Introduction to Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology II Losiana
... A field of science concerned with studying the chemical structures and processes of biological phenomena at the molecular level. A branch of biology dealing with the ultimate physicochemical organization of living matter and especially with the molecular basis of inheritance and protein synthesis. R ...
... A field of science concerned with studying the chemical structures and processes of biological phenomena at the molecular level. A branch of biology dealing with the ultimate physicochemical organization of living matter and especially with the molecular basis of inheritance and protein synthesis. R ...
biology exam review - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... plants when CO2 levels are low and O2 levels are high. d) Photorespiration is the process by which plants capture light energy and convert it to ATP. 53. How are C4 plants different from C3 plants? a) C4 plants function better in low light conditions. b) C4 plants function better in relatively moist ...
... plants when CO2 levels are low and O2 levels are high. d) Photorespiration is the process by which plants capture light energy and convert it to ATP. 53. How are C4 plants different from C3 plants? a) C4 plants function better in low light conditions. b) C4 plants function better in relatively moist ...
Nucleic acid engineering
... The secondary structure of nucleic acids Duplex DNA is a helix formed by two DNA strands aligned in a antiparallel fashion H-bonding is possible only when the two chains are antiparallel ...
... The secondary structure of nucleic acids Duplex DNA is a helix formed by two DNA strands aligned in a antiparallel fashion H-bonding is possible only when the two chains are antiparallel ...
Final Exam 2012 - Med Study Group
... They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. • They generally solidify at room temperature. • They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. • They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. 6. The structural level of a protein leas ...
... They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. • They generally solidify at room temperature. • They contain more hydrogen than saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. • They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. 6. The structural level of a protein leas ...
2008 Academic Challenge BIOLOGY TEST
... Eighty percent of the lactate produced in human muscle cells goes to the liver. Lactate fermentation takes place in human muscle cells if oxygen is not available. During lactate fermentation two ATP are produced. Some bacteria can undergo lactate fermentation. Lactate fermentation produces both an a ...
... Eighty percent of the lactate produced in human muscle cells goes to the liver. Lactate fermentation takes place in human muscle cells if oxygen is not available. During lactate fermentation two ATP are produced. Some bacteria can undergo lactate fermentation. Lactate fermentation produces both an a ...
Cellular Respiration Part 3
... Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) • Called the Citric Acid Cycle because Citric Acid (citrate) is the 1st molecule formed in the cycle • Called the Krebs Cycle after Hans Krebs – the researcher who discovered it • Occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria • Involves 2 electron carriers – NADH and FADH ...
... Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) • Called the Citric Acid Cycle because Citric Acid (citrate) is the 1st molecule formed in the cycle • Called the Krebs Cycle after Hans Krebs – the researcher who discovered it • Occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria • Involves 2 electron carriers – NADH and FADH ...
Insulin and glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue
... • Catabolic, releases glucose, amino acids and fatty acids from the storages ...
... • Catabolic, releases glucose, amino acids and fatty acids from the storages ...
The citric acid cycle • Also known as the Kreb`s cycle
... moves in 1 direction. Not none of these steps are listed as reversible) 5. Synthase catalyzes this reaction (catalyzes for addition to a double bond, or elimination to form a double bond. Does not require ATP) ...
... moves in 1 direction. Not none of these steps are listed as reversible) 5. Synthase catalyzes this reaction (catalyzes for addition to a double bond, or elimination to form a double bond. Does not require ATP) ...
Modifications of redox-active cysteines occurring during sample
... 80 Da, as well as 32, 48, 64, 76 and -34 Da as a result of sample preparation in protein expression and proteomic workflows. Different reasons have been elucidated and not all of them are fully clarified yet. 1) β-Mercaptoethanol is often used during the purification of expressed proteins (Begg & Sp ...
... 80 Da, as well as 32, 48, 64, 76 and -34 Da as a result of sample preparation in protein expression and proteomic workflows. Different reasons have been elucidated and not all of them are fully clarified yet. 1) β-Mercaptoethanol is often used during the purification of expressed proteins (Begg & Sp ...
LipidCat+AAmetabolism
... of amino acids, these are ambiphibolic: They involve synthesis of one amino acid at the expense of another ...
... of amino acids, these are ambiphibolic: They involve synthesis of one amino acid at the expense of another ...
TG_ProteinPartners-ver10 - RI
... How might a mutation that changes the identity of an amino acid affect the function of a protein? Is it possible for such a mutation to have no effect? Page 5 – Protein “Landscapes” Model: Receptor Protein Highlight the complementary shape and charge of the binding site and ligand (“partner mole ...
... How might a mutation that changes the identity of an amino acid affect the function of a protein? Is it possible for such a mutation to have no effect? Page 5 – Protein “Landscapes” Model: Receptor Protein Highlight the complementary shape and charge of the binding site and ligand (“partner mole ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... • A variant of TCA for plants and bacteria • Acetate-based growth - net synthesis of carbohydrates and other intermediates from acetate - is not possible with TCA • Glyoxylate cycle offers a solution for plants and some bacteria and algae • The CO2-evolving steps are bypassed and an extra acetate is ...
... • A variant of TCA for plants and bacteria • Acetate-based growth - net synthesis of carbohydrates and other intermediates from acetate - is not possible with TCA • Glyoxylate cycle offers a solution for plants and some bacteria and algae • The CO2-evolving steps are bypassed and an extra acetate is ...
Slide 1
... positive cooperativity is a property of multimeric/oligomeric proteins only Instead, the binding of oxygen by myoglobin is ______________ by the oxygen pressure in the surrounding tissue. Myoglobin is often cited as having an "instant binding tenacity" to oxygen. Mb binds to O2 when O2 is plentiful ...
... positive cooperativity is a property of multimeric/oligomeric proteins only Instead, the binding of oxygen by myoglobin is ______________ by the oxygen pressure in the surrounding tissue. Myoglobin is often cited as having an "instant binding tenacity" to oxygen. Mb binds to O2 when O2 is plentiful ...
Slide 1
... BUT… The first phase uses 2 ATP molecules Net Gain= 2 ATP Molecules Not enough energy fro most organisms ...
... BUT… The first phase uses 2 ATP molecules Net Gain= 2 ATP Molecules Not enough energy fro most organisms ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... • A variant of TCA for plants and bacteria • Acetate-based growth - net synthesis of carbohydrates and other intermediates from acetate - is not possible with TCA • Glyoxylate cycle offers a solution for plants and some bacteria and algae • The CO2-evolving steps are bypassed and an extra acetate is ...
... • A variant of TCA for plants and bacteria • Acetate-based growth - net synthesis of carbohydrates and other intermediates from acetate - is not possible with TCA • Glyoxylate cycle offers a solution for plants and some bacteria and algae • The CO2-evolving steps are bypassed and an extra acetate is ...
How to classify proteins on basis of structure?
... If 100 psec (10-10 sec) were required to convert from a conformation to another one, a random search of all conformations would require 5 x 1047 x 10-10 sec ≒ 1.6 x 1030 years. However, folding of proteins takes place in msec to sec order. Therefore, proteins fold not via a random search but a more ...
... If 100 psec (10-10 sec) were required to convert from a conformation to another one, a random search of all conformations would require 5 x 1047 x 10-10 sec ≒ 1.6 x 1030 years. However, folding of proteins takes place in msec to sec order. Therefore, proteins fold not via a random search but a more ...
Protein Synthesis
... Another special codon found in mRNA stops the chain of amino acids and indicates the protein is complete. These codons are called ________________. There are only 3 of the codons: _______; ________ and _______. We are always going to assume that the coding side of DNA will be the __________ side. Op ...
... Another special codon found in mRNA stops the chain of amino acids and indicates the protein is complete. These codons are called ________________. There are only 3 of the codons: _______; ________ and _______. We are always going to assume that the coding side of DNA will be the __________ side. Op ...
Amino Acid Metabolism
... For this reason, a dietary source of protein is needed to maintain adequate synthesis of protein There is no distinct storage form for amino acids in the body The turnover of some proteins, particularly those in muscle, is ...
... For this reason, a dietary source of protein is needed to maintain adequate synthesis of protein There is no distinct storage form for amino acids in the body The turnover of some proteins, particularly those in muscle, is ...
DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis
... Using mRNA to Make a Protein • Ribosome “reads” the recipe from the mRNA codon • tRNA molecules bring the amino acids in the correct order according to the codon – Every 3 bases codes for a particular amino acid – Look up the codon on page 303 of textbook to find amino acid • Amino acid sequence det ...
... Using mRNA to Make a Protein • Ribosome “reads” the recipe from the mRNA codon • tRNA molecules bring the amino acids in the correct order according to the codon – Every 3 bases codes for a particular amino acid – Look up the codon on page 303 of textbook to find amino acid • Amino acid sequence det ...
UNIT 4 STUDY GUIDE: Energetics
... Review Questions: Answer these questions on a separate piece of paper. 1) Draw and label the ATP cycle. 2) Write a balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration and for photosynthesis. 3) Sketch and label a mitochondrion. 4) Create a summary chart to describe the events of: glycolysis, oxidati ...
... Review Questions: Answer these questions on a separate piece of paper. 1) Draw and label the ATP cycle. 2) Write a balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration and for photosynthesis. 3) Sketch and label a mitochondrion. 4) Create a summary chart to describe the events of: glycolysis, oxidati ...
Unit 1 Chemistry Study Guide
... Which element is the most abundant in the dry weight of humans? What type of isomers have variations in their arrangement around a double bond? How do glucose & fructose differ? What type of bonds do carbon atoms form? Be able to recognize these functional groups --- carbonyl, sulfhydryl, methyl, ph ...
... Which element is the most abundant in the dry weight of humans? What type of isomers have variations in their arrangement around a double bond? How do glucose & fructose differ? What type of bonds do carbon atoms form? Be able to recognize these functional groups --- carbonyl, sulfhydryl, methyl, ph ...
Molecular_files/Translation Transcription
... – A codon = a 3 nucleotide base sequence – Each codon codes for an amino acid – Should have 64 different codons (4 nucleotide choices, 3 bases) but only 20 amino acids- why? ...
... – A codon = a 3 nucleotide base sequence – Each codon codes for an amino acid – Should have 64 different codons (4 nucleotide choices, 3 bases) but only 20 amino acids- why? ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.