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... (considering the logarithm of body size relative to that of the autotroph). The coefficients μ and σγ represent the optimal trait ratio of predator to prey and the dietary breadth of the predator. The natural mortality is also assumed to be trait-mediated, Di = d0exp(-ri/4) (Peters, 1983). The inten ...
Population-Ecology
Population-Ecology

... area inhabited by population of organisms • Population Density- number of individuals per unit area; varies depending on species and its ecosystem • Growth rate- change in number of organisms/size of population over time • Age structure diagrams ...
1pt
1pt

... school of fish... ...
Population - AP Subjects
Population - AP Subjects

...  Type I- Death greatest at old age; ex. humans  Type II- Death spread evenly throughout life; ex. squirrels  Type III- Death greatest among the young; ex. fish, oysters, o Community Ecology  Competition (ex. paramecium experiment [Fig 6.14])  Resource partitioning (when 2 species divide the res ...
1. What is a population? Distinguish between density
1. What is a population? Distinguish between density

... environment can support over a relatively long time period • A “logistic population growth” model assumes the rate of population growth (r) slows as the population size reaches the carrying capacity of the environment • Some assumptions do not hold true for all populations  Ex: Populations approach ...
Chapter 4 Population Balance in an Ecosystem Population balance
Chapter 4 Population Balance in an Ecosystem Population balance

... Population Balance in an Ecosystem Population balance is an equilibrium between births and death. Otherwise, the population would change and the ecosystem would not be in balance, in other words, not sustainable. Population Growth Depends on: ...
Exponential Growth
Exponential Growth

... !   Type I: Survivorship is high until late in life !   Type II: Death rate varies little with age !   Type III: Death rate peaks early in life ...
Unit 5 Population Dynamics Expectations
Unit 5 Population Dynamics Expectations

... mechanism, symbiotic relationship, parasitic relationship) between different species. F3.2 describe the characteristics of a given population, such as its growth, density (e.g., fecundity, mortality), distribution, and minimum viable size. F3.3 explain factors such as carrying capacity, fecundity, d ...
Populations
Populations

... A population growth builds on the exponential model but accounts for the influence of limiting factors Carrying capacity: the no. of indiv. The environment can support over a long period of time. Logistic growth ...
Population ecology Definitions Characteristics of Populations Age
Population ecology Definitions Characteristics of Populations Age

... given pop in a given environment • Each species has a characteristic curve. • Three types of curves are common in nature. ...
5-1 How Populations Grow
5-1 How Populations Grow

... 3 factors that affect population size 1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________ 3. _________________________________  A pop will increase or decrease in size depending on how many individuals are added or removed from it. Population Growth  Birth rate > death rate = ...
Populations Study Guide
Populations Study Guide

... □ I can describe the growth of populations in terms of the mathematical relationship among carrying capacity, biotic potential, environmental resistance, and the number of individuals in the population (22.1, 22.2) ...
Ecology Unit Review Questions
Ecology Unit Review Questions

... What are the 4 characteristics of a population? Be able to explain each. How is the density of a population calculated? You will be asked to be able to calculate the population density of a specific population. What factors affect population growth or decline? Don’t forget to define words like immig ...
Human Ecology
Human Ecology

... Resulting in a decrease in death rate, a longer life span, and an increased birth rate in some areas • NOTE: there has been a decrease in fertility rates in underdeveloped nations ...
Chapter 35
Chapter 35

... a. G = growth rate (change in number of individuals over time) b. N = population size c. r = intrinsic rate of increase i. depends on the type of organism ii. an organisms maximum capacity to reproduce iii. constant 3. So growth rate (G) at any given time depends only on number of individuals in pop ...
Population growth
Population growth

... Biotic potential is influenced by: 1. Age at which the organism first reproduces 2. Frequency with which reproduction occurs 3. Average number of offspring produced each time 4. Length of organism’s reproductive life span 5. Death rate of individuals under ideal conditions • Biotic potential helps e ...
Maximum population
Maximum population

... Provides insight into the environmental associations & social interactions of individuals in population ...
Welcome to Class
Welcome to Class

... Population Characteristics • Population Density – # of organisms per area • Dispersion – pattern of spacing of a population within an area – Based on available resources (food) ...
Population Biology
Population Biology

...  Prey is being eaten - predator does the eating. ...
Populations
Populations

... Purple Loosestrife • Plant brought to US from Europe for gardens • Escaped to wild • Invades wetlands • Outcompeting native species. ...
Understanding Populations
Understanding Populations

... population can produce Some species have a higher reproductive rate than others Biotic potential  Fastest rate that a population can grow Reproductive potential increases when individuals:  Produce more offspring at a time  Reproduce more often  Reproduce earlier in life ...
Aim What is Carrying Capacity ?
Aim What is Carrying Capacity ?

... A population of chipmunks migrated to an environment where they had little competition. Their population quickly increased but eventually stabilized as shown in the graph. Which statement best explains why the population stabilized? 1.Interbreeding between members of the population increased the mu ...
Population Dynamics
Population Dynamics

...  All living things need resources such as water, energy and living space. ...
Indicator species
Indicator species

... J-shaped curve- when graphed the exponential growth model looks like this. ...
Population Ecology
Population Ecology

... in a given area or volume • count all the individuals in a population • estimate by sampling ...
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Maximum sustainable yield

In population ecology and economics, maximum sustainable yield or MSY is theoretically, the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period. Fundamental to the notion of sustainable harvest, the concept of MSY aims to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added to the population, allowing the population to continue to be productive indefinitely. Under the assumption of logistic growth, resource limitation does not constrain individuals’ reproductive rates when populations are small, but because there are few individuals, the overall yield is small. At intermediate population densities, also represented by half the carrying capacity, individuals are able to breed to their maximum rate. At this point, called the maximum sustainable yield, there is a surplus of individuals that can be harvested because growth of the population is at its maximum point due to the large number of reproducing individuals. Above this point, density dependent factors increasingly limit breeding until the population reaches carrying capacity. At this point, there are no surplus individuals to be harvested and yield drops to zero. The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield and maximum economic yield.MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. Unlike the logistic (Schaefer) model, MSY has been refined in most modern fisheries models and occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method.However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries. As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of bycatch. Among conservation biologists it is widely regarded as dangerous and misused.
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