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6ppt - UCSD Course Websites
... the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol ...
... the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol ...
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
... muscle and adipose tissue. Insulin increases the number and promotes the activity of GLUT-4 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. ...
... muscle and adipose tissue. Insulin increases the number and promotes the activity of GLUT-4 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. ...
of Glycolysis
... • Phosphofructokinase‐ major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Pyruvate kinase •Phosphofructokinase responds to changes in: • Energy state of the cell (high ATP levels inhibit) • H+ concentration (high lactate levels inhibit) • Availability of alternate fuels such as fatty acids, ...
... • Phosphofructokinase‐ major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Pyruvate kinase •Phosphofructokinase responds to changes in: • Energy state of the cell (high ATP levels inhibit) • H+ concentration (high lactate levels inhibit) • Availability of alternate fuels such as fatty acids, ...
Cellular Respiration Releases Energy from Organic Compounds
... a Different Final Electron Acceptor Occurs in some prokaryotic cells Uses another type of electron transport system ...
... a Different Final Electron Acceptor Occurs in some prokaryotic cells Uses another type of electron transport system ...
Ecological speciation model
... Heterofermentative organisms use a pathway with a greater number of redox reactions than Streptococcus. Make very oxidized and very reduced compounds. More NAD(P)H to be reoxidized constrains ATP synthesis, high energy intermediate used as an electron acceptor. Vitamins: essential portions of cofact ...
... Heterofermentative organisms use a pathway with a greater number of redox reactions than Streptococcus. Make very oxidized and very reduced compounds. More NAD(P)H to be reoxidized constrains ATP synthesis, high energy intermediate used as an electron acceptor. Vitamins: essential portions of cofact ...
Test 2
... Stimulation of liver by the hormone glucagon results in several metabolic changes that lead to the increase in glucose synthesis and excretion by liver. One of these changes involves inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of gluconeogenesis (i.e. the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose). ...
... Stimulation of liver by the hormone glucagon results in several metabolic changes that lead to the increase in glucose synthesis and excretion by liver. One of these changes involves inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of gluconeogenesis (i.e. the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to glucose). ...
Solution
... This page is intentionally left blank. You may use this for a poem or illustration. Alternatively, you may also use it for scratch paper. Please transfer any work you would like to receive credit for to the indicated space near the question. ...
... This page is intentionally left blank. You may use this for a poem or illustration. Alternatively, you may also use it for scratch paper. Please transfer any work you would like to receive credit for to the indicated space near the question. ...
carbohydrate metabolism
... - further degradation of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A, and - finally complete oxidation of acetyl coenzyme A to water and carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle. • Glycolysis (Greek: glyco,sugar; lysis, splitting) is the sequence of chemical reactions by which glucose, a six-carbon sugar is cleave ...
... - further degradation of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A, and - finally complete oxidation of acetyl coenzyme A to water and carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle. • Glycolysis (Greek: glyco,sugar; lysis, splitting) is the sequence of chemical reactions by which glucose, a six-carbon sugar is cleave ...
The Lactic Acid Myths
... brain—and used as a fuel. Lactate that reaches the liver is even converted back into glucose and sent back to the hardest-working muscles to replenish declining fuel stores. When Brooks published his first research on the lactate shuttle in the mid-1980s, he did not propose that any organ used lacta ...
... brain—and used as a fuel. Lactate that reaches the liver is even converted back into glucose and sent back to the hardest-working muscles to replenish declining fuel stores. When Brooks published his first research on the lactate shuttle in the mid-1980s, he did not propose that any organ used lacta ...
File
... The TCA cycle occurs twice for every molecule of glucose oxidized The net result is 2 ATP and 4 CO2 The overall reaction for glycolysis, acetyl CoA formation and TCA cycle ...
... The TCA cycle occurs twice for every molecule of glucose oxidized The net result is 2 ATP and 4 CO2 The overall reaction for glycolysis, acetyl CoA formation and TCA cycle ...
Principles of Energy Harvest Redox reactions Oxidizing agent in
... Glycolysis Animation (simple) ...
... Glycolysis Animation (simple) ...
Chapter05, 06 代谢引论糖代谢
... Rationale for this enzyme - repositions the phosphate to make PEP Note the phospho-histidine intermediates! Zelda Rose showed that a bit of 2,3-BPG is required to phosphorylate His Rx 9: Enolase 2-P-Gly to PEP How can such a reaction create a PEP? "Energy content" of 2-PG and PEP are similar Enolase ...
... Rationale for this enzyme - repositions the phosphate to make PEP Note the phospho-histidine intermediates! Zelda Rose showed that a bit of 2,3-BPG is required to phosphorylate His Rx 9: Enolase 2-P-Gly to PEP How can such a reaction create a PEP? "Energy content" of 2-PG and PEP are similar Enolase ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... (4) The level of which one of the following enzymes will increase in serum following myocardial damage? (a) peroxidase (b) lactate dehydrogenase (c) cytochrome oxidase (d) protease (5) In vitro recombination is also known as (a) DNA shuffling (b) homologous recombination (c) transposition (d) in vit ...
... (4) The level of which one of the following enzymes will increase in serum following myocardial damage? (a) peroxidase (b) lactate dehydrogenase (c) cytochrome oxidase (d) protease (5) In vitro recombination is also known as (a) DNA shuffling (b) homologous recombination (c) transposition (d) in vit ...
Glucose-6-P to Fructose-6-P
... • First step in glycolysis • Large negative deltaG • Hexokinase is regulated - allosterically inhibited by (product) glucose-6-P • Corresponding reverse reaction (Gluconeogenesis) is catalyzed by a different enzyme (glucose-6phosphatase) • Is it the committed step in glycolysis ? ...
... • First step in glycolysis • Large negative deltaG • Hexokinase is regulated - allosterically inhibited by (product) glucose-6-P • Corresponding reverse reaction (Gluconeogenesis) is catalyzed by a different enzyme (glucose-6phosphatase) • Is it the committed step in glycolysis ? ...
biochem 31 [3-20
... a. Pyruvate is first converted into oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase. Other intermediates of the TCA cycle can also be converted to oxaloacetate, so they enter the cycle here. Oxaloacetate cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane so is converted into one of three things that can: PEP (by mitochon ...
... a. Pyruvate is first converted into oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase. Other intermediates of the TCA cycle can also be converted to oxaloacetate, so they enter the cycle here. Oxaloacetate cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane so is converted into one of three things that can: PEP (by mitochon ...
Glucose-6-P to Fructose-6-P
... • First step in glycolysis • Large negative deltaG • Hexokinase is regulated - allosterically inhibited by (product) glucose-6-P • Corresponding reverse reaction (Gluconeogenesis) is catalyzed by a different enzyme (glucose-6phosphatase) • Is it the committed step in glycolysis ? ...
... • First step in glycolysis • Large negative deltaG • Hexokinase is regulated - allosterically inhibited by (product) glucose-6-P • Corresponding reverse reaction (Gluconeogenesis) is catalyzed by a different enzyme (glucose-6phosphatase) • Is it the committed step in glycolysis ? ...
Lecture 5 - Fermentation and CHO feeder
... Anaerobic pyruvate utilization = Fermentation Both pathways use the NADH (produced in glycolysis): Overall: Glucose → 2 lactate + 2 ATP Biochemistry 3300 ...
... Anaerobic pyruvate utilization = Fermentation Both pathways use the NADH (produced in glycolysis): Overall: Glucose → 2 lactate + 2 ATP Biochemistry 3300 ...
Mock Exam 2 BY 123 - Cusic Supplemental Instruction
... 23. What class of enzyme is responsible for moving phosphate groups? a. Kinase b. Isomerase c. Dehydrogenase d. None of the above 24. What class of enzyme is responsible for the movement of electrons? a. Kinase b. Isomerase c. Dehydrogenase d. None of the above 25. What is reduced in the photosynth ...
... 23. What class of enzyme is responsible for moving phosphate groups? a. Kinase b. Isomerase c. Dehydrogenase d. None of the above 24. What class of enzyme is responsible for the movement of electrons? a. Kinase b. Isomerase c. Dehydrogenase d. None of the above 25. What is reduced in the photosynth ...
CLINICAL CHEMIISTRY (MT 305) CARBOHYDRATE LECTURE ONE
... - Elevations in serum levels (70-80%) of patients who abuse alcohol, with more marked elevations occurring in the presence of alcoholic liver disease. - Gamm-glutamyl transferase is a less sensitive indicator of hepatocellular disease than transaminases but high serum levels occur in cholestasis. ...
... - Elevations in serum levels (70-80%) of patients who abuse alcohol, with more marked elevations occurring in the presence of alcoholic liver disease. - Gamm-glutamyl transferase is a less sensitive indicator of hepatocellular disease than transaminases but high serum levels occur in cholestasis. ...
here
... Write your name, the date you turn it in (honor system) and the period of your class at the top. Each day late is penalized 10 pts. If you are out of school, it can be submitted via e-mail. ...
... Write your name, the date you turn it in (honor system) and the period of your class at the top. Each day late is penalized 10 pts. If you are out of school, it can be submitted via e-mail. ...
Biochemistry - Circle of Docs
... a. ATP b. GTP and FADH2 c. ATP and NADH d. FADH2 and NADH 25. The most common way to enter the Krebs cycle for amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose is a. Citrate b. Acetyl-CoA c. Oxaloacetate d. Pyruvate 26. The rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis is a. HMG CoA Mevalonate 27. Glucose 6 phos ...
... a. ATP b. GTP and FADH2 c. ATP and NADH d. FADH2 and NADH 25. The most common way to enter the Krebs cycle for amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose is a. Citrate b. Acetyl-CoA c. Oxaloacetate d. Pyruvate 26. The rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis is a. HMG CoA Mevalonate 27. Glucose 6 phos ...
Answer Key 2 - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... On the other hand, the animals fed with octanoic acid are unable to synthesize glucose because acetyl-CoA cannot be converted to pyruvate or OAA. In order to maintain blood glucose levels, glucogenic amino acids derived from non-essential proteins (skeletal muscle) are used as substrates for glucone ...
... On the other hand, the animals fed with octanoic acid are unable to synthesize glucose because acetyl-CoA cannot be converted to pyruvate or OAA. In order to maintain blood glucose levels, glucogenic amino acids derived from non-essential proteins (skeletal muscle) are used as substrates for glucone ...
Pyruvate Kinase
... What Are the Metabolic Fates of NADH and Pyruvate Produced in Glycolysis? Pyruvate is also energy - two possible fates: If O2 is available pyruvate enters the mitochondria, where it undergoes further breakdown If O2 is not available (anaerobic conditions) fermentation occurs and pyruvate undergoes ...
... What Are the Metabolic Fates of NADH and Pyruvate Produced in Glycolysis? Pyruvate is also energy - two possible fates: If O2 is available pyruvate enters the mitochondria, where it undergoes further breakdown If O2 is not available (anaerobic conditions) fermentation occurs and pyruvate undergoes ...
unit 1: introduction to biology
... D) there is a net gain of two ATPs per glucose molecule E) oxygen is not required Q. 8: The bridging chemical reaction which links glycolysis and the Krebs cycle is A) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA B) the oxidation of NADH C) the oxidation of FADH2 D) the conversion of ADP to ATP E) the p ...
... D) there is a net gain of two ATPs per glucose molecule E) oxygen is not required Q. 8: The bridging chemical reaction which links glycolysis and the Krebs cycle is A) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA B) the oxidation of NADH C) the oxidation of FADH2 D) the conversion of ADP to ATP E) the p ...
Lactate dehydrogenase
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Reaction_catalyzed_by_lactate_dehydrogenase.png?width=300)
A lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells (animals, plants, and prokaryotes). LDH catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and back, as it converts NADH to NAD+ and back. A dehydrogenase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from one molecule to another.LDH exist in four distinct enzyme classes. This article is about the common NAD(P)-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase. Other LDHs act on D-lactate and/or are dependent on cytochrome c: D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)) and L-lactate (L-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)). LDH has been of medical significance because it is found extensively in body tissues, such as blood cells and heart muscle. Because it is released during tissue damage, it is a marker of common injuries and disease such as heart failure.