Fish sampling - BioMed Central
... applets for Microsoft Excel were used [5,6]. GeneX software (MultiD Analyses AB, Göteborg, Sweden) was used to make the NormFinder figures. The Ct values were transformed to quantities using gene specific efficiencies, according to the geNorm manual. Gene expression stability (M) was calculated with ...
... applets for Microsoft Excel were used [5,6]. GeneX software (MultiD Analyses AB, Göteborg, Sweden) was used to make the NormFinder figures. The Ct values were transformed to quantities using gene specific efficiencies, according to the geNorm manual. Gene expression stability (M) was calculated with ...
Chapter 3 PArt II - Relufeas
... • Process by which amino acids join to form chains. • The covalent bond that is formed between the C and the N is called peptide bond. • The long amino acid chains are called polypeptides or proteins. ...
... • Process by which amino acids join to form chains. • The covalent bond that is formed between the C and the N is called peptide bond. • The long amino acid chains are called polypeptides or proteins. ...
Microbial Genetics - Austin Community College
... different charges on it due to the variety of chemical structures of the amino acids. Once the chain is released from the ribosome, it then folds into a functional shape based upon the charges and shapes of the amino acids. (Remember that negative repels negative, positive repels positive, and negat ...
... different charges on it due to the variety of chemical structures of the amino acids. Once the chain is released from the ribosome, it then folds into a functional shape based upon the charges and shapes of the amino acids. (Remember that negative repels negative, positive repels positive, and negat ...
Chapter 9 DNA: The Genetic Material
... RNA polymerase binds to genes promoter (sequence that signals process to start.) DNA strands unwind and separate. Complementary RNA nucleotides are added to make mRNA strand. Codon - sequence of 3 nucleotides on mRNA; stands for one amino acid in a protein. 2. Translation – tRNA (transfer RN ...
... RNA polymerase binds to genes promoter (sequence that signals process to start.) DNA strands unwind and separate. Complementary RNA nucleotides are added to make mRNA strand. Codon - sequence of 3 nucleotides on mRNA; stands for one amino acid in a protein. 2. Translation – tRNA (transfer RN ...
DNA PPT
... Taking mRNA and making a protein Occurs in the cytoplasm on a ribosome Step 1: 2 ribosomal subunits bind to mRNA and a tRNA ...
... Taking mRNA and making a protein Occurs in the cytoplasm on a ribosome Step 1: 2 ribosomal subunits bind to mRNA and a tRNA ...
DNA
... • Bases are A,G,T,C • Can be damaged by exposure to ultra violet rays. • Double-stranded molecule ...
... • Bases are A,G,T,C • Can be damaged by exposure to ultra violet rays. • Double-stranded molecule ...
presentation (spanish ppt format, 3.3 MB)
... Organisms have varying amounts of tRNA genes. C. elegans has 29,647 genes of which 620 code for tRNA (2%). Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 275 tRNA genes in its genome. In the human genome there are: 4,421 non-coding RNA genes (which include tRNA genes). 22 mitochondrial tRNA genes 497 nuclear genes en ...
... Organisms have varying amounts of tRNA genes. C. elegans has 29,647 genes of which 620 code for tRNA (2%). Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 275 tRNA genes in its genome. In the human genome there are: 4,421 non-coding RNA genes (which include tRNA genes). 22 mitochondrial tRNA genes 497 nuclear genes en ...
Slide 1
... A regulator gene is a prokaryotic gene that codes for the production of a repressor protein An operator is a DNA segment that controls transcription by blocking RNA polymerase with a repressor protein; it is part of the operon. An intron is a section of a gene that is transcribed but not translated. ...
... A regulator gene is a prokaryotic gene that codes for the production of a repressor protein An operator is a DNA segment that controls transcription by blocking RNA polymerase with a repressor protein; it is part of the operon. An intron is a section of a gene that is transcribed but not translated. ...
Osman et al Supplementary Materials 1. Supplementary Materials
... spin columns. Isopropanol was added to the samples to optimize binding conditions, and the samples were then centrifuged through PAXgene RNA spin columns, where total RNA >18 nucleotides (including miRNA) binds to the PAXgene silica-membrane. The bound RNA was subjected to two rounds of DNase digest ...
... spin columns. Isopropanol was added to the samples to optimize binding conditions, and the samples were then centrifuged through PAXgene RNA spin columns, where total RNA >18 nucleotides (including miRNA) binds to the PAXgene silica-membrane. The bound RNA was subjected to two rounds of DNase digest ...
Exam 3 Review B - Iowa State University
... 15. The concept that an amino acid can be specified by more than one codon is known as a. Colinearity b. Degeneracy c. Isoaccepting d. Synonymity 16. This helps set the reading frame for translation a. Shine-Dalgarno sequence b. Kozak sequence c. Initiation codon d. 5’ cap 17. Which of the followin ...
... 15. The concept that an amino acid can be specified by more than one codon is known as a. Colinearity b. Degeneracy c. Isoaccepting d. Synonymity 16. This helps set the reading frame for translation a. Shine-Dalgarno sequence b. Kozak sequence c. Initiation codon d. 5’ cap 17. Which of the followin ...
From Gene to Protein
... have a disastrous effect on the resulting protein more often than substitutions do ...
... have a disastrous effect on the resulting protein more often than substitutions do ...
dna review - NVHSIntroBioPiper1
... There are three main differences between DNA and RNA: 1. RNA has the sugar Ribose / DNA has the sugar Deoxyribose. 2. RNA is single stranded / DNA is double stranded. 3. In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil / in DNA, adenine pairs with thymine. ...
... There are three main differences between DNA and RNA: 1. RNA has the sugar Ribose / DNA has the sugar Deoxyribose. 2. RNA is single stranded / DNA is double stranded. 3. In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil / in DNA, adenine pairs with thymine. ...
CHAPTER18-20test
... b. gene cloning c. DNA ligase d. gel electrophoresis e. reverse transcriptase 46. Produces many copies of a gene for basic research or for large-scale production of a gene product. 47. Enables one to create complementary DNA (cDNA) from mRNA; results in a smaller gene product (RNA processed – no int ...
... b. gene cloning c. DNA ligase d. gel electrophoresis e. reverse transcriptase 46. Produces many copies of a gene for basic research or for large-scale production of a gene product. 47. Enables one to create complementary DNA (cDNA) from mRNA; results in a smaller gene product (RNA processed – no int ...
Nükleik Asitler - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... • First discovered in 1869 by Miescher. • Found as a precipitate that formed when extracts from nuclei were treated with acid. • Compound contained C, N, O, and high amount of P. • Was an acid compound found in nuclei therefore named nucleic acid ...
... • First discovered in 1869 by Miescher. • Found as a precipitate that formed when extracts from nuclei were treated with acid. • Compound contained C, N, O, and high amount of P. • Was an acid compound found in nuclei therefore named nucleic acid ...
Ch. 10, DNA and Proteins
... tRNA carrying methionine binds to the start codon Elongation: as mRNA codons move through the ribosome, tRNA’s add specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain Termination and Disassembly: the process continues until a stop codon is reached and the newly made protein is released ...
... tRNA carrying methionine binds to the start codon Elongation: as mRNA codons move through the ribosome, tRNA’s add specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain Termination and Disassembly: the process continues until a stop codon is reached and the newly made protein is released ...
Chapter 17~ From Gene to Protein
... enzyme which bonds amino acid to tRNA bond requires energy ATP AMP bond is unstable so it can release amino acid at ribosome easily ...
... enzyme which bonds amino acid to tRNA bond requires energy ATP AMP bond is unstable so it can release amino acid at ribosome easily ...
GENE REGULATION IN PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES
... higher order control that “silences” gene by re-modelling of the chromatin to form localized regions of heterochromatin along a chromosome. This re-modelling is greatly influenced by the nature of the histone tail modifications. Overall, acetylation of histone tails results in opening access to nucl ...
... higher order control that “silences” gene by re-modelling of the chromatin to form localized regions of heterochromatin along a chromosome. This re-modelling is greatly influenced by the nature of the histone tail modifications. Overall, acetylation of histone tails results in opening access to nucl ...
Central Dogma: Molecular GeneKcs
... Figure 4.2 From nucleotide monomers to polymer POLYMERIZATION of nucleic acids = Formation of phosphodiester bonds ...
... Figure 4.2 From nucleotide monomers to polymer POLYMERIZATION of nucleic acids = Formation of phosphodiester bonds ...
Nucleic Acids - Rubin Gulaboski
... Linked by alternating sugar-phosphate bonds RNA: ribose and A, G, C, U DNA: deoxyribose and A,G,C,T base ...
... Linked by alternating sugar-phosphate bonds RNA: ribose and A, G, C, U DNA: deoxyribose and A,G,C,T base ...
Chapter 7 Genes and Protein Synthesis
... DNA sequence Reading frame of codons shifts resulting in multiple missense and/or nonsense effects Any deletion or insertion of base pairs in multiples of ...
... DNA sequence Reading frame of codons shifts resulting in multiple missense and/or nonsense effects Any deletion or insertion of base pairs in multiples of ...
15 points each
... -DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded -The sugars are different -RNA has uracil instead of thymine -DNA can not leave the nucleus ...
... -DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded -The sugars are different -RNA has uracil instead of thymine -DNA can not leave the nucleus ...
3-Session 5-Lec 9 What is a gene and transcription
... Exons: is characterized by the following: • Code for amino acids and collectively determine the amino acid sequence of the protein product • Present in final mature mRNA molecule • Numbered from 5'-end of the gene: exon 1, exon 2, etc. • Exon 1 at 5'-end of the gene has Untranslated region (5'UTR) ...
... Exons: is characterized by the following: • Code for amino acids and collectively determine the amino acid sequence of the protein product • Present in final mature mRNA molecule • Numbered from 5'-end of the gene: exon 1, exon 2, etc. • Exon 1 at 5'-end of the gene has Untranslated region (5'UTR) ...
Unity of Life - stephen fleenor
... Warm-Up (3/28) Describe the relationship between DNA and RNA in the synthesis of proteins. Use the following words in your explanation: transcription, translation, nucleus, ribosome. ...
... Warm-Up (3/28) Describe the relationship between DNA and RNA in the synthesis of proteins. Use the following words in your explanation: transcription, translation, nucleus, ribosome. ...
Chap 3
... • The two strands share a common helix around which they wind; there is a major groove and a minor groove (Wilkins et al.). • The bases are in the core of the structure and the phosphates make up the “backbone” of the helices (Franklin and Gosling). • The bases form hydrogen bonds with complementary ...
... • The two strands share a common helix around which they wind; there is a major groove and a minor groove (Wilkins et al.). • The bases are in the core of the structure and the phosphates make up the “backbone” of the helices (Franklin and Gosling). • The bases form hydrogen bonds with complementary ...
Nucleic acid tertiary structure
The tertiary structure of a nucleic acid is its precise three-dimensional structure, as defined by the atomic coordinates. RNA and DNA molecules are capable of diverse functions ranging from molecular recognition to catalysis. Such functions require a precise three-dimensional tertiary structure. While such structures are diverse and seemingly complex, they are composed of recurring, easily recognizable tertiary structure motifs that serve as molecular building blocks. Some of the most common motifs for RNA and DNA tertiary structure are described below, but this information is based on a limited number of solved structures. Many more tertiary structural motifs will be revealed as new RNA and DNA molecules are structurally characterized.