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Intro to Bioinformatics
Intro to Bioinformatics

Amino acid composition of the aerial part of G. pratense L., G
Amino acid composition of the aerial part of G. pratense L., G

... Typically, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is used for the analysis of amino acids [3]. Amino acids lack chromophores and do not give a UV-Vis response, hence amino acids require derivatization prior to HPLC analysis performed with UV-Vis detectors. A method to determine free amino aci ...
homology modeling
homology modeling

... • Want to identify the function of genes we find, and what different mutations/alleles do • One gene = one protein (sort of) – Function of protein = function of gene ...
university of agricultural sciences
university of agricultural sciences

... - Activities to promote university and to increase cooperation with business area; -Involvement in civic and cultural activities; -Other activities for improving theoretical and practical skills of the students. Topics for public lecture themes ...
chapter9_powerpoint
chapter9_powerpoint

... Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed gly ...
Atomic Structure, Molecular Structure & Bonding
Atomic Structure, Molecular Structure & Bonding

... In a neutral molecule, the sum of the FCs = zero. For an ion, the sum of the FCs = the charge of the ion. ...
oxidation, reduction, redox potential, citric acid cycle, respiratory
oxidation, reduction, redox potential, citric acid cycle, respiratory

... Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are high reactive atoms or molecules containing free unpaired electrons. ROS include reactive molecules such are oxygen radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical OH. and superoxide O2-. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) have similar characteristic and function ...
What does DNA stand for?
What does DNA stand for?

... segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3’-5’ direction by DNA polymerase. Okazaki Fragments ...
Name: Date: Transcription and Translation Worksheet – ANSWER
Name: Date: Transcription and Translation Worksheet – ANSWER

... 6) If a substitution occurred to the 6th base in the DNA template strand, such that cytosine was changed to thymine, would the final protein change? Why? No. Initially, the DNA strand had the triplet TTC – this created the mRNA codon AAG. If we change the template to TTT, the new codon would be AAA. ...
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis

... History of glycolysis 1897 − Hans Buchner & Edward Buchner: ● sucrose added to cell-free extracts of yeast results in the formation of alcohol. fermentation can occur outside living cells. 1905 − Arthur Harden & William Young: ● glucose added to yeast extract results in an immediate start of the fe ...
Mr. Tuan Hoang - Molecular and Cellular Biology
Mr. Tuan Hoang - Molecular and Cellular Biology

... central nervous system. However, with the exception of thermogenesis, no definite physiological role has been assigned to UCPs, and their structure and specific functions are poorly understood. The main goal of this study is to explore the structure and functional properties of mammalian UCPs, with ...
DNA Review - East Pennsboro High School
DNA Review - East Pennsboro High School

... segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3’-5’ direction by DNA polymerase. Okazaki Fragments ...
Open Reading Frames and Codon Bias in Streptomyces coelicolor
Open Reading Frames and Codon Bias in Streptomyces coelicolor

... R. H. Author is with Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute & Dept. of Structural Biology, Buffalo, 73 High St., Buffalo, NY 14203, USA (phone: 716-898-8600; fax: 716-898-8660; email: [email protected]) W. L. D. Author is with Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute & Dept. of Stru ...
Homework Exercises
Homework Exercises

... 2. What happens to the rate of a reaction if the concentration of the reactants is decreased? ...
Peroxisomal oxidation of fatty acids
Peroxisomal oxidation of fatty acids

... Peroxisomal enzymes are up-regulated when fat rich diets are consumed. Generally very long chain fatty acids diffuse into peroxisomes, get acivated by long chain fatty acylCoA synthase and then they are oxidized to short chain FA. ...
Transcription &amp
Transcription &

... mRNA: ________________________ 2. DNA: TAC GGG ACA GGT ATT mRNA: ________________________ 3. DNA: TAC CCT ATG CCA ATC mRNA: ________________________ ...
NME2.31 - Energy Production
NME2.31 - Energy Production

... o Chemically equivalent to the cytosol; contains kinases utilising ATP The inner membrane encloses a central large space called the matrix o Contains many hundreds of enzymes including those involved in oxidation o Site of mtDNA replication, synthesis and utilisation ...
Lecture20_Translation
Lecture20_Translation

... All tRNAs share the following: 1) 5’ phosphate group 2) 7 bp stem that includes the 5’ phosphate group. This is called the Acceptor Stem on the Amino Acid Arm 3) The D Arm which contains dihydrouridine 4) 5 bp stem that contains the anticodon loop called the Anticodon Arm 5) 5 bp stem containing the ...
Study Materials
Study Materials

... The metabolism in animals result in formation of some waste substances or  excretory substance. Carbohydrates and lipid contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen  whereas protein and nucleic acid contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen.   Metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids results in the formati ...
The Point is to Make ATP!
The Point is to Make ATP!

... Overview of cellular respiration Aerobic respiration  As pyruvate moves into the mitochondria, multiple steps occur Link Reaction (prepares pyruvate to move through ...
Insulin Glucagon
Insulin Glucagon

... You will make a presentation of 5-8 minutes. It will be presented in class the 16th of april.  You should also write down a summary of 2-3 pages (with references in APA format) and present it the 11th of april (it should be send to me by phidias). I will correct them and send them to the whole cla ...
Lab Module 8: Phenol-Red Carbohydrate Fermentation Broths
Lab Module 8: Phenol-Red Carbohydrate Fermentation Broths

Basis of Cell Structure and Function
Basis of Cell Structure and Function

... That is, the different cells within the body perform different jobs for functions. • Due to the differences in function of the cells we are can see great diversity in cell: • 1. Size • 2. Shape Of Cells • Cell Size • Cells vary in size from the smallest bacteria (1 micrometer) to the largest cell, a ...
NAME: OKOH OSEMEYEKEH PATRICK LEVEL: 300LEVEL DEPT
NAME: OKOH OSEMEYEKEH PATRICK LEVEL: 300LEVEL DEPT

... Energy metabolism RED CELL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE RBCs must be able to squeeze through some tight spots in microcirculation (capillaries). For that RBCs must be easily & reversibly deformable. Its membrane must be both fluid& flexible. Membrane of the Human Red Blood Cell • About 50% of membrane is prot ...
Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules
Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules

... • The animal cell plasma membrane resting potential is generated by the ATP-powered Na+/K+ pump and nongated K+ channels. • The structure and chemical nature of a channel pore lowers the activation energy for passage of a specific ion over other ions, which may be even smaller. • Patch-clamping tech ...
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Biochemistry



Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.
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