Slide 1
... Carbohydrates range from small sugar molecules (monomers) to large polysaccharides. Sugar monomers are monosaccharides, such as those found in honey, – glucose, and ...
... Carbohydrates range from small sugar molecules (monomers) to large polysaccharides. Sugar monomers are monosaccharides, such as those found in honey, – glucose, and ...
Chapter 21
... oxygen in blood (four molecules of O2). • CO is poisonous because it binds 200 times more strongly to the Fe2+ than does O2 (Cells can die from lack of O2). ...
... oxygen in blood (four molecules of O2). • CO is poisonous because it binds 200 times more strongly to the Fe2+ than does O2 (Cells can die from lack of O2). ...
... By the end of this section you should be able to: Identify ATP as the high energy compound which transfers energy, and is produced when ADP combines with phosphate in phosphorylation, building up energy, and releases energy when broken down into ADP and phosphate once more. State that cells use high ...
SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY Citric Acid Cycle
... Formation of Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA is a metabolic intermediate that can be produced from amino acids, glucose (via pyruvate), and fatty acids ...
... Formation of Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA is a metabolic intermediate that can be produced from amino acids, glucose (via pyruvate), and fatty acids ...
2: Enzymes
... It is also important to observe the behaviour of polar and nonpolar side groups. Polar groups are hydrophilic, and so lie on the outside of the protein, whilst non-polar, hydrophobic groups tend to lie on the inside, insulated from water. ...
... It is also important to observe the behaviour of polar and nonpolar side groups. Polar groups are hydrophilic, and so lie on the outside of the protein, whilst non-polar, hydrophobic groups tend to lie on the inside, insulated from water. ...
The Citric Acid Cycle
... two molecules of CO2, one molecule of GTP, and highenergy electrons in the form of NADH and FADH2. ...
... two molecules of CO2, one molecule of GTP, and highenergy electrons in the form of NADH and FADH2. ...
Guided reading Ch 9- ENERGY IN A CELL
... a. As sunlight strikes chlorophyll molecules in the photosystem 2 the energy from the light is transferred to ________________ from chlorophyll that are stripped and passed onto an _____________ ___________ chain, a series of proteins embedded in the ______________ membrane of the chloroplast. As el ...
... a. As sunlight strikes chlorophyll molecules in the photosystem 2 the energy from the light is transferred to ________________ from chlorophyll that are stripped and passed onto an _____________ ___________ chain, a series of proteins embedded in the ______________ membrane of the chloroplast. As el ...
Tutorial 3 (Ans Scheme) ERT 317, Sem 1 2015/2016
... molecule of ADP to form ATP. This happens for each molecule of 1,3bisphosphoglycerate. The process yields two 3-phosphoglycerate molecules and two ATP molecules. 2 molecules of 1,3-bisphoshoglycerate (C3H4O4P2) + phosphoglycerokinase + 2 ADP → 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (C3H5O4P1) + 2 ATP Ste ...
... molecule of ADP to form ATP. This happens for each molecule of 1,3bisphosphoglycerate. The process yields two 3-phosphoglycerate molecules and two ATP molecules. 2 molecules of 1,3-bisphoshoglycerate (C3H4O4P2) + phosphoglycerokinase + 2 ADP → 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (C3H5O4P1) + 2 ATP Ste ...
Unit 3 * Molecular Genetics
... # 3 Life as it exists today is the product of evolution: the change in the genomic composition of populations of organisms over time. The course of evolutionary change is directed by natural selection. Evolution by means of natural selection is the most important unifying theme in biology. It explai ...
... # 3 Life as it exists today is the product of evolution: the change in the genomic composition of populations of organisms over time. The course of evolutionary change is directed by natural selection. Evolution by means of natural selection is the most important unifying theme in biology. It explai ...
EXPLORING PROTEIN STRUCTURE
... eat a burger (vege or beef), you break the proteins down into single amino acids ready for use in building new proteins. And yes, proteins have the job of digesting proteins, they are known as proteases. There are only 20 different amino acids but they can be joined together in many different combin ...
... eat a burger (vege or beef), you break the proteins down into single amino acids ready for use in building new proteins. And yes, proteins have the job of digesting proteins, they are known as proteases. There are only 20 different amino acids but they can be joined together in many different combin ...
Case study - Castle High School
... – Lobo, I. (2008) Epistasis: Gene interaction and the phenotypic expression of complex diseases like ...
... – Lobo, I. (2008) Epistasis: Gene interaction and the phenotypic expression of complex diseases like ...
Cellular Respiration
... During fermentation by yeast, pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide and ethanol (an alcohol). The amounts of ethanol and carbon dioxide produced vary with different yeasts and different environmental conditions. In wine-making, grapes are crushed to release the juice which contains sugars. Yeast ...
... During fermentation by yeast, pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide and ethanol (an alcohol). The amounts of ethanol and carbon dioxide produced vary with different yeasts and different environmental conditions. In wine-making, grapes are crushed to release the juice which contains sugars. Yeast ...
How does Information get out of the Nucleus
... Now comes the most interesting part. The sequence of the mRNA was determined by a simple chemical interaction between complementary bases, so that where the DNA had an A, the RNA got a U, and so on. How can an RNA molecule determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein? First of all, can one nuc ...
... Now comes the most interesting part. The sequence of the mRNA was determined by a simple chemical interaction between complementary bases, so that where the DNA had an A, the RNA got a U, and so on. How can an RNA molecule determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein? First of all, can one nuc ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Lose CO2 then reduced by NADH In bacteria and yeast; makes bread, beer, and wine ...
... Lose CO2 then reduced by NADH In bacteria and yeast; makes bread, beer, and wine ...
Enterokinase (E4906)
... CAS RN 9014-74-8 EC 3.4.21.9 Synonym: Enteropeptidase Product Description Enterokinase is a member of the S1 “trypsin-like” endo proteinase family. Native enterokinase is composed of an 800 amino acid heavy chain and a 235 amino acid light chain. This product (E4906) is supplied as the 28 kDa cataly ...
... CAS RN 9014-74-8 EC 3.4.21.9 Synonym: Enteropeptidase Product Description Enterokinase is a member of the S1 “trypsin-like” endo proteinase family. Native enterokinase is composed of an 800 amino acid heavy chain and a 235 amino acid light chain. This product (E4906) is supplied as the 28 kDa cataly ...
Note 4.2 - Aerobic Respiration
... Aerobic Respiration (cellular respiration) is the beak down of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release free energy to create ATP, primary energy source of the cell. Aerobic respiration is made up of four energy releasing pathways; glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, critic acid cycle (Krebs cycle), ...
... Aerobic Respiration (cellular respiration) is the beak down of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release free energy to create ATP, primary energy source of the cell. Aerobic respiration is made up of four energy releasing pathways; glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, critic acid cycle (Krebs cycle), ...
008 Chapter 08 Metabolism: Energy Enzymes and Regulation 1
... 008 Chapter 08 Metabolism: Energy Enzymes and Regulation 1. The amount of heat energy needed to raise 1 gram of water from 14.5C to 15.5C is called a(n) A. joule. B. calorie. C. erg. D. thermal unit. 2. Which of the following is used as an electron carrier by living organisms? A. NAD+ B. NADP+ C. ...
... 008 Chapter 08 Metabolism: Energy Enzymes and Regulation 1. The amount of heat energy needed to raise 1 gram of water from 14.5C to 15.5C is called a(n) A. joule. B. calorie. C. erg. D. thermal unit. 2. Which of the following is used as an electron carrier by living organisms? A. NAD+ B. NADP+ C. ...
Amino acids and proteins
... It is a feature which contributes to the compactness of globular proteins ...
... It is a feature which contributes to the compactness of globular proteins ...
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration
... Produces CO2 and alcohol Live yeast: undergoing anaerobic fermentation Breaking down glucose to form 2ATP ...
... Produces CO2 and alcohol Live yeast: undergoing anaerobic fermentation Breaking down glucose to form 2ATP ...
The Obesity Epidemic: Are Our Tastebuds to Blame? Timothy Gilbertson, Ph.D.
... Nanoparticles are made up of the same lipid molecules that are found in the cells of the body. These nanoparticles are fabricated in a laboratory and once inside the body, can be directed toward specific cells involved in appetite control. Once inside the cell, a person will be satisfied with eating ...
... Nanoparticles are made up of the same lipid molecules that are found in the cells of the body. These nanoparticles are fabricated in a laboratory and once inside the body, can be directed toward specific cells involved in appetite control. Once inside the cell, a person will be satisfied with eating ...
Exams 1,2,3 (drop one) 70%
... and amides. 7. Plan a short chemical synthesis of monofunctional compounds containing the major functional groups listed above. 8. Understand the relationship between polymer molecular structure and the fundamental physical properties of polymeric materials. 9. Understand acid-base equilibria of ami ...
... and amides. 7. Plan a short chemical synthesis of monofunctional compounds containing the major functional groups listed above. 8. Understand the relationship between polymer molecular structure and the fundamental physical properties of polymeric materials. 9. Understand acid-base equilibria of ami ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... At the end of the chain, the electrons are passed to oxygen which then picks up a pair of hydrogen ions, forming water FADH2 adds electrons to the chain starting at complex II Complexes I, III, and IV pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space resulting in a higher concentrat ...
... At the end of the chain, the electrons are passed to oxygen which then picks up a pair of hydrogen ions, forming water FADH2 adds electrons to the chain starting at complex II Complexes I, III, and IV pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space resulting in a higher concentrat ...
115 things you should know for the living environment regents exam
... 1. Amino acids are the individual units that bond together to form a polypeptide (protein). 2. Monosaccharides are the individual units that bond to together to form a polysaccharide (starch). 3. Enzymes are protein molecules that catalyze (help) chemical reactions. 4. The 3-dimensional shape of a m ...
... 1. Amino acids are the individual units that bond together to form a polypeptide (protein). 2. Monosaccharides are the individual units that bond to together to form a polysaccharide (starch). 3. Enzymes are protein molecules that catalyze (help) chemical reactions. 4. The 3-dimensional shape of a m ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.