• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Quick Review
Quick Review

... • The body needs water because many of the body’s processes, including chemical reaction, take place in water. • Water is needed by plants for the process of photosynthesis. ...
Human Anatomy and Physiology
Human Anatomy and Physiology

... forms the lining of only a few organs—the Urinary bladder, the ureters, and part of the urethra. • All these organs are subject to considerable stretching. • Cells of the basal layer are cuboidal or columnar; • the organ is not stretched, the membrane is many-layered, and the superficial cells are r ...
Student Packet 16 Plant Animal Cells L.14.3
Student Packet 16 Plant Animal Cells L.14.3

... Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as amended - prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 - prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 196 ...
Chapter 23
Chapter 23

... Fetal hemoglobin is present by 50 percent greater concentrations than adult hemoglobin. It also has a greater attraction for oxygen than adult hemoglobin. It can carry 20 to 30 percent more oxygen than adult hemoglobin. 26. Trace the pathway of blood from the placenta to the fetus and back to the pl ...
“Science will soon create the perfect human
“Science will soon create the perfect human

... potential to replace any cell in the human body. They’ve found in embryos and fetuses. Since these cells have the ability to become any cell, scientists can manipulate them into a cell they need. For instance, if a person is dying from kidney failure, essentially stem cells could be used to grow a n ...
Revision Sheet Quarter 1 2014-2015 Department:
Revision Sheet Quarter 1 2014-2015 Department:

... uses carbohydrates. • simple carbohydrates: one or a few sugar molecules linked together • complex carbohydrates: many, even hundreds, of sugar molecules linked together • description of how body uses carbohydrates (e.g., The body uses carbohydrates for energy and to store energy; etc.) ...
Cell Unit 9.26.16
Cell Unit 9.26.16

... There are around 2.5 billion cells in one of your hands. If every cell in your hand was the size of a grain of sand, your hand would be the size of a school bus. There are over 200 cell types in the body! ...
Cell Structure and Function - Red Clay Secondary Science Wiki
Cell Structure and Function - Red Clay Secondary Science Wiki

... waste disposal, synthesis of new molecules, storage of genetic material).  The highly specific function of each organelle is directly related to its structure.  The cell of a unicellular organism performs all the functions to sustain life.  The cells of most multicellular organisms are specialize ...
Genetically Engineering Plants
Genetically Engineering Plants

... genes into cells. • Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA found in bacteria cells that are capable of crossing membranes. Plasmids can be removed from bacteria. Circular plasmids are cleaved and new genes are inserted. The modified plasmid can then crosses cell borders and combine with the rece ...
UNIT 3 PART 1 LIFE FUNCTIONS
UNIT 3 PART 1 LIFE FUNCTIONS

... homeostasis by releasing chemicals into the blood. When the chemicals reach the target organ, a reaction occurs. This is slower than the nervous system, but the ...
Cell Theory
Cell Theory

... too. But the cell’s volume grows faster than its surface area. If a cell gets too large, the cell’s surface area will not be large enough to take in enough nutrients or pump out enough wastes. So, the area of a cell’s surface—compared with the cell’s volume—limits the cell’s size. The ratio of the c ...
Enhanced cell lysis
Enhanced cell lysis

... Prior to the investigation of intracellular proteins and organelles cells need to be disrupted or lysed to release these components for study. Sonication is one method commonly used by researchers to disrupt cell architecture. We have developed a novel cell lysis apparatus and methodology which enha ...
Cells_and_Tissues_in_Health_and_Disease
Cells_and_Tissues_in_Health_and_Disease

... • Dysplasia: cell development and maturation are disturbed and abnormal – Individual cells vary in size and shape – Example: chronic inflammation of epithelial cells of uterine cervix may progress to cervical epithelial dysplasia and ...
BIOLOGY 4.1 CELL BIOLOGY NEED TO KNOW REVISION
BIOLOGY 4.1 CELL BIOLOGY NEED TO KNOW REVISION

... Differentiation is the generation of specialised cells which acquire different organelles to enable them to carry out specific functions. ...
Basic Biological Principles
Basic Biological Principles

... divides, grows, and divides again until it forms a layered ball of cells. At this point, the cells differentiate. That is, they specialize to become different types of cells (e.g., muscle cells, skin cells, brain cells, etc.). Eventually, all of the basic human structures form, and the embryo become ...
cells - Sewanhaka Central High School District
cells - Sewanhaka Central High School District

... c. How does chemical digestion occur in the mouth? • Salivary amylase breaks down starch  sugar d. How does mechanical digestion occur in the ...
Biology Cell Labs - Oregon School District
Biology Cell Labs - Oregon School District

... Storage of digestive enzymes Transport within the cytoplasm Golgi Body ...
Bio Notes Last modified January 9, 2017 at 5:21 am
Bio Notes Last modified January 9, 2017 at 5:21 am

... thinner elastic layer and muscle wall, and blood is deoxygenated inside and moves at very low pressure – it is generally helped by muscle tone. They have valves to prevent backflow. Capillaries do not have elastic or muscle layer, only endothelium. ...
Biology Common Mid
Biology Common Mid

... 2. A seed taken from an adult plant can eventually form a new individual plant after being planted. This is an example of how living things . . . a. transport substances b. carry out metabolism c. reproduce d. process energy 3. In bright sunlight we squint our eyes and our pupils contract getting sm ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... •Growth - increase in cellular mass, and/or increase in number of cells •Reproduction - formation of another organism. Since viruses cannot reproduce on their own without being inside a host cell, they are not regarded as living organisms. ...
Biology Review PPT
Biology Review PPT

... •Growth - increase in cellular mass, and/or increase in number of cells •Reproduction - formation of another organism. Since viruses cannot reproduce on their own without being inside a host cell, they are not regarded as living organisms. ...
BIOL 170 Exploring Biology
BIOL 170 Exploring Biology

... 2. Why is it that we humans can break down starch into sugar to be used for energy but cannot break down cellulose into sugar? 3. It is reported that fish and all vertebrates are “nutritionally deficient.” What parts of proteins do we need to take in as part of our diet as we do not have the ability ...
Biology Summary
Biology Summary

... down the captured material a lysosome fuses with and digests worn out organelles recycle their components back to cytoplasm enzymes make possible reaction that would otherwise not proceed ...
EOC Review 2015 answer key A
EOC Review 2015 answer key A

... a. What types of living things carryout cellular respiration? All living things carry out cellular respiration. Autotrophs and heterotrophs (plants and animals). b. Definition: using oxygen to transform glucose into chemical energy called ATP using an organelle called a mitochondria. Water and carbo ...
Anatomy and Physiology notes - Introduction, Cell
Anatomy and Physiology notes - Introduction, Cell

... III. Muscle tissue: (more on these in muscular system) very specialized to produce movement, maintain posture; muscle cells contain large number of contractile proteins; can not reproduce three types of muscle - skeletal, cardiac and smooth ...
< 1 ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ... 56 >

Artificial cell



An artificial cell or minimal cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell. The term does not refer to a specific physical entity, but rather to the idea that certain functions or structures of biological cells can be replaced or supplemented with a synthetic entity. Often, artificial cells are biological or polymeric membranes which enclose biologically active materials. As such, nanoparticles, liposomes, polymersomes, microcapsules and a number of other particles have qualified as artificial cells. Micro-encapsulation allows for metabolism within the membrane, exchange of small molecules and prevention of passage of large substances across it. The main advantages of encapsulation include improved mimicry in the body, increased solubility of the cargo and decreased immune responses. Notably, artificial cells have been clinically successful in hemoperfusion.In the area of synthetic biology, a ""living"" artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to mutate. Such a cell is not technically feasible yet, but a variation of an artificial cell has been created in which a completely synthetic genome was introduced to genomically emptied host cells. Although not completely artificial because the cytoplasmic components as well as the membrane from the host cell are kept, the engineered cell is under control of a synthetic genome and is able to replicate.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report