Chapter 4 - University of Amsterdam
... long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol to mitochondria as well as the transfer of the products of peroxisomal β-oxidation, i.e. shortened fatty acids and acetyl units to the mitochondria. Additional (related) roles of carnitine include modulation of the acylCoA/CoA ratio, storage of energy (in the ...
... long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol to mitochondria as well as the transfer of the products of peroxisomal β-oxidation, i.e. shortened fatty acids and acetyl units to the mitochondria. Additional (related) roles of carnitine include modulation of the acylCoA/CoA ratio, storage of energy (in the ...
Chapter 12
... medications. They advise doctors and patients about proper use, harmful combinations, and possible side-effects. Although pharmaceutical companies supply most medicines, pharmacists may do the actual mixing of ingredients to form powders, tablets, capsules, ointments, and solutions. ...
... medications. They advise doctors and patients about proper use, harmful combinations, and possible side-effects. Although pharmaceutical companies supply most medicines, pharmacists may do the actual mixing of ingredients to form powders, tablets, capsules, ointments, and solutions. ...
... of high-fat fed mice ........................................................................... 94 4.2.1. Pparδ expression in the skeletal muscle............................... 94 4.2.2. Body weight gain and adiposity ........................................... 95 4.2.3. Hepatic triglyceride conten ...
Factor IXHollywood
... factor IX,,, since its amino acid composition is the same as that of factor IX, with one exception, ie, Pro to Ala change (see Results). Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor preparation was made by gel filtration of Cutter Koate (Cutter Biologics, Berkley, CA) as described earlier: It was activated wit ...
... factor IX,,, since its amino acid composition is the same as that of factor IX, with one exception, ie, Pro to Ala change (see Results). Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor preparation was made by gel filtration of Cutter Koate (Cutter Biologics, Berkley, CA) as described earlier: It was activated wit ...
Formation and breakdown of ABA
... Fig. 1. Overall scheme for (1)-abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism in a representative higher plant cell. The first biosynthetic steps from zeaxanthin to violaxanthin leading to epoxycarotenoid cleavage take place in the plastid. The cleavage product, xanthoxin, leaves the plastid (by an unknown mechanis ...
... Fig. 1. Overall scheme for (1)-abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism in a representative higher plant cell. The first biosynthetic steps from zeaxanthin to violaxanthin leading to epoxycarotenoid cleavage take place in the plastid. The cleavage product, xanthoxin, leaves the plastid (by an unknown mechanis ...
Purification of Arrestin from Bovine Retinas
... freshly bleached phosphorylated rhodopsin occurs rapidly (<200 msec) and quenches the activation of G protein (transducin) (1-4). We have shown that arrestin also acts in the phototransduction process by blocking rapid dephosphorylation of phosphorylated and photolyzed rhodopsin until activated rhod ...
... freshly bleached phosphorylated rhodopsin occurs rapidly (<200 msec) and quenches the activation of G protein (transducin) (1-4). We have shown that arrestin also acts in the phototransduction process by blocking rapid dephosphorylation of phosphorylated and photolyzed rhodopsin until activated rhod ...
Biochemistry 1997 Baird
... decreased 150-fold compared to CA II. The catalytic mechanisms of CA II and CA IV are nearly identical. Both isozymes show similar dependence on buffer concentration with the rate-limiting step at high buffer concentration being intramolecular proton transfer, although the intramolecular proton tran ...
... decreased 150-fold compared to CA II. The catalytic mechanisms of CA II and CA IV are nearly identical. Both isozymes show similar dependence on buffer concentration with the rate-limiting step at high buffer concentration being intramolecular proton transfer, although the intramolecular proton tran ...
BIOTRANSFORMATION OF DRUGS
... Oxygenation involves insertion of an O atom (from O2) into a C-H bond, forming a hydroxylated metabolite, or into a C=C double bond, forming an epoxide. A hydroxylated metabolite may be stable, or unstable. From an unstable hydroxylated metabolite a group may break off spontaneously: an alkyl group, ...
... Oxygenation involves insertion of an O atom (from O2) into a C-H bond, forming a hydroxylated metabolite, or into a C=C double bond, forming an epoxide. A hydroxylated metabolite may be stable, or unstable. From an unstable hydroxylated metabolite a group may break off spontaneously: an alkyl group, ...
PDF
... in insects. It also deals with effects and mode of action of, as well as development of resistance to, insecticides. It is multidisciplinary and involves (1) entomology—anatomy, morphology, taxonomy; (2) chemistry (of inorganic and organic insecticides); (3) insect biochemistry; (4) insect ecology—c ...
... in insects. It also deals with effects and mode of action of, as well as development of resistance to, insecticides. It is multidisciplinary and involves (1) entomology—anatomy, morphology, taxonomy; (2) chemistry (of inorganic and organic insecticides); (3) insect biochemistry; (4) insect ecology—c ...
AS Chemistry - Edexcel
... References to third party material made in these sample assessment materials are made in good faith. Pearson does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content of materials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein. (Material may include textbooks, journals, ...
... References to third party material made in these sample assessment materials are made in good faith. Pearson does not endorse, approve or accept responsibility for the content of materials, which may be subject to change, or any opinions expressed therein. (Material may include textbooks, journals, ...
to view all Chemistry Minors - Eastern Washington University
... General Science Add-On Endorsement –65 credits To improve the marketability of the science teacher, students may wish to complete this option in addition to their BAE in Biology, Chemistry, Earth Science or Physics. This add-on satisfies the endorsement and allows teachers to teach any science for g ...
... General Science Add-On Endorsement –65 credits To improve the marketability of the science teacher, students may wish to complete this option in addition to their BAE in Biology, Chemistry, Earth Science or Physics. This add-on satisfies the endorsement and allows teachers to teach any science for g ...
Multiple-choice questions : 1. Which of the following solutions
... against a standard solution of sulphuric acid with phenolphthalein as an indicator. Which of the following statements concerning this experiment is/ are correct? (1) The colour of phenolphthalein changes from colourless to pink at the end point. (2) The colour of phenolphthalein changes from pink to ...
... against a standard solution of sulphuric acid with phenolphthalein as an indicator. Which of the following statements concerning this experiment is/ are correct? (1) The colour of phenolphthalein changes from colourless to pink at the end point. (2) The colour of phenolphthalein changes from pink to ...
- Catalyst
... 1. Determine what reaction is occurring. What are the reactants, products, and physical states ...
... 1. Determine what reaction is occurring. What are the reactants, products, and physical states ...
Bile acids activate ryanodine receptors in pancreatic acinar cells via
... suggest that bile acids trigger excessive Ca2+ release by directly opening RyRs too, this possibility remains to be tested, because alternatively, RyR might be activated indirectly via Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release (CICR) mechanism by the Ca2+ , released from acidic vesicles through NAADP receptor Ca2+ ...
... suggest that bile acids trigger excessive Ca2+ release by directly opening RyRs too, this possibility remains to be tested, because alternatively, RyR might be activated indirectly via Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release (CICR) mechanism by the Ca2+ , released from acidic vesicles through NAADP receptor Ca2+ ...
2.2. Garrido-Franco, M. Structure E. coli
... the two active site residues Phe133 and Glu153. (b) Detailed active site architecture of the closed EP form. For clarity, the carbon atoms of the ligands and the Cα-trace of loop 4 are shown in yellow, water molecules as blue balls and the backbone of the P1-binding site constructed by loops 7 and 8 ...
... the two active site residues Phe133 and Glu153. (b) Detailed active site architecture of the closed EP form. For clarity, the carbon atoms of the ligands and the Cα-trace of loop 4 are shown in yellow, water molecules as blue balls and the backbone of the P1-binding site constructed by loops 7 and 8 ...
Sodasorb Manual - Shearwater Research
... anesthetic agents, apparatus, and techniques of an ever- growing global scale. The result will be products which are safer, faster, and easier to use by health care professionals, while also fine tuned to improve overall patient safety and comfort. In the beginning stages of anesthesia development, ...
... anesthetic agents, apparatus, and techniques of an ever- growing global scale. The result will be products which are safer, faster, and easier to use by health care professionals, while also fine tuned to improve overall patient safety and comfort. In the beginning stages of anesthesia development, ...
Entropy and Free Energy
... listing. The units of entropy are J/K ∙ mol. We use joules rather than kilojoules because entropy values typically are quite small. The entropies of substances (elements and compounds) are always positive (i.e., S > 0), even for elements in their standard states. (Recall that the standard enthalpy o ...
... listing. The units of entropy are J/K ∙ mol. We use joules rather than kilojoules because entropy values typically are quite small. The entropies of substances (elements and compounds) are always positive (i.e., S > 0), even for elements in their standard states. (Recall that the standard enthalpy o ...
Supramolecular Chemistry—Scope and Perspectives Molecules
... coordination. Supramolecular catalysis by receptors bearing reactive groups effects bond cleavage reactions as well as synthetic bond formation via cocatalysis. Lipophilic receptor molecules act as selective carriers for various substrates and make it possible to set up coupled transport processes l ...
... coordination. Supramolecular catalysis by receptors bearing reactive groups effects bond cleavage reactions as well as synthetic bond formation via cocatalysis. Lipophilic receptor molecules act as selective carriers for various substrates and make it possible to set up coupled transport processes l ...
TP_2005AM - University of Washington
... glands are located on the ventral side of the abdomen towards the rear, which are termed spinnerets. Spiders can have up to six spinnerets, with some having four or even two. Many other insects produce protective silk as larvae with their malpighian tubules or with modified salivary or labial glands ...
... glands are located on the ventral side of the abdomen towards the rear, which are termed spinnerets. Spiders can have up to six spinnerets, with some having four or even two. Many other insects produce protective silk as larvae with their malpighian tubules or with modified salivary or labial glands ...
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification
... The stability of some of the resulting conjugates, particularly those with a 1-S-3-carbonyl motif, may be compromised under certain conditions due to retro-Michael side-reactions and other thiol-promoted exchange processes,16 yet this issue can be minimized by reducing the electron-withdrawing keton ...
... The stability of some of the resulting conjugates, particularly those with a 1-S-3-carbonyl motif, may be compromised under certain conditions due to retro-Michael side-reactions and other thiol-promoted exchange processes,16 yet this issue can be minimized by reducing the electron-withdrawing keton ...
Amino Acid-Protecting Groups
... first “modern” protecting group was the benzylozycarbonyl (Z) developed by Bergmann and Zervas.4 Z fits with the main characteristics associated with a protecting group: (i) it is easily introduced into the functional group; (ii) it is stable to a broad range of reaction conditions; and (iii) it is ...
... first “modern” protecting group was the benzylozycarbonyl (Z) developed by Bergmann and Zervas.4 Z fits with the main characteristics associated with a protecting group: (i) it is easily introduced into the functional group; (ii) it is stable to a broad range of reaction conditions; and (iii) it is ...
Acute hibernation decreases myocardial pyruvate carboxylation and
... latter was calculated from the myocardial oxygen consumption (MV̇O2) and the stoichiometric relationships between oxygen consumption and citrate formation from fat and carbohydrate as previously described (21). Statistical analysis. Data are presented as means ⫾ SE. The hemodynamic variables were co ...
... latter was calculated from the myocardial oxygen consumption (MV̇O2) and the stoichiometric relationships between oxygen consumption and citrate formation from fat and carbohydrate as previously described (21). Statistical analysis. Data are presented as means ⫾ SE. The hemodynamic variables were co ...
Preparatory Problems of the 40th IChO - IChO-2016
... equals 32 °F, whereas 100 °C is 212 °F. Help Watson figure out what was in the box. What could it possibly have been intended for? ...
... equals 32 °F, whereas 100 °C is 212 °F. Help Watson figure out what was in the box. What could it possibly have been intended for? ...
Identification and expression of GH
... 0377BP (Choi et al., 2004), which are classed as GH-8 chitosanases. Based on this result, two further primers (BTMO-F and BTMO-R) were designed and PCR reactions were performed with the chromosomal DNAs of all 29 B. thuringiensis strains. As summarized in Table 1, PCR products were obtained from eac ...
... 0377BP (Choi et al., 2004), which are classed as GH-8 chitosanases. Based on this result, two further primers (BTMO-F and BTMO-R) were designed and PCR reactions were performed with the chromosomal DNAs of all 29 B. thuringiensis strains. As summarized in Table 1, PCR products were obtained from eac ...
Enzyme Inhibition and Bioapplications
... with examples and analysis relevant to a wide range of more commonly available enzyme inhibition techniques. The methods and concepts described in this book are aimed at giving the reader a glimpse of some existing enzyme inhibition studies and also methods with context of each enzyme inhibition met ...
... with examples and analysis relevant to a wide range of more commonly available enzyme inhibition techniques. The methods and concepts described in this book are aimed at giving the reader a glimpse of some existing enzyme inhibition studies and also methods with context of each enzyme inhibition met ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.