by mimicking a protected (dangerous or beneficial) species; Mullerian mimicry: multiple dangerous species evolve a common appearance that reduces predation risks to all; and Social (or Schooling) mimicry ...
... gains enhanced access to prey; Batesian mimicry: an prey species gains protection from predators by mimicking a protected (dangerous or beneficial) species; Mullerian mimicry: multiple dangerous species evolve a common appearance that reduces predation risks to all; and Social (or Schooling) mimicry ...
EOC notecard review - week of 03.28.16.notebook
... 1) __________ is the starting point for all evolutionary processes. a. mutation c. gene flow b. gene flow d. adaptation ...
... 1) __________ is the starting point for all evolutionary processes. a. mutation c. gene flow b. gene flow d. adaptation ...
Cercopagis pengoi - New Important Food Object of the
... from a water body. This selectivity may reach 100%. For example, in the stomach of herring #103 (L = 12.5 cm; W = 18.973 g; male; second stage of gonad maturity) we found 448 specimens of Cercopagis and 738 eggs. This means that the fish only selected gamogenetic females and consumed all of them fro ...
... from a water body. This selectivity may reach 100%. For example, in the stomach of herring #103 (L = 12.5 cm; W = 18.973 g; male; second stage of gonad maturity) we found 448 specimens of Cercopagis and 738 eggs. This means that the fish only selected gamogenetic females and consumed all of them fro ...
Functional connectivity from a reef fish perspective: behavioral
... open habitat represents a partial barrier (Bélisle and Desrochers 2002, Bakker and Van Vuren 2004, Bosschieter and Goedhart 2005, Awade and Metzger 2008), while structured habitats act as corridors that facilitate movement (Baum et al. 2004, Gillies and St. Clair 2008). Social habitat features, suc ...
... open habitat represents a partial barrier (Bélisle and Desrochers 2002, Bakker and Van Vuren 2004, Bosschieter and Goedhart 2005, Awade and Metzger 2008), while structured habitats act as corridors that facilitate movement (Baum et al. 2004, Gillies and St. Clair 2008). Social habitat features, suc ...
Southwestern Naturalist 60:106–110.
... monitor use by kit foxes and other species and on three occasions interactions between San Joaquin kit foxes and American badgers were recorded. On 29 April 2012 an aggressive interaction between a kit fox and a badger was recorded with an infrared camera. At 2011h, a camera station captured a serie ...
... monitor use by kit foxes and other species and on three occasions interactions between San Joaquin kit foxes and American badgers were recorded. On 29 April 2012 an aggressive interaction between a kit fox and a badger was recorded with an infrared camera. At 2011h, a camera station captured a serie ...
2008 ICTWS Meeting Program - Idaho Chapter of the Wildlife Society
... Dale Goble is the Margaret Wilson Schimke Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Idaho. He earned an A.B. in philosophy from Columbia College and a J.D. from the University of Oregon. Following law school, he taught at Oregon for a year before joining the Solicitor's Office at the Depar ...
... Dale Goble is the Margaret Wilson Schimke Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Idaho. He earned an A.B. in philosophy from Columbia College and a J.D. from the University of Oregon. Following law school, he taught at Oregon for a year before joining the Solicitor's Office at the Depar ...
Interactions between phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish in the
... functioning of the ecosystem. It is well known that the density, species composition and size distribution of phytoplankton are controlled not only by nutrient conditions, but also by the zooplankton (Sarnelle, 1993; Kivi et al., 1993). The impact of physicochemical parameters and phytozooplankton i ...
... functioning of the ecosystem. It is well known that the density, species composition and size distribution of phytoplankton are controlled not only by nutrient conditions, but also by the zooplankton (Sarnelle, 1993; Kivi et al., 1993). The impact of physicochemical parameters and phytozooplankton i ...
Extent and ecological consequences of hunting in
... infrastructure and road location [21], yet empirical data from village hunting studies and ecological surveys in the region show that much of this remote forest is already accessed by hunters (table 1). Humans, as central place foragers, gather food resources in a halo around the village [40,41], an ...
... infrastructure and road location [21], yet empirical data from village hunting studies and ecological surveys in the region show that much of this remote forest is already accessed by hunters (table 1). Humans, as central place foragers, gather food resources in a halo around the village [40,41], an ...
Recovery Strategy for Puget Oregonian Snail (Cryptomastix devia
... fulfilling its commitments under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk in Canada, and the Canada – British Columbia Agreement on Species at Risk. This document identifies the recovery strategies that are deemed necessary, based on the best available scientific and traditional information, ...
... fulfilling its commitments under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk in Canada, and the Canada – British Columbia Agreement on Species at Risk. This document identifies the recovery strategies that are deemed necessary, based on the best available scientific and traditional information, ...
Litter feedbacks, evolutionary change and exotic plant invasion Maarten B. Eppinga
... assumed to be constant. To model the rate of change in light availability (Table 1), all processes affecting light dynamics are governed by the rate parameter cRate. We note, however, that this rate parameter has no influence on the equilibrium light level of the system (Table 1). Light interception ...
... assumed to be constant. To model the rate of change in light availability (Table 1), all processes affecting light dynamics are governed by the rate parameter cRate. We note, however, that this rate parameter has no influence on the equilibrium light level of the system (Table 1). Light interception ...
The evolution of growth trajectories: what limits growth
... maximum that is physiologically possible and intrinsic growth rates often vary among populations. This implies that slower growth is favoured under certain conditions. Realized growth rate is thus the result of a compromise between the costs and advantages of growing rapidly, and the optimal rate of ...
... maximum that is physiologically possible and intrinsic growth rates often vary among populations. This implies that slower growth is favoured under certain conditions. Realized growth rate is thus the result of a compromise between the costs and advantages of growing rapidly, and the optimal rate of ...
MF2222 Biological control of Insect Pests on Field Crops in Kansas
... weevil, greenbug, Hessian fly and Russian wheat aphid. The importation of new natural enemies to control imported pests often is referred to as “classical” biological control. Some dramatic successes in biological control have resulted from importing effective natural enemies that are well-adapted t ...
... weevil, greenbug, Hessian fly and Russian wheat aphid. The importation of new natural enemies to control imported pests often is referred to as “classical” biological control. Some dramatic successes in biological control have resulted from importing effective natural enemies that are well-adapted t ...
Development and distribution of predators and parasitoids during
... and lower parts of the stems, the parasitic Pteromalidae were clearly more abundant in the stem tops than in the bases. This applied particularly to R. xylophagorum that was over four times more abundant in the upper tree parts. As far as the predatory flies, i.e. Dolichopodidae and Lonchaeidae, are ...
... and lower parts of the stems, the parasitic Pteromalidae were clearly more abundant in the stem tops than in the bases. This applied particularly to R. xylophagorum that was over four times more abundant in the upper tree parts. As far as the predatory flies, i.e. Dolichopodidae and Lonchaeidae, are ...
Ch. 41 Text
... More productive and more stable in their productivity Able to produce biomass (the total mass of all individuals in a population) more consistently than single species plots Better able to withstand and recover from ...
... More productive and more stable in their productivity Able to produce biomass (the total mass of all individuals in a population) more consistently than single species plots Better able to withstand and recover from ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.