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CHM325
CHM325

... protein is shown in the lower left-side of the screen. Using this technique, identify the cofactors and ligands found in this protein structure and answer the following questions. First enlarge the structure to get a good view of the active site of the protein. See the following figure of the active ...
Microbial Nutrition
Microbial Nutrition

... Exact chemical composition is not known Often consist of plant or animal extracts, such as soybean meal, milk protein, etc. Include most routine laboratory media, e.g., tryptic soy broth ...
Lecture - Ch 25-7
Lecture - Ch 25-7

... • Polysaccharide that serves the same energy storage function in animals that starch serves in plants • Highly branched and larger than amylopectin-up to 100,000 glucose units ...
LN_atoms_etc
LN_atoms_etc

... Modern View of Atomic Structure Experiments by Thomson and Millikan confirmed the existence of electrons as the negatively charged particles within an atom. Electrons have a charge of e = 1.6021773  10–19 C and a mass of 9.109390  10–31 kg. Later experiments by Rutherford determined that at the ce ...
Enzymes are macromolecules that help accelerate (catalyze
Enzymes are macromolecules that help accelerate (catalyze

... enzyme goes through. An example ...
Glycerolipids and Glycerophospholipids
Glycerolipids and Glycerophospholipids

... • PS decarboxylase in the mitochondria can convert PS to PE – Bacteria can do this too! • A calcium-activated transferase can exchange ethanolamine for the serine of PS – This reaction occurs in the ER and Golgi • In mammals, PE can undergo 3 successive methylations to yield PC – This reaction occur ...
Abstract Submission Form
Abstract Submission Form

Align sequence to structure - Computational Bioscience Program
Align sequence to structure - Computational Bioscience Program

Membranes Reading Guide
Membranes Reading Guide

... 1. What does selective permeability mean and why is that important to cells? Selective permeability means that it is a selective barrier, which allows passage of certain materials (waste, water, oxygen, nutrients, etc.) but not others, or at least some may pass more easily. It allows a cell to discr ...
CreaPrime™ Blend
CreaPrime™ Blend

... N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is derived from the non-essential amino acid cysteine. Because cysteine is very unstable, supplementing with NAC allows one to get the benefits of cysteine. NAC is an antioxidant itself (Aruoma, 1989) and is also used to synthesize the antioxidant glutathoine. Glutathione is ...
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... again, except the liver and the kidneys (where gluconeogenesis occurs)  The way this works is that G-6-P gets transported into the endoplasmic reticulum and then a membrane bound enzyme (glucose 6-phosphatase) cleaves off the phosphate, the glucose gets into the lumen of the ER, gets packaged into ...
Exam Review
Exam Review

... c) Al(NO3)3 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) d) CuSO4 (aq) + NH4Cl (aq) 10. Write the net ionic equation for each of the following: a) BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq)  BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq) b) CuSO4(aq) + 2 AgNO3(aq)  Ag2SO4(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) c) Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq)  PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq) 11. Write a balanced chemica ...
Lecture 9: Biological Pathway Simulation
Lecture 9: Biological Pathway Simulation

... 1. Dynamic nature of biological networks. Biological pathway is more than a topological linkage of molecular networks. Pathway models can be based on network characteristics including those of invariant features. ...
DN A:The Master Molecule of Life
DN A:The Master Molecule of Life

... around and around one another creating a shape called a double helix. Each of the two DNA strands is made up of smaller chemical subunits called nucleotides which are joined together, one after another, in a very precise order.Only four different subunits are used in DNA but each one can be found te ...
Aerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration

Lesson Plan - Colorado FFA
Lesson Plan - Colorado FFA

... side is for the student. They can write questions or comments in this section. Additionally, each time the notes change to a new topic have them switch the color of pen they are using. This makes it simple for them to quickly find information during reviews. Finally, take the last two to three minut ...
evidence of common ancestry
evidence of common ancestry

... become organic monomers, such as amino acids, sugars, phosphates, and bases. The more difficult problem was describing how these simple chemical systems became complex enough to form organisms—how did monomers become polymers, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. In the 1980s, American scient ...
Document
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... Cofactor – additional chemical component needed for catalysis. - often an inorganic metal ion (mineral). Coenzyme – complex organic molecule needed for catalysis. - often a vitamin. ...
Class Outline 1. Understanding polynucleotide structure (Read) 2
Class Outline 1. Understanding polynucleotide structure (Read) 2

... I will talk about HIV in class, so if you haven’t heard much about the virus- it is truly fascinating and I would look up the Wikipedia page here. Reverse transcription is a transcription reaction in retroviruses (e.g. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)) used to make a DNA molecule from an RNA templ ...
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose

... as a priming step, and provides the energy required to form the glycoside bond in glycogen. Note that UTP is thus acting as a metabolic energy-containing molecule in the same way that ATP does. Although ATP is most frequently used, all of the nucleotides normally present in RNA are also used for met ...
H - Free
H - Free

... Between charged groups on the biological receptor and oppositely charged groups on the transducer surface. These are mainly used for immobilisation of DNA. 3.2 Physical adsorption to the surface Many materials (e.g. glass, gold, silica gel) adsorb proteins on their surfaces. No reagents are required ...
ah-bio-unit-1-revision-questions
ah-bio-unit-1-revision-questions

... 48. What is meant by the N-terminus and the C-terminus? 49. What are the 2 main types of secondary structure? 50. How are these different arrangements generated? 51. Describe the structure and arrangement of the -helix. 52. Describe the -sheet configuration. 53. -sheets can be either parallel or ...
document
document

... •Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases must perform their tasks with high accuracy, since every mistake will result in a misplaced amino acid when new proteins are constructed. •These enzymes make about one mistake in 10,000. For most amino acids, this level of accuracy is not too difficult to achieve. •Most o ...
From DNA to Protein Structure and Function - Science Take-Out
From DNA to Protein Structure and Function - Science Take-Out

... The protein that you eat in food is digested into amino acids. These amino acids are then used by your cells to build many different kinds of new proteins. These proteins are worker ...
The energy systems - TrackandFieldScience.com
The energy systems - TrackandFieldScience.com

... Aerobic glycolysis refers to the transfer of pyruvate into the mitochondria. In this way the aerobic energy system makes use of large stores of glycogen in the body for ATP production. The byproducts are water and carbon dioxide that the muscles cells expel into the blood. This expulsion of these wa ...
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Biochemistry



Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.
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