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Community Ecology
Community Ecology

... area: the scrub community on campus Species  a group of individuals who can interbreed to produce fertile, viable offspring: FL panthers Niche  The role of an organism in its environment (multidimensional): nocturnal predator of small mammals in the forest Habitat  Where an organism typically liv ...
Lecture # 9
Lecture # 9

... As they explore adaptation, they draw on their experience to provide examples of: 1. Biological adaptations that enhance survival and reproductive success in a particular environment 2. Adaptations, such as changes in structures behaviors 3. Physiology ...
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5

... 15. Explain how individuals and populations can interact through competition, predation, symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism 16. Explain the factors that determine how a population grows: immigration, emigration, birthrate, deathrate, resources, carrying capacity 17. Define the two ty ...
Lecture.6 - Cal State LA
Lecture.6 - Cal State LA

... • Physical environment imposes limits on the distribution of populations • the range of environments in which a particular species can exist is limited • at some point, the energy expended by an organism for survival in an extreme environment exceeds the maximum energy intake that is possible for th ...
3.2 Communities
3.2 Communities

... Another example of a keystone species is the prairie dog, shown in Figure 3.8. Prairie dogs build burrows in huge colonies, known as “dog towns.” As European settlement spread across the western grasslands of North America, prairie dogs were once thought of as pests, especially because they consumed ...
Importance of Conservation
Importance of Conservation

... University conducted experiments on populations of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker to identify factors responsible for the decline in woodpecker populations. This research discovered that the redcockaded woodpecker has specific habitat requirements and a social structure that strongly impacts ...
Habitat (which is Latin for "it inhabits") is the place where a particular
Habitat (which is Latin for "it inhabits") is the place where a particular

... area. Further, this habitat could be somewhat different from the habitat of another group or population of black bears living elsewhere. Thus, it is neither the species, nor the individual, for which the term habitat is typically used. A microhabitat or microenvironment is the immediate surroundings ...
Chapter 3 Ecosystems What Are They and How Do They Work
Chapter 3 Ecosystems What Are They and How Do They Work

... a. Nutrients for producers b. Cleans water c. Decomposes and recycles waste d. Water recycling and storage 4. Human activities have accelerated soil erosion. B. Layers in Mature Soils (Fig. 3.23) 1. Mature soils are arranged in to layers called horizons. 2. Soil profile – cross-sectional view of hor ...
Warblers Coexist in Simple Habitat
Warblers Coexist in Simple Habitat

... coexistence, essentially by arguing that each species’ niche was sufficiently different. ...
Comparing Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Scientific Census
Comparing Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Scientific Census

... their mobility, agility, and arboreal lifestyle. They are one of the species most affected by human activities within tropical rainforests mainly due to habitat degradation and hunting pressure. Indigenous people possess valuable knowledge obtained through experience with the environment and passed ...
1 Everything Is Connected
1 Everything Is Connected

... the web of life. In this web, energy and resources pass between organisms and their surroundings. The study of how different organisms interact with one another and their environment is ecology. An alligator may hunt along the edge of a river. It may catch a fish, such as a gar, that swims by too cl ...
Place Project Instructions - Liberty Union High School District
Place Project Instructions - Liberty Union High School District

... □ You can create your map with any program you choose or by hand. (CH 6) Which species in your food web are (20 points – can be in list form) 1. r-selected a 2. k-selected? 3. Find an example of a mutualism or a commensalism on your food web. Describe the relationships 4. Describe an example of a pa ...
B 262, F 2007
B 262, F 2007

... FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.⎯For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. 1. A single bacterium infects a small cut on Edna’s arm. One week later Edna’s wound is very suddenly red, painful and clearly infected. Her physician ide ...
Ch05_Interactions_Environments
Ch05_Interactions_Environments

... time, we see changes in the characteristics of a species & kinds of species present.  Some changes take milin of years, others few years. We have to remember as env change species change, some species can adapt some not.  Evolution - A change in the kinds of organisms that exist and in their chara ...
Job Description for Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD) September
Job Description for Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD) September

... the project within which this internship is offered tests the hypothesis that climatic variation creates ecosystem isotopic baselines that propagate up the food chain. The results of the project are expected to improve the field of stable isotope ecology by showing how to correct isotopic data for e ...
Cats protecting birds] modelling the mesopredator release effect
Cats protecting birds] modelling the mesopredator release effect

... taking into account only two species\ and only then is the third species added and its implied complications analysed[ The construction and analysis of the models are based on previous work "Courchamp + Sugihara 0888#\ to which the reader can refer for additional details[ The _rst two systems consis ...
Competition
Competition

... • There are analogies between ecological resources and economic resources • Can you make connections between these systems? • Tradeoffs - What if a resource is too “expensive” to acquire - what do we or organisms do then? ...
Competition
Competition

... number of individuals of each species that can coexist at equilibrium. When the L-V equations are given various values and graphed, a very informative series of figures can be generated (plotting number of species 2 vs. species 1). (See handout.) The space within a figure represents a combination of ...
Chapter 3 Ecosystems and Energy
Chapter 3 Ecosystems and Energy

Ecosystem
Ecosystem

... • 50 - 90% of GPP is lost to Rs by the primary producers. • NPP = 10 - 50% • Animals - use only NPP, which limits the food webs. ...
PDF
PDF

Study Guide for Ecology Test 1 - Mercer Island School District
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1 - Mercer Island School District

... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1

... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN POPULATION DYNAMICS BY
MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN POPULATION DYNAMICS BY

... Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................. iii List of Tables and Figures ................................................................................................................. vi ...
AP Biology
AP Biology

... C) a situation in which the sex ratio in a population shows repeated oscillations D) a situation in which the populations of a predator species and a prey species oscillate in unison ___14) An ecologist hypothesizes that predation by a particular owl species is the major factor controlling the popul ...
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Theoretical ecology



Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.
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