Works Cited
... identity, competition, and herbivory effects. What they found was that herbivory effects and competition effects were so similar to each other that they could be confounded in experiments. Since Grime’s CRS model defined herbivory as a form of disturbance, the fact that competition and disturbance e ...
... identity, competition, and herbivory effects. What they found was that herbivory effects and competition effects were so similar to each other that they could be confounded in experiments. Since Grime’s CRS model defined herbivory as a form of disturbance, the fact that competition and disturbance e ...
Nutrients Bottom-up Controls
... like their herbivores Terrestrial plants have lower P:B ratios than aquatic plants Aquatic herbivores consume about 3X more autotrophic production than terrestrial ...
... like their herbivores Terrestrial plants have lower P:B ratios than aquatic plants Aquatic herbivores consume about 3X more autotrophic production than terrestrial ...
Lect 8_Mechanisms of coexistence
... LV takes the mass-action approach, i.e., organisms are a bunch of molecules that diffuse through space occasionally bumping into one another and when they do, an interaction occurs (whether competition, predation, facilitation). K (carrying capacity) and α’s (interaction coefficients) are not explic ...
... LV takes the mass-action approach, i.e., organisms are a bunch of molecules that diffuse through space occasionally bumping into one another and when they do, an interaction occurs (whether competition, predation, facilitation). K (carrying capacity) and α’s (interaction coefficients) are not explic ...
Time Number of species
... • Species with low dispersal rates may be more likely to speciate (lower gene flow) but may be more likely to go extinct following local environmental changes. ...
... • Species with low dispersal rates may be more likely to speciate (lower gene flow) but may be more likely to go extinct following local environmental changes. ...
-1- THE BALANCE OF NATURE
... turn eats another. Over years, a balance is worked out among the plants and animals in a community and it remains basically stable. It is like a huge puzzle with all the bits in their proper places. However, at times this balance is disturbed, resulting in a number of unforeseen effects. Perhaps a d ...
... turn eats another. Over years, a balance is worked out among the plants and animals in a community and it remains basically stable. It is like a huge puzzle with all the bits in their proper places. However, at times this balance is disturbed, resulting in a number of unforeseen effects. Perhaps a d ...
ecology - cloudfront.net
... * population density - # of ind per unit area Population Growth – affected by: 1) # of births 2) # of deaths 3) immigration vs. emigration immigration: movement of ind into an area emigration: “ ” out of an area Exponential Growth – occurs when ind in pop reproduce at a constant rate J-shaped ...
... * population density - # of ind per unit area Population Growth – affected by: 1) # of births 2) # of deaths 3) immigration vs. emigration immigration: movement of ind into an area emigration: “ ” out of an area Exponential Growth – occurs when ind in pop reproduce at a constant rate J-shaped ...
Western Population Olive Perchlet (Ambassis agassizii)
... north of Lake Hiawatha and into Queensland. (eastern population). Its distribution throughout the Murray-Darling system (western population) has significantly declined in recent years and now appears to be limited to a few localities in the Darling drainage upstream from Bourke. It has not been reco ...
... north of Lake Hiawatha and into Queensland. (eastern population). Its distribution throughout the Murray-Darling system (western population) has significantly declined in recent years and now appears to be limited to a few localities in the Darling drainage upstream from Bourke. It has not been reco ...
Planet Earth
... Shallow seas have a greater abundance of sunlight and receive more nutrients from the land. Sunlight and nutrients are the two biggest limiting factors life faces in the ocean. For each of the aquatic ecosystems shown in this episode, plankton and other protists serve as keystone species. The entire ...
... Shallow seas have a greater abundance of sunlight and receive more nutrients from the land. Sunlight and nutrients are the two biggest limiting factors life faces in the ocean. For each of the aquatic ecosystems shown in this episode, plankton and other protists serve as keystone species. The entire ...
Evolution occurs in patterns - rosedale11universitybiology
... history has many long periods with little evolutionary change in species. This equilibrium can be followed by a shorter time with many evolutionary changes as species adapt to a rapidly changing climate, geology or environment. Evidence now shows that both models of evolutionary change are occurring ...
... history has many long periods with little evolutionary change in species. This equilibrium can be followed by a shorter time with many evolutionary changes as species adapt to a rapidly changing climate, geology or environment. Evidence now shows that both models of evolutionary change are occurring ...
Lion King - Cloudfront.net
... • Food chains are models that show relationships between producers and consumers. Producers are always at the bottom of a food web or a food pyramid. Primary consumers are always the second and they can be herbivores or ominvores. Secondary consumers eat the primary consumers and tertiary consumers ...
... • Food chains are models that show relationships between producers and consumers. Producers are always at the bottom of a food web or a food pyramid. Primary consumers are always the second and they can be herbivores or ominvores. Secondary consumers eat the primary consumers and tertiary consumers ...
EndofUnitTestReviewA.. - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... functions; much of it is lost as heat given off as a result of such functions. This lost energy is continually replaced, so that plant growth can continue and consumers can continue to acquire energy. ...
... functions; much of it is lost as heat given off as a result of such functions. This lost energy is continually replaced, so that plant growth can continue and consumers can continue to acquire energy. ...
Ecosystems: what are they and how do they work? pt1
... Only a small portion of what is eaten and digested is converted into an organisms’ bodily material or biomass ...
... Only a small portion of what is eaten and digested is converted into an organisms’ bodily material or biomass ...
Introduction to Ecology Lab practical next week What is ecology? 1
... • Physiology, morphology, and behavior ...
... • Physiology, morphology, and behavior ...
Multiple Choice
... Proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic chemicals contain nitrogen, so nitrogen is a very important atom in biological organisms. Nitrogen makes up 79% of Earth's atmosphere, but most organisms can not use nitrogen gas (N2). N2 enters the trophic system through a process called nitrogen fixation. ...
... Proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic chemicals contain nitrogen, so nitrogen is a very important atom in biological organisms. Nitrogen makes up 79% of Earth's atmosphere, but most organisms can not use nitrogen gas (N2). N2 enters the trophic system through a process called nitrogen fixation. ...
Unit IV: Chapter 22
... e) Speciation: ultimately, each population will acquire so many new traits that they will no longer resemble each other or their original form. Even if reunited, they will no longer be able to successfully interbreed. At such a point, Speciation is said to have occurred. On the Origin of Species ●In ...
... e) Speciation: ultimately, each population will acquire so many new traits that they will no longer resemble each other or their original form. Even if reunited, they will no longer be able to successfully interbreed. At such a point, Speciation is said to have occurred. On the Origin of Species ●In ...
BIOLOGICAL DIVERISTY OVER TIME
... 3. A organism can change its behavior to adapt to the environment, but it cannot change its genes. 4. Genetic changes happen to a species of animal, not to the animal. 5. Genetic changes happen only over time when the genes of the best adapted and surviving organisms are passed from generation to ge ...
... 3. A organism can change its behavior to adapt to the environment, but it cannot change its genes. 4. Genetic changes happen to a species of animal, not to the animal. 5. Genetic changes happen only over time when the genes of the best adapted and surviving organisms are passed from generation to ge ...
Perpetuation of genes defines evolutionary fitness
... Struggle for Existence & Survival of the fittest ◦ Because there are limiting resources (food, shelter, competition, predation, etc…) organisms struggle to survive. ◦ Organisms that are best suited for their environment will have a better chance to survive allowing them to reproduce and pass on thei ...
... Struggle for Existence & Survival of the fittest ◦ Because there are limiting resources (food, shelter, competition, predation, etc…) organisms struggle to survive. ◦ Organisms that are best suited for their environment will have a better chance to survive allowing them to reproduce and pass on thei ...
LIFE IN THE FOOD WEB - Grouper Education Program
... STEP 2. Species Introduction. Go around the room and have each student introduce their particular species to the group, explaining: what species they are, what they eat, and who eat them. STEP 3. Food Chains. Next, have students walk around the room (I usually do this activity in a contained area, l ...
... STEP 2. Species Introduction. Go around the room and have each student introduce their particular species to the group, explaining: what species they are, what they eat, and who eat them. STEP 3. Food Chains. Next, have students walk around the room (I usually do this activity in a contained area, l ...
ecosystem
... Limiting Factors: Any factor whose shortage or absence restricts species success. Habitat: Space an organism inhabits - defined by biological requirements of each particular organism. Niche: Includes all ways an organism affects organisms with which it interacts as well as how it modifies its physic ...
... Limiting Factors: Any factor whose shortage or absence restricts species success. Habitat: Space an organism inhabits - defined by biological requirements of each particular organism. Niche: Includes all ways an organism affects organisms with which it interacts as well as how it modifies its physic ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.