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AP Biology
AP Biology

... grew exponentially for 60 years after they were first protected from hunting. The increasingly large number of elephants eventually caused enough damage to vegetation that a collapse in their food supply was likely, resulting in action by park managers. ...
Populations - Cloudfront.net
Populations - Cloudfront.net

... Like other organisms, human population tends to increase with time For most of human existence – population has grown slowly (limited food source/incurable disease) About 500 years ago – population began growing ...
Populations
Populations

... • Populations simply grow when the birth rate exceeds the death rate. • If the death rate is greater than the birthrate, the population shrinks. • External factors such as immigration and emigration can also affect population – Immigration is the movement of individuals into an area, a factor that c ...
Population dynamics
Population dynamics

... Immigration: Individuals moving to a new area occupied by the same species Emigration: Individuals leaving an area Natality: Births within a population Mortality: Deaths within a population ...
Chapter 2: Single species growth models
Chapter 2: Single species growth models

... r is sometimes called the intrinsic or instantaneous rate of increase. It expresses the balance between birth and death processes. Here are some conditions under which populations may grow exponentially for a short period of time. 1) Invasive species when they first arrive. 2) Species colonizing a n ...
ECOLOGY - Bishop Amat Memorial High School
ECOLOGY - Bishop Amat Memorial High School

... population that can be maintained for an indefinite period of time by a particular environment ...
Fluctuations in the size of a population are often difficult to measure
Fluctuations in the size of a population are often difficult to measure

... Fluctuations in the size of a population are often difficult to measure directly but may be estimated by measuring the relative rates of birth, death, immigration, and emigration in a population. The number of deaths and emigrations over time will decrease a population’s size, and the number of birt ...
Ecology
Ecology

... 2. Logistic Growth: When a popualtion grows exponentially at first them slows or stops due to limiting resources. Results in a “S – Shaped” curve. ...
Population Biology
Population Biology

... • floods ...
Population Ecology
Population Ecology

... occurs when the reproductive rate of a population levels off or slows down ...
pop dynamics review
pop dynamics review

... b) Calculate the the population growth rate of the population: c) What would the population size be after 8 years if similar changes occurred every year? 6. If the growth rate in Ontario is 2.4% (r=0.24). In what year will the population have doubled? 7. The carrying capacity of chipmunks in Lemoine ...
Population ecology
Population ecology

... Maximum # of individuals of a species an environment can support. Exponential growth can not continue due to carrying capacity  Resources become scarce  Competition and predation ...
Ecosystem Notes Part 2
Ecosystem Notes Part 2

... organism plays when constrained by the presence of other competing species. ...
File - Ms.Holli
File - Ms.Holli

... • Density Dependent factors (depend on # of organisms): • Competition (with other organisms for food, water, sunlight, space) • Predation • Parasitism • Disease • Density Independent factors (don’t depend of # of organisms): • Unusual weather/ natural disasters • Seasonal cycles • Certain human acti ...
Energy and Biomass Pyramid (together)
Energy and Biomass Pyramid (together)

... Represents amount of energy available at each level as well as amount of living tissue— both decrease with each increasing trophic level ...
CP-Bio Ch. 27 (Populations)
CP-Bio Ch. 27 (Populations)

... • Birthrate- # of organisms born in a period of time, usually expressed as the number of births each year for every 1000 people ...
Chapter 4- Population Biology
Chapter 4- Population Biology

... • What role does the owl play in its ecosystem? • What would happen if the rodents were removed? • Knowing the pollutants like DDT are magnified through the food chains, why are higher consumers most ...
Population density
Population density

... • Environmental resistance = All limiting factors taken together ...
ppt
ppt

...  If more individuals are being born than dying, an increase in population size will occur. ( + number)  If more individuals are dying than being born, a decrease in population size will occur. (-number) ...
11867_Alarcón
11867_Alarcón

... (SPF), Patagonian sprat is a key component of the ecosystem, because it feeds on phyto- and zooplankton items, and at the same time, is a prey of large fish with economic importance for the artisanal fishery of the inner sea of the Chilean Patagonia. Also, it is important for other key species in th ...
population
population

... more quickly from population declines than organisms with low biotic potential. ...
Ecosystems
Ecosystems

... Law Of Minimums - essential material available in amounts most closely approaching the minimum needed by an organism will tend to limit the organism's growth and development. Limits Of Tolerance - organisms can only tolerate certain extremes in environmental factors. Populations cannot exist outside ...
Populations
Populations

... individuals can live in an area at one time. If the population density increases beyond a suitable level for a particular species, it produces conditions that tend to limit further population growth. ...
Document
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... dN Ndt ...
problem set: ecology
problem set: ecology

... 5. Biomass is defined as the total weight of all the living organisms in a particular area. Over the course of 4 years, scientists measure the biomass of Lake Erie in Michigan. During year 2, a new golf course is built nearby which results in a great deal of fertilizer runoff into the lake. Explain ...
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Maximum sustainable yield

In population ecology and economics, maximum sustainable yield or MSY is theoretically, the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period. Fundamental to the notion of sustainable harvest, the concept of MSY aims to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added to the population, allowing the population to continue to be productive indefinitely. Under the assumption of logistic growth, resource limitation does not constrain individuals’ reproductive rates when populations are small, but because there are few individuals, the overall yield is small. At intermediate population densities, also represented by half the carrying capacity, individuals are able to breed to their maximum rate. At this point, called the maximum sustainable yield, there is a surplus of individuals that can be harvested because growth of the population is at its maximum point due to the large number of reproducing individuals. Above this point, density dependent factors increasingly limit breeding until the population reaches carrying capacity. At this point, there are no surplus individuals to be harvested and yield drops to zero. The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield and maximum economic yield.MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. Unlike the logistic (Schaefer) model, MSY has been refined in most modern fisheries models and occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method.However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries. As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of bycatch. Among conservation biologists it is widely regarded as dangerous and misused.
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