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The Major Component of the Paraflagellar Rod of Trypanosoma
The Major Component of the Paraflagellar Rod of Trypanosoma

... similarity to the intermediate filament proteins (solubility properties, amino acid composition, and high degree of helicity), the PFR protein does not belong in this class of cytoskeletal proteins. The PFR protein is coded for by two tandemly linked genes of identical nucleotide sequence. Both gene ...
Lactose/D-Galactose
Lactose/D-Galactose

... lactose (molecular weight 342.3), which can be recommended, and on the basis of lactose monohydrate (molecular weight 360.32). When comparing data, one has to make sure that the same molecular weight has been used for the calculation (figures for lactose monohydrate are 5% higher than those for anhy ...
Lactose/D-Galactose
Lactose/D-Galactose

... lactose (molecular weight 342.3), which can be recommended, and on the basis of lactose monohydrate (molecular weight 360.32). When comparing data, one has to make sure that the same molecular weight has been used for the calculation (figures for lactose monohydrate are 5% higher than those for anhy ...
Medicinal Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry

... approaches all focused on the ultimate goal of drug discovery, medicinal chemistry omics international - list of highly accessed peer reviewed open access articles in medicinal chemistry 2014 journal rank impact factors and indexing, department of medicinal chemistry college of pharmacy - the depart ...
engineering chemistry
engineering chemistry

... 'atomos', meaning 'unable to be cut'. The original meaning of atom was the smallest, indivisible form of a chemical particle. Now we know how to divide atoms into sub-atomic particles, the definition of an atom includes the concept that the particle must retain its chemical properties. ATOM An Atom ...
Biodegradation of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid by a Newly
Biodegradation of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid by a Newly

... because, cyanuric acid is a key intermediate in the metabolic pathway for melamine, it is nephrotoxic, and the cleavage of its ring is the rate-limiting step in the degradation process. The microorganisms present in soil were collected from 100 different places in three prefectures in Japan, and wer ...
Overview of relaxin
Overview of relaxin

... synthesis and maintainence of collagen, our primary connective tissue protein. Every part of our body and virtually every body function is thus affected or potentially influenced by relaxin. Muscle/tendon and ligament integrity, nerve conductivity, heart beat regularity, and even bone health all are ...
Biochemical, biophysical and interaction studies of the stress
Biochemical, biophysical and interaction studies of the stress

... advice on PhD related issues and CD experiments. Also I would like to thank Dr Marija Kristic Demonacos for her help when carrying out the molecular cloning aspect of this project and letting me work on her bench space, also providing me with an hSTRAP construct (pHA1-hSTRAP(1-440)) which was used i ...
Regulation of the phosphotransferase system (PTS)
Regulation of the phosphotransferase system (PTS)

... phosphorylation often occurs during the uptake of the sugar into the cell, as it will be described more explicitly below (1.3). Next, glucose-6-phosphate is transformed to fructose6-phosphate (F6P) by the enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase (encoded by pgi) (Fig. 1). F6P is phosphorylated by phosphofructok ...
CYP-450
CYP-450

... pharmacokinetics of drugs, which in turn can influence the efficacy and side-effect profile of these compounds.  The chemical nature and means of identification of these biotransformations have been well known for many years, but in recent years major advances have been made in the understanding of ...
5 Steps
5 Steps

... Welcome to the AP Chemistry Five-Step Program. The fact that you are reading this preface suggests that you will be taking the AP exam in chemistry. The AP Chemistry exam is constantly evolving and so this guide has evolved. In this edition, we have updated the book to match the new AP Chemistry exa ...
Purification and Characterization of Two Thermostable Proteases
Purification and Characterization of Two Thermostable Proteases

... [40] purified a thiol protease from T. lanuginosus. Its molecular mass is 23.7 kDa. Hasnain et al. [17] purified a protease from T. lanuginosus. The proteinase is a thiolcontaining serine proteinase with a molecular mass of 38 kDa. Partial characteristics of proteases from these fungi are listed in ...
Composition and Evolution of Interstellar Clouds
Composition and Evolution of Interstellar Clouds

... HIM and WIM, i.e., the shocks and pressures from ionized gas, can sweep up and compress WNM or shear apart CNM diffuse clouds. Hence, primarily supernovae, and to a lesser extent stellar winds, are responsible for the turbulent nature of the ISM, the multiple components of the ISM, and the structure ...
Technical Brief
Technical Brief

... The first paper from Cicely Williams, originally published in 1933, remained understandably circumspect regarding the origin of the disease. 6 It noted simply that it is frequently associated with a monotonous maize-based diet and concludes with the following statement: “Breast milk is probably defi ...
Further studies on the new coomassie brilliant blue G-250 - K-REx
Further studies on the new coomassie brilliant blue G-250 - K-REx

... Consequently, it was decided to investigate the potential of this dye more fully than it had been dealt with in Bradford's report. ...
Chapter 6 Quantities in Chemical Reactions
Chapter 6 Quantities in Chemical Reactions

... When the disengaged gasses are carefully examined, they are found to weigh 113.7 grs.; these are of two kinds, viz. 144 cubical inches of carbonic acid gas, weighing 100 grs. and 380 cubical inches of a very light gas, weighing only 13.7 grs.…and, when the water which has passed over into the bottle ...
Landick R, Yanofsky C. 1987. Transcription
Landick R, Yanofsky C. 1987. Transcription

... attenuator. This decision is based on the cellular level of charged tRNA Trp. Under starvation conditions, in which all tRNATrp essentially is uncharged, the rate of read through transcription at the attenuator increases about eightfold over the rate observed when tRNATrp is fully charged. We do not ...
sample
sample

... 6. During the swing of a frictionless pendulum, what energy form(s) remain constant? A) kinetic energy only B) potential energy only C) both kinetic energy and potential energy D) kinetic plus potential energy E) None of the above forms remains constant. Ans: D Difficulty: H 7. The most significant ...
STOICHIOMETRY via ChemLog - Small
STOICHIOMETRY via ChemLog - Small

... When carrying out a chemical reaction, we may use the exact amount of each reactant needed. Or, we may use an excess of some reactants and a limited amount of others. We may do this if one reactant is very expensive and others are inexpensive so that we can use all of the expensive compound. It can ...
Institute for Competitive Examinations
Institute for Competitive Examinations

... 10. No candidate, without special permission of the Superintendent or Invigilator, would leave his/her seat. 11. The candidates should not leave the Examination Hall without handing over their Answer Sheet to the Invigilator on duty and sign the Attendance Sheet twice. Cases where a candidate has no ...
Solving Problems: A Chemistry Handbook
Solving Problems: A Chemistry Handbook

... CHAPTER ...
Studies of the Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry of the
Studies of the Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry of the

... now known to be principally IAA (64), is stable to heating in acid in crude extracts of cabbage leaves and for this reason was once held to be an auxin different from IAA[Link et al. (81)]. Several new and powerful methods are now available for the chemical characterization of a native plant growth ...
An Investigation of Acetobacter aceti N5
An Investigation of Acetobacter aceti N5

... carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide (CAIR). A series of mutants was made to explore the role of two conserved histidines. A pH-rate comparison of AaPurE and the active mutant AaPurE-H59D was used to identify His59 as the key active site acid/base residue. The thermostability of Escherichia coli Pu ...
Charge transfer reactions between gas
Charge transfer reactions between gas

... perform electrochemical measurements directly in the gas phase, using multiply charged hydrated cations recombining with free electrons.25,26 We have recently established a variant of nanocalorimetry which allows us to measure the thermochemistry of ion-molecule reactions of hydrated ions in a Fouri ...
SCH4U TEXT BOOK
SCH4U TEXT BOOK

... from living things. In 1828, however, the German chemist Friedrich Wohler (1800–1882) made an organic compound called urea, CO(NH2)2 , out of an inorganic compound called ammonium cyanate, NH4CN. Urea is found in the urine of mammals. This was the first time in history that a compound normally made ...
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Biochemistry



Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.
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