18th_Lecture
... Recall the Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Equation dN/dt = rN [(K – N)/K] = rN {1– (N/K)} dN/dt = rN – rN (N/K) = rN – {(rN2)/K} dN/dt = 0 when [(K – N)/K] = 0 [(K – N)/K] = 0 when N = K dN/dt = rN – (r/K)N2 ...
... Recall the Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Equation dN/dt = rN [(K – N)/K] = rN {1– (N/K)} dN/dt = rN – rN (N/K) = rN – {(rN2)/K} dN/dt = 0 when [(K – N)/K] = 0 [(K – N)/K] = 0 when N = K dN/dt = rN – (r/K)N2 ...
Section 3-1 and Section 3-2 Book Work Review – Finding the Good
... same species and live in the same area… ...
... same species and live in the same area… ...
Powerpoint
... • If we were to define communities based on some level of positive interactions, perhaps we would just end up with plant communities in some places, and “competitive assemblages” in others? • To simply call any assemblage of plants in an area a community, and to recognize that they interact with eac ...
... • If we were to define communities based on some level of positive interactions, perhaps we would just end up with plant communities in some places, and “competitive assemblages” in others? • To simply call any assemblage of plants in an area a community, and to recognize that they interact with eac ...
bfchapter03_section01_edit
... An ecosystem is all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. A biome is a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities. The highest level of organization that ecologists study is the entire biosphere it ...
... An ecosystem is all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. A biome is a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities. The highest level of organization that ecologists study is the entire biosphere it ...
Fish & Fish Productivity - Penn State York Home Page
... • Recruitment: Numbers entering a new class; can be defined for each class. ...
... • Recruitment: Numbers entering a new class; can be defined for each class. ...
19_Short-comm_ CM_at_al_p
... Publications on climate change-triggered vegetation shifts in the temperate belt are abundant. Studies and analyses deal however mostly with the shift of the thermal (“upper” or “front”) limits of distribution. Migration at the front or forward colonisation is the most visible and illustrative respo ...
... Publications on climate change-triggered vegetation shifts in the temperate belt are abundant. Studies and analyses deal however mostly with the shift of the thermal (“upper” or “front”) limits of distribution. Migration at the front or forward colonisation is the most visible and illustrative respo ...
Chapter 1 - Alice Pevyhouse
... Helio-centric models know who developed them understand how it was used to explain celestial observations. understand why Copernicus was not happy with the Geo-centric model Geo-centric model know who developed them understand how it was used to explain celestial observations Know and understand Kep ...
... Helio-centric models know who developed them understand how it was used to explain celestial observations. understand why Copernicus was not happy with the Geo-centric model Geo-centric model know who developed them understand how it was used to explain celestial observations Know and understand Kep ...
Speaker information and abstracts
... under global warming, not all species of wildlife respond equally to these threats. In my laboratory, we determine why species of amphibians differ in their response to global threats such as emerging infectious disease or global climate change, how those changes affect other parts of the ecosystem, ...
... under global warming, not all species of wildlife respond equally to these threats. In my laboratory, we determine why species of amphibians differ in their response to global threats such as emerging infectious disease or global climate change, how those changes affect other parts of the ecosystem, ...
Ground Rules, exams, etc. (no “make up” exams) Text: read
... “The recognition that animals can hold their rate of reproduction below the maximum that is possible for them throws fresh light upon that most hideous blot on the fair face of nature, predation, the killing and devouring of one creature by another. It is well known that if predators are suddenly r ...
... “The recognition that animals can hold their rate of reproduction below the maximum that is possible for them throws fresh light upon that most hideous blot on the fair face of nature, predation, the killing and devouring of one creature by another. It is well known that if predators are suddenly r ...
SCIENCE FOCUS 9 UNIT 1
... 8. Why were cowbirds and coyotes able to survive in the new habitats while songbirds and wolves couldn’t? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________(60) 9. What is a problem associated with using pesticid ...
... 8. Why were cowbirds and coyotes able to survive in the new habitats while songbirds and wolves couldn’t? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________(60) 9. What is a problem associated with using pesticid ...
SCIENCE FOCUS 9 UNIT 1
... 8. Why were cowbirds and coyotes able to survive in the new habitats while songbirds and wolves couldn’t? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________(60) 9. What is a problem associated with using pesticid ...
... 8. Why were cowbirds and coyotes able to survive in the new habitats while songbirds and wolves couldn’t? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________(60) 9. What is a problem associated with using pesticid ...
Creating a global ecological currency
... thinking through the upsides and downsides. Australia, for and bolster their ecological reserves. Why does it matter whether a country is an ecological example, is losing biocapacity very fast, not only because creditor or debtor? The reason has to do with the fact that, of development, but also bec ...
... thinking through the upsides and downsides. Australia, for and bolster their ecological reserves. Why does it matter whether a country is an ecological example, is losing biocapacity very fast, not only because creditor or debtor? The reason has to do with the fact that, of development, but also bec ...
Population Ecology
... remains constant and greater than zero • Though r is constant, the population grows faster and faster, with a characteristic doubling time • The plot of population size against time results in a characteristic J-shaped curve ...
... remains constant and greater than zero • Though r is constant, the population grows faster and faster, with a characteristic doubling time • The plot of population size against time results in a characteristic J-shaped curve ...
Chapter 21-Community Ecology
... (a) The 3 species of birds can coexist because they forage in different areas of the tree. This is called resource partitioning. (b) If all species had only one source of food, they would compete for that limited resource. Eventually, one species would drive the others out (competitive exclusion). ( ...
... (a) The 3 species of birds can coexist because they forage in different areas of the tree. This is called resource partitioning. (b) If all species had only one source of food, they would compete for that limited resource. Eventually, one species would drive the others out (competitive exclusion). ( ...
Network Role Analysis in the Study of Food Webs
... Network analysis has been used to develop ecosystem theory, notably in the area of ecosystem maturity. The theory of ecosystem “ascendancy” has been articulated by Ulanowicz (1997), which states that as an ecosystem network develops through time in a stable environment, it becomes more hierarchical ...
... Network analysis has been used to develop ecosystem theory, notably in the area of ecosystem maturity. The theory of ecosystem “ascendancy” has been articulated by Ulanowicz (1997), which states that as an ecosystem network develops through time in a stable environment, it becomes more hierarchical ...
Adapting to the Environment
... traits do not necessarily convey greater fitness. Instead, artificially selected traits are based on what the person breeding the plants and animals desires. These traits, which can range from longer cobs in corn plants to a particular coat color in dogs, are selected for by allowing only individual ...
... traits do not necessarily convey greater fitness. Instead, artificially selected traits are based on what the person breeding the plants and animals desires. These traits, which can range from longer cobs in corn plants to a particular coat color in dogs, are selected for by allowing only individual ...
Communities and Populations
... • Immigration = movement of individuals into area (growth) • Emigration = movement of individuals out of population (decline) ...
... • Immigration = movement of individuals into area (growth) • Emigration = movement of individuals out of population (decline) ...
f215 variation and population genetics student version
... • It usually happens in smaller populations, with few selection pressures. Particularly in island populations. • If one or two individuals have a better success at breeding then their alleles will become more popular within the population. • While other alleles may be lost if some individuals do not ...
... • It usually happens in smaller populations, with few selection pressures. Particularly in island populations. • If one or two individuals have a better success at breeding then their alleles will become more popular within the population. • While other alleles may be lost if some individuals do not ...
投影片 1
... 1. Where adult mortality exceeds juvenile mortality, the species should reproduce only once in a lifetime, where juvenile mortality is higher, the organism should reproduce several times. 2. Brood size should maximize the number of young surviving to maturity averaged over the lifetime of the parent ...
... 1. Where adult mortality exceeds juvenile mortality, the species should reproduce only once in a lifetime, where juvenile mortality is higher, the organism should reproduce several times. 2. Brood size should maximize the number of young surviving to maturity averaged over the lifetime of the parent ...
Interactions and Ecosystems Notes
... Biotic: Living factors of the environment (animals, plants, insects, rotten wood) ...
... Biotic: Living factors of the environment (animals, plants, insects, rotten wood) ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.