Species-Area Relationship for Stream Fishes
... and Panama to examine variation in species-area relationships within and between the respective fish faunas. For six of the seven steams studied, habitat volume was a better predictor of species richness than was habitat area, and number of individuals was a better predictor of species richness than ...
... and Panama to examine variation in species-area relationships within and between the respective fish faunas. For six of the seven steams studied, habitat volume was a better predictor of species richness than was habitat area, and number of individuals was a better predictor of species richness than ...
DOC - Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology
... Predation involves four steps: search, recognition, capture, and handling. The possibility of coevolution of predator and prey operates at each of these steps. Predators search the environment for acceptable prey. Predator adaptations to improve foraging success include better visual acuity, develop ...
... Predation involves four steps: search, recognition, capture, and handling. The possibility of coevolution of predator and prey operates at each of these steps. Predators search the environment for acceptable prey. Predator adaptations to improve foraging success include better visual acuity, develop ...
bivalve aquaculture and exotic species: a review of ecological
... 2000, Cox 2004). These are similar to some of the attributes that are sought for aquaculture species (Branch & Steffani 2004, National Research Council 2004). In general, introduced species and native congeners or their approximate ecological bivalve equivalents (e.g., mussels and oysters) differ in ...
... 2000, Cox 2004). These are similar to some of the attributes that are sought for aquaculture species (Branch & Steffani 2004, National Research Council 2004). In general, introduced species and native congeners or their approximate ecological bivalve equivalents (e.g., mussels and oysters) differ in ...
The Epidemiology of Knowledge
... and they become removals if they reject the idea or infective if they accept the idea and cite the paper in their own research. 1z The authors demonstrated that the spread of information in the medical community is also an ecological process ...
... and they become removals if they reject the idea or infective if they accept the idea and cite the paper in their own research. 1z The authors demonstrated that the spread of information in the medical community is also an ecological process ...
a comparison of maximum sprint speed among the five
... of their ranges. Field observations suggest that temperatures of preferred natural habitat differ among these species. To determine whole-animal physiological differences associated with thermal aspects of their habitats, we quantified and compared maximum sprint speed at four ecologically significa ...
... of their ranges. Field observations suggest that temperatures of preferred natural habitat differ among these species. To determine whole-animal physiological differences associated with thermal aspects of their habitats, we quantified and compared maximum sprint speed at four ecologically significa ...
WM0415 AnnexA Jay Conflicts
... that they tend to be relatively more abundant in different parts of the study area. In Britain, differences in breeding densities and breeding success of black grouse Tetrao tetrix have been related to the intensity of grazing on moorland and not solely predator management (Baines 1996). Within year ...
... that they tend to be relatively more abundant in different parts of the study area. In Britain, differences in breeding densities and breeding success of black grouse Tetrao tetrix have been related to the intensity of grazing on moorland and not solely predator management (Baines 1996). Within year ...
Module 2: Florida Scrub Food Chain
... • Food chains and webs help us understand the interdependence of living things and the importance of all roles within a chain or web. • Energy comes from the sun, moves through plants, and then to animals and decomposers. • Organisms in a food chain rely on each other for food. • Consumers can be he ...
... • Food chains and webs help us understand the interdependence of living things and the importance of all roles within a chain or web. • Energy comes from the sun, moves through plants, and then to animals and decomposers. • Organisms in a food chain rely on each other for food. • Consumers can be he ...
Chapter 8 – Marine Fauna - Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists
... condition. Determining population status, in some cases hundreds of years before surveys were undertaken, can be challenging, but a range of methods are potentially available. However, this information provides a greater appreciation of the relative condition of the species, which population numbers ...
... condition. Determining population status, in some cases hundreds of years before surveys were undertaken, can be challenging, but a range of methods are potentially available. However, this information provides a greater appreciation of the relative condition of the species, which population numbers ...
Limiting Factors Study Guide
... able to answer: • What does the term limiting factors mean? • What do limiting factors do for an ecosystem? • What does carrying capacity mean? • How are the terms limiting factors and carrying capacity related? • What does the term primary succession mean? Give an example. • What does the term seco ...
... able to answer: • What does the term limiting factors mean? • What do limiting factors do for an ecosystem? • What does carrying capacity mean? • How are the terms limiting factors and carrying capacity related? • What does the term primary succession mean? Give an example. • What does the term seco ...
Avian top predator and the landscape of fear: responses of
... eagles and the wildlife snow-track census data, which as annual monitoring scheme of multiple species is unique in its extent and longevity. We use estimated eagle territory and fledgling densities together with distance to the nearest eagle nest as proxies of the predation risk, the impact of which ...
... eagles and the wildlife snow-track census data, which as annual monitoring scheme of multiple species is unique in its extent and longevity. We use estimated eagle territory and fledgling densities together with distance to the nearest eagle nest as proxies of the predation risk, the impact of which ...
Final report Fishing Impact on Benthic Communities
... found in the stomachs of P. bernhardus from the treatment wayline. These results suggest that P. bernhardus migrate into recently trawled areas because they are able to benefit from feeding on the damaged or disturbed fauna generated by beam trawling. P. prideaux apparently neither move into the tra ...
... found in the stomachs of P. bernhardus from the treatment wayline. These results suggest that P. bernhardus migrate into recently trawled areas because they are able to benefit from feeding on the damaged or disturbed fauna generated by beam trawling. P. prideaux apparently neither move into the tra ...
Hawaii`s Terrestrial Ecosystesms: Preservation
... In order to establish a successful breeding population, a colonizing species must be pre-adapted genetically to exploit the resources in the new land. Potential hosts must be present in enough numbers and in the right developmental stage; nesting and roosting sites, reproductive cues, and other ecol ...
... In order to establish a successful breeding population, a colonizing species must be pre-adapted genetically to exploit the resources in the new land. Potential hosts must be present in enough numbers and in the right developmental stage; nesting and roosting sites, reproductive cues, and other ecol ...
The effects of UVB radiation on southern temperate forests
... modest increase in UVB. Therefore, it is unlikely that large-scale changes in biomass or species dominance will occur in the temperate SH forests with a small increase in UVB (< 20%). However, forest trees differ in their response to UVB radiation. The present day levels of UVB can affect the growth ...
... modest increase in UVB. Therefore, it is unlikely that large-scale changes in biomass or species dominance will occur in the temperate SH forests with a small increase in UVB (< 20%). However, forest trees differ in their response to UVB radiation. The present day levels of UVB can affect the growth ...
- Wiley Online Library
... of a dispersal kernel influences the rate of spread, we know much less about the relationships between emigration, movement and settlement rules, and invasion rates. Here, we use a simple, single species individual-based model that explicitly simulates animal dispersal to establish how density-depen ...
... of a dispersal kernel influences the rate of spread, we know much less about the relationships between emigration, movement and settlement rules, and invasion rates. Here, we use a simple, single species individual-based model that explicitly simulates animal dispersal to establish how density-depen ...
Freese Scale for Grassland Biodiversity
... diversity of life the region once harbored. As has been the case for millennia, humans will be part of this ecosystem but not in the command-and-control manner that prevails over most of our lands. The focus on ecological conditions is not so different from the often-used cinematic metaphor “build i ...
... diversity of life the region once harbored. As has been the case for millennia, humans will be part of this ecosystem but not in the command-and-control manner that prevails over most of our lands. The focus on ecological conditions is not so different from the often-used cinematic metaphor “build i ...
Predicting ecosystem stability from community composition and
... et al. 2010; Allan et al. 2011). The derivation proceeds as follows. First, we compute the deterministic equilibrium values of model (1) in the absence of any stochasticity. Second, we assume that the system reaches a stationary state, and we linearise Equations (1) and (2) around the equilibrium by ...
... et al. 2010; Allan et al. 2011). The derivation proceeds as follows. First, we compute the deterministic equilibrium values of model (1) in the absence of any stochasticity. Second, we assume that the system reaches a stationary state, and we linearise Equations (1) and (2) around the equilibrium by ...
The complexity of amphibian population declines
... colonizations that are difficult to document and predict.9,10 Amphibian populations are often described as having “crashed” or undergone “sudden declines,” “rapid declines,” or “significant declines,” frequently without precisely defining the criteria used to describe the declines.11–13 Stuart et al ...
... colonizations that are difficult to document and predict.9,10 Amphibian populations are often described as having “crashed” or undergone “sudden declines,” “rapid declines,” or “significant declines,” frequently without precisely defining the criteria used to describe the declines.11–13 Stuart et al ...
ENV 101 Environmental Science
... Objective 4.3 Describe the flow of energy and the cycling of matter through ecosystems. Classify populations by trophic level. Competency 5 Develop an understanding of evolutionary and ecological theory relevant to environmental science Objective 5.1 Describe the theory of evolution by natural selec ...
... Objective 4.3 Describe the flow of energy and the cycling of matter through ecosystems. Classify populations by trophic level. Competency 5 Develop an understanding of evolutionary and ecological theory relevant to environmental science Objective 5.1 Describe the theory of evolution by natural selec ...
31.4 What Are The Major Threats To Biodiversity?
... • The loss of this protective function was illustrated by the catastrophic flooding of New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina in 2005. • Prior to dredging the waters of the Mississippi River, the river produced a natural silt-laden wetlands that served as a natural barrier to the force of incoming sto ...
... • The loss of this protective function was illustrated by the catastrophic flooding of New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina in 2005. • Prior to dredging the waters of the Mississippi River, the river produced a natural silt-laden wetlands that served as a natural barrier to the force of incoming sto ...
Seed dispersal by pulp consumers, not ``legitimate`` seed
... plant population dynamics (Godı́nez-Alvarez et al. 2002). One way to close the ‘‘seed dispersal loop’’ (Wang and Smith 2002) and examine the consequences of seed dispersal is to connect landscape patterns of seed deposition and post-dispersal seed fate with population demography through stage-specifi ...
... plant population dynamics (Godı́nez-Alvarez et al. 2002). One way to close the ‘‘seed dispersal loop’’ (Wang and Smith 2002) and examine the consequences of seed dispersal is to connect landscape patterns of seed deposition and post-dispersal seed fate with population demography through stage-specifi ...
Unifying sources and sinks in ecology andEarth sciences
... limiting nutrients, toxic pollutants, or living organisms and its global consequences requires thorough knowledge of the multiple pathways through which living and non-living entities transform into each other and move in space. Increasingly the paired concepts of sources and sinks are used in the e ...
... limiting nutrients, toxic pollutants, or living organisms and its global consequences requires thorough knowledge of the multiple pathways through which living and non-living entities transform into each other and move in space. Increasingly the paired concepts of sources and sinks are used in the e ...
The Crayfish Snakes of North America By Jake A. Pruett Aquatic
... vulnerable to predators. Herons, large fish, bull-frogs, and other snakes all prey on crayfish snakes and it is possible that selection has favored a mechanism for detecting the posterior end of prey that reduces handling time. Alternatively, prey might be carried to and ingested under some form of ...
... vulnerable to predators. Herons, large fish, bull-frogs, and other snakes all prey on crayfish snakes and it is possible that selection has favored a mechanism for detecting the posterior end of prey that reduces handling time. Alternatively, prey might be carried to and ingested under some form of ...
Bridging the layers: towards integration of signal transduction
... reviews for further information on these topics. Importantly, we will focus on modelling formalisms that are based on networks. These can be used to simulate perturbations (such as stimuli, mutations, or drug treatments), thus predicting how these alterations affect the network elements. There is cur ...
... reviews for further information on these topics. Importantly, we will focus on modelling formalisms that are based on networks. These can be used to simulate perturbations (such as stimuli, mutations, or drug treatments), thus predicting how these alterations affect the network elements. There is cur ...
Population Management - University of Minnesota
... Wolves usually hunt in packs with the alpha leading the hunt. The dominant wolves will generally feed first, then allow the others to finish the remains. Generally wolves will go without eating for 3-4 days. When they make a kill they will gorge themselves filling their large stomachs. Wolves leave ...
... Wolves usually hunt in packs with the alpha leading the hunt. The dominant wolves will generally feed first, then allow the others to finish the remains. Generally wolves will go without eating for 3-4 days. When they make a kill they will gorge themselves filling their large stomachs. Wolves leave ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.