Vocabulary From DNA to Proteins
... Deoxyribonucleic acid - (DNA) a molecule composed of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphorus group and a nitrogen base. The molecule that contains the instructions for all of the cells function. Double helix –the structure of DNA, composed of two strands of DNA that are held together by hydrogen bonds bet ...
... Deoxyribonucleic acid - (DNA) a molecule composed of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphorus group and a nitrogen base. The molecule that contains the instructions for all of the cells function. Double helix –the structure of DNA, composed of two strands of DNA that are held together by hydrogen bonds bet ...
The Central Dogma of Genetics
... instructions (coded in DNA) from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. mRNA molecules are often called transcripts. • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – a structural component of ribosomes (the complexes that are involved in assembling proteins based upon information in mRNA templates) • Transfer RNA (tRNA) – acts as ...
... instructions (coded in DNA) from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. mRNA molecules are often called transcripts. • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – a structural component of ribosomes (the complexes that are involved in assembling proteins based upon information in mRNA templates) • Transfer RNA (tRNA) – acts as ...
heartsprotein.adv.pdf
... non-polar, amino acids are those that do not like to be in contact with water because their R groups have no areas that are charged. These amino acids have no oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) or phosphate (P) in their R groups. Instead these amino acids have R groups primarily composed of carbon (C) and hyd ...
... non-polar, amino acids are those that do not like to be in contact with water because their R groups have no areas that are charged. These amino acids have no oxygen (O), nitrogen (N) or phosphate (P) in their R groups. Instead these amino acids have R groups primarily composed of carbon (C) and hyd ...
Metabolism
... Photosystems I and II Noncyclic Electron Flow – Is the primary pathway of energy transformation in the light reactions – It involves both photosystems – Produces NADPH, ATP, and oxygen Cyclic Electron Flow – Photoexcited electrons take an alternative path – Uses Photosystem I only – Electrons cycle ...
... Photosystems I and II Noncyclic Electron Flow – Is the primary pathway of energy transformation in the light reactions – It involves both photosystems – Produces NADPH, ATP, and oxygen Cyclic Electron Flow – Photoexcited electrons take an alternative path – Uses Photosystem I only – Electrons cycle ...
SCIENCE
... Electronic devices should not be seen, heard, or used during class, or they will be confiscated. ...
... Electronic devices should not be seen, heard, or used during class, or they will be confiscated. ...
Chapter 14 Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism
... – Linoleic and linolenic acids from the diet can be converted to other polyunsaturated fatty acids. • The human body can convert glucose to fatty acids, but cannot convert fatty acids to glucose. – Humans have no enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetyl CoA to pyruvate, which is required for g ...
... – Linoleic and linolenic acids from the diet can be converted to other polyunsaturated fatty acids. • The human body can convert glucose to fatty acids, but cannot convert fatty acids to glucose. – Humans have no enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetyl CoA to pyruvate, which is required for g ...
c - Hialeah Senior High School
... surround a pore through which ions, sugars, amino acids, and other small molecules may pass. Gap junctions are necessary for communication between cells in many types of tissues, including heart muscle and animal embryos. ...
... surround a pore through which ions, sugars, amino acids, and other small molecules may pass. Gap junctions are necessary for communication between cells in many types of tissues, including heart muscle and animal embryos. ...
Document
... • Now we have more or less all the major techniques used in the determination of coupling networks (chemical structure) and distances (3D structure, conformation). • We’ll see how these are used in the study of macromolecular structure and conformational preferences, particularly of peptides. We wil ...
... • Now we have more or less all the major techniques used in the determination of coupling networks (chemical structure) and distances (3D structure, conformation). • We’ll see how these are used in the study of macromolecular structure and conformational preferences, particularly of peptides. We wil ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... (ii) Acquired: which occurs later on in life (common). 2. Effect: The presence of lactose in intestine causes: a) Increased osmotic pressure: So water will be drawn from the tissue (causing dehydration) into the large intestine (causing diarrhea). b) Increased fermentation of lactose by bacteria: In ...
... (ii) Acquired: which occurs later on in life (common). 2. Effect: The presence of lactose in intestine causes: a) Increased osmotic pressure: So water will be drawn from the tissue (causing dehydration) into the large intestine (causing diarrhea). b) Increased fermentation of lactose by bacteria: In ...
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
... digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
... digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes ...
Description
... twisting of parental helix that would be results from unwinding at replication fork (DNA gyrase in prokaryotes. ...
... twisting of parental helix that would be results from unwinding at replication fork (DNA gyrase in prokaryotes. ...
Cell Respiration
... step-wise catabolism of 6C citrate molecule • Evolved later than glycolysis o Does that make evolutionary sense? bacteria →3.5 billion years ago (glycolysis) free O2 →2.7 billion years ago (photosynthesis) eukaryotes →1.5 billion years ago (aerobic respiration ...
... step-wise catabolism of 6C citrate molecule • Evolved later than glycolysis o Does that make evolutionary sense? bacteria →3.5 billion years ago (glycolysis) free O2 →2.7 billion years ago (photosynthesis) eukaryotes →1.5 billion years ago (aerobic respiration ...
Topics covered on this exam include: cellular respiration
... their functions different? 2. What are the components of a single nucleotide? Dow we find nucleotides in both RNA and DNA? 3. Be able to go between DNA DNA, DNA RNA and RNA RNA. 4. What are the three types of RNA? What is the function of each? 5. What is the difference between transcription an ...
... their functions different? 2. What are the components of a single nucleotide? Dow we find nucleotides in both RNA and DNA? 3. Be able to go between DNA DNA, DNA RNA and RNA RNA. 4. What are the three types of RNA? What is the function of each? 5. What is the difference between transcription an ...
Lab 3: Enzymes
... exergonic reactions to occur (EA) • Bonds that will break and release energy need to get into the correct state • This contorted state is called the transition state – High-energy – Unstable ...
... exergonic reactions to occur (EA) • Bonds that will break and release energy need to get into the correct state • This contorted state is called the transition state – High-energy – Unstable ...
Ch 28 Reading guide
... 3. What is the role of citrate lyase? What hormone leads to its activation? 4. The synthesis of palmitate requires _____ molecules of NADPH as well as __________. 5. The shuttle that returns oxaloacetate back to the matrix also produces _____________, which is needed in fatty acid synthesis. 6. Draw ...
... 3. What is the role of citrate lyase? What hormone leads to its activation? 4. The synthesis of palmitate requires _____ molecules of NADPH as well as __________. 5. The shuttle that returns oxaloacetate back to the matrix also produces _____________, which is needed in fatty acid synthesis. 6. Draw ...
Full text
... containing 5 g l-1NH3, 0.5 g l-1 Triton-X, 0.5 g l-1 EDTA and 6 ml l-1 butan-1-ol according to Varian procedure was prepared by dilution with Milli-Q DI water. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric measurements for multielement determination of trace elements were performed with a Varian 820 ...
... containing 5 g l-1NH3, 0.5 g l-1 Triton-X, 0.5 g l-1 EDTA and 6 ml l-1 butan-1-ol according to Varian procedure was prepared by dilution with Milli-Q DI water. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric measurements for multielement determination of trace elements were performed with a Varian 820 ...
The Genetic Science Glossary - Canadian Council of Churches
... encyclopedias, the DNA is the words on each page. There are only four "letters" in the DNA alphabet but, just like the 26 letters of the English alphabet, the DNA letters can be put together to form words. Each volume of the set could he considered a chromosome. DNA repair genes ...
... encyclopedias, the DNA is the words on each page. There are only four "letters" in the DNA alphabet but, just like the 26 letters of the English alphabet, the DNA letters can be put together to form words. Each volume of the set could he considered a chromosome. DNA repair genes ...
CHAPTER 9: HOW CELLS HARVEST ENERGY
... for students to understand other concepts that integrate cell function to homeostasis and development. SYNOPSIS Biological endergonic reactions do not occur spontaneously and are generally coupled with reactions that split energy-carrying molecules like ATP. ATP is not a long-term energy storage mol ...
... for students to understand other concepts that integrate cell function to homeostasis and development. SYNOPSIS Biological endergonic reactions do not occur spontaneously and are generally coupled with reactions that split energy-carrying molecules like ATP. ATP is not a long-term energy storage mol ...
Energy Systems
... • Oxygen debt refers to post exercise oxygen consumption where the body needs to _________________its debt incurred after the exercise is over • You will notice that even after you are done racing you will continue to breath hard. • At this point your body is still trying to repay the oxygen debt th ...
... • Oxygen debt refers to post exercise oxygen consumption where the body needs to _________________its debt incurred after the exercise is over • You will notice that even after you are done racing you will continue to breath hard. • At this point your body is still trying to repay the oxygen debt th ...
Slide 1
... The Human Body Uses Energy From ATP for All Its Activities The average adult human needs about 2,200 kcal of energy per day – A kilocalorie (kcal) is the quantity of heat required to ...
... The Human Body Uses Energy From ATP for All Its Activities The average adult human needs about 2,200 kcal of energy per day – A kilocalorie (kcal) is the quantity of heat required to ...
Oakland Schools Biology Resource Unit
... multicellular. They understand that cells are composed of biological macromolecules and that the complex processes of the cell allow it to maintain a stable internal environment necessary to maintain life. They make predictions based on these understandings. B2.2 Organic Molecules There are four maj ...
... multicellular. They understand that cells are composed of biological macromolecules and that the complex processes of the cell allow it to maintain a stable internal environment necessary to maintain life. They make predictions based on these understandings. B2.2 Organic Molecules There are four maj ...
Ch. 5 Lecture CH_05_Lecture_v4
... • C) Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules. • D) Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions. • E) Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information. ...
... • C) Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules. • D) Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions. • E) Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information. ...
Diffusion
... through the lungs and into the bloodstream. The oxygen is then transported throughout the body. Carbon dioxide is the waste gas produced by respiration. Carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues into the bloodstream and is exhaled via the lungs. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs? 3 of ...
... through the lungs and into the bloodstream. The oxygen is then transported throughout the body. Carbon dioxide is the waste gas produced by respiration. Carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues into the bloodstream and is exhaled via the lungs. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs? 3 of ...
WATER SOLUBLE VITA
... NAD and NADP – coenzymes of many оxidoreductases (about 100) Take part in: -glycolisis -gluconeogenesis -PPC -FA synthesis and oxidation -AA deamination -Krebs cycle (3 enzymes) -ETC -nucleic acids formation NADP takes part in: -FA synthesis -cholesterol synthesis ...
... NAD and NADP – coenzymes of many оxidoreductases (about 100) Take part in: -glycolisis -gluconeogenesis -PPC -FA synthesis and oxidation -AA deamination -Krebs cycle (3 enzymes) -ETC -nucleic acids formation NADP takes part in: -FA synthesis -cholesterol synthesis ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.