Modelling Neuronal Mechanisms of the Processing of Tones and System
... the technical term source separation problem is more familiar. Be that as it may, these terms essentially all concern the same problem — how is a listener able to distinguish between different auditory sources in an environment? This phenomenon occurs frequently, sometimes without us even consciousl ...
... the technical term source separation problem is more familiar. Be that as it may, these terms essentially all concern the same problem — how is a listener able to distinguish between different auditory sources in an environment? This phenomenon occurs frequently, sometimes without us even consciousl ...
intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring
... single-train MEPs are small, inconsistent or absent. Most commonly, one or more preconditioning trains to build up alpha motor neuron excitability are applied immediately before the test stimulus, or a series of 2 Hz recurrent pulse-trains is applied [36–39, 61]. Generating a subliminal withdrawal r ...
... single-train MEPs are small, inconsistent or absent. Most commonly, one or more preconditioning trains to build up alpha motor neuron excitability are applied immediately before the test stimulus, or a series of 2 Hz recurrent pulse-trains is applied [36–39, 61]. Generating a subliminal withdrawal r ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... by instructional cues defining relevant and irrelevant sensory features of the input stream during task performance. In typical paradigms of selective attention, the sensory input is kept identical across trials with variations only in covert attention to different aspects of that input. In such tas ...
... by instructional cues defining relevant and irrelevant sensory features of the input stream during task performance. In typical paradigms of selective attention, the sensory input is kept identical across trials with variations only in covert attention to different aspects of that input. In such tas ...
Purves chs. 15, 19 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... An orderly relationship between the location of the motor neuron pools and the muscles they innervate is evident both along the length of the spinal cord and across the mediolateral dimension of the cord, an arrangement that in effect provides a spatial map of the body’s musculature. For example, th ...
... An orderly relationship between the location of the motor neuron pools and the muscles they innervate is evident both along the length of the spinal cord and across the mediolateral dimension of the cord, an arrangement that in effect provides a spatial map of the body’s musculature. For example, th ...
Intrinsic laminar lattice connections in primate visual cortex
... seen previously in the tree shrew-Rockland et al., '82). Best results were also associated with fairly large injections where the uptake zone was judged to be 0.5-1.0 pm in diameter (for further details, on defining the injection site and other technical matters, cf. Rockland et al., '82). In one an ...
... seen previously in the tree shrew-Rockland et al., '82). Best results were also associated with fairly large injections where the uptake zone was judged to be 0.5-1.0 pm in diameter (for further details, on defining the injection site and other technical matters, cf. Rockland et al., '82). In one an ...
THESIS D - Krishikosh
... life happy and memorable and for rendering help during the course of study and making it possible for me to complete what I started. During my study in this esteemed institute I was fortunate to receive the kind of cooperation from almost everyone in one way or other. It is extremely difficult for m ...
... life happy and memorable and for rendering help during the course of study and making it possible for me to complete what I started. During my study in this esteemed institute I was fortunate to receive the kind of cooperation from almost everyone in one way or other. It is extremely difficult for m ...
The neural correlates of implicit and explicit sequence learning
... al. 1998). Others showed that implicit learning involves the right ventral premotor cortex, right ventral caudate, right thalamus, and bilateral visual association cortex, while explicit learning involves the primary visual and inferior parietal cortex (Rauch et al. ...
... al. 1998). Others showed that implicit learning involves the right ventral premotor cortex, right ventral caudate, right thalamus, and bilateral visual association cortex, while explicit learning involves the primary visual and inferior parietal cortex (Rauch et al. ...
Brainstem
... level of sensory decussation medial lemniscus and lemniscal decussation - primary afferents from C1 to T6 ascend in the fasciculus cuneatus and project to the nucleus cuneatus - primary afferents below T6 ascend in the fasciculus gracilis and project to the nucleus gracilis - axons of 2nd neurons in ...
... level of sensory decussation medial lemniscus and lemniscal decussation - primary afferents from C1 to T6 ascend in the fasciculus cuneatus and project to the nucleus cuneatus - primary afferents below T6 ascend in the fasciculus gracilis and project to the nucleus gracilis - axons of 2nd neurons in ...
The cortical connections of area V6: an occipito
... advancing through the cortical tissue, and by withdrawing the needle from the brain completely devoid of tracer. To this purpose, the recording syringe was ®rst ®lled with 0.3 mL of paraf®n oil, then with the exact amount of tracer that had to be injected and, ®nally, with 0.10 mL of paraf®n oil. A ...
... advancing through the cortical tissue, and by withdrawing the needle from the brain completely devoid of tracer. To this purpose, the recording syringe was ®rst ®lled with 0.3 mL of paraf®n oil, then with the exact amount of tracer that had to be injected and, ®nally, with 0.10 mL of paraf®n oil. A ...
Laminar Cortical Dynamics of Cognitive and Motor Working Memory
... both cognitive and sensory-motor tasks. The model makes predictions about the laminar organization of prefrontal cortical circuits that go beyond present neurophysiological and anatomical knowledge. It formulates these predictions by integrating and explaining several types of data and theoretical c ...
... both cognitive and sensory-motor tasks. The model makes predictions about the laminar organization of prefrontal cortical circuits that go beyond present neurophysiological and anatomical knowledge. It formulates these predictions by integrating and explaining several types of data and theoretical c ...
Subgraphs of functional brain networks identify dynamical
... processes. Our results demonstrate that the temporal expression of these functional subgraphs reflect cognitive demands and are associated with individual differences in task-based performance. These findings offer insight into how coordinated changes in the cooperative and competitive roles of dist ...
... processes. Our results demonstrate that the temporal expression of these functional subgraphs reflect cognitive demands and are associated with individual differences in task-based performance. These findings offer insight into how coordinated changes in the cooperative and competitive roles of dist ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
... measured temporal separation threshold needed for distinguishing between two consecutive tactile pulses, but no such effect is observed in ASD individuals (Tommerdahl et al., 2008). These results suggest that the vibrotactile stimulus elicited a very different cortical response in ASD individuals. T ...
... measured temporal separation threshold needed for distinguishing between two consecutive tactile pulses, but no such effect is observed in ASD individuals (Tommerdahl et al., 2008). These results suggest that the vibrotactile stimulus elicited a very different cortical response in ASD individuals. T ...
High baseline activity in inferior temporal cortex
... 2012). The results of these electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies have changed the traditional view in which the baseline activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the ...
... 2012). The results of these electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies have changed the traditional view in which the baseline activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... central complex and were separated from ascending neurons based on their longer latencies. One local brain neuron was found discriminating between behaviorally attractive and non-attractive stimuli. Using such multielectrodes, it was also possible to induce singing responses by electrically stimulat ...
... central complex and were separated from ascending neurons based on their longer latencies. One local brain neuron was found discriminating between behaviorally attractive and non-attractive stimuli. Using such multielectrodes, it was also possible to induce singing responses by electrically stimulat ...
Corina Wirth and Hans
... Since the discovery of the “barrel” map in the rodent somatosensory cortex by Woolsey and Van der Loos (1970), the barrels were regarded as a manifestation of the cortical columns in layer 4 (L4). It turned out that this structure is a well-suited model for investigating sensory information processi ...
... Since the discovery of the “barrel” map in the rodent somatosensory cortex by Woolsey and Van der Loos (1970), the barrels were regarded as a manifestation of the cortical columns in layer 4 (L4). It turned out that this structure is a well-suited model for investigating sensory information processi ...
The cortical column: a structure without a function
... spanning the layers of the somatosensory cortex, which contains cells responsive to only a single modality, such as deep joint receptors or cutaneous receptors. Subsequently, examples of columns have been uncovered in numerous cortical areas, expanding the original concept to embrace a variety of di ...
... spanning the layers of the somatosensory cortex, which contains cells responsive to only a single modality, such as deep joint receptors or cutaneous receptors. Subsequently, examples of columns have been uncovered in numerous cortical areas, expanding the original concept to embrace a variety of di ...
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View
... (fMRI) to characterize hemodynamic signals. Ideally, neuroimaging results from humans reflect the aggregated activity of single cells, so results from neuroimaging and single-unit studies should converge to reinforce a single, integrative theory. In practice, however, the portraits of the dACC paint ...
... (fMRI) to characterize hemodynamic signals. Ideally, neuroimaging results from humans reflect the aggregated activity of single cells, so results from neuroimaging and single-unit studies should converge to reinforce a single, integrative theory. In practice, however, the portraits of the dACC paint ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
... executive functions of the prefrontal cortex, but for any given task the information retrieved must be specific. An important way to endow specificity to cortical pathways is by termination in distinct layers, where neurons have specific inputs and outputs, and specific chemical and physiologic properti ...
... executive functions of the prefrontal cortex, but for any given task the information retrieved must be specific. An important way to endow specificity to cortical pathways is by termination in distinct layers, where neurons have specific inputs and outputs, and specific chemical and physiologic properti ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... stimulation rates: connectivity in the rightmost case (thin lines, pluses and diamonds) is approximately 70% of that of the leftmost case (thicker lines, crosses and squares), and external stimulation is 50% stronger in the rightmost than the leftmost graphs. Notice lower persistent activity rates i ...
... stimulation rates: connectivity in the rightmost case (thin lines, pluses and diamonds) is approximately 70% of that of the leftmost case (thicker lines, crosses and squares), and external stimulation is 50% stronger in the rightmost than the leftmost graphs. Notice lower persistent activity rates i ...
Richard Thompson
... with neuronal connectivity. Hebb's book revitalized this field, which had been somewhat dormant since Lashley's 1929 monograph. When it came to details, Hebb was rather lacking, particularly about synaptic processes. But in all fairness, John Eccles discovered synaptic inhibition only about the same ...
... with neuronal connectivity. Hebb's book revitalized this field, which had been somewhat dormant since Lashley's 1929 monograph. When it came to details, Hebb was rather lacking, particularly about synaptic processes. But in all fairness, John Eccles discovered synaptic inhibition only about the same ...
Mapping From Motor Cortex to Biceps and Triceps Altered By Elbow
... complex movements. These movements were reliable and could even be evoked under anesthesia. Two general observations emerged from this stimulation study. First, stimulation of each site caused the relevant joints to move in a goal-directed fashion into a specific final posture regardless of the init ...
... complex movements. These movements were reliable and could even be evoked under anesthesia. Two general observations emerged from this stimulation study. First, stimulation of each site caused the relevant joints to move in a goal-directed fashion into a specific final posture regardless of the init ...
A Possible Role for Cholinergic Neurons of the Basal Forebrain and
... accounts similarly suggest a moment of consciousness lasts several hundred msec. For example, studies of short-term memory show that stimuli presented 200–700 msec after a target stimulus have the best chance of being remembered (Reeves & Sperling, 1986). These results suggest that there is an atten ...
... accounts similarly suggest a moment of consciousness lasts several hundred msec. For example, studies of short-term memory show that stimuli presented 200–700 msec after a target stimulus have the best chance of being remembered (Reeves & Sperling, 1986). These results suggest that there is an atten ...
pdf
... continue through the posterior limb of the internal capsule to the cerebral peduncle on their way to the lateral funiculus. Corticobulbar fibers converge into the corona radiata and continue through the genu of the internal capsule to the cerebral peduncle where they lie medial and dorsal to the cor ...
... continue through the posterior limb of the internal capsule to the cerebral peduncle on their way to the lateral funiculus. Corticobulbar fibers converge into the corona radiata and continue through the genu of the internal capsule to the cerebral peduncle where they lie medial and dorsal to the cor ...
A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. I. A
... the resolution of con¯icts between functional units that are physically separated within the brain but are in competition for behavioural expression. Stated informally, it is the problem of how we decide `what to do next'. This situation is particularly acute if several such units are competing for ...
... the resolution of con¯icts between functional units that are physically separated within the brain but are in competition for behavioural expression. Stated informally, it is the problem of how we decide `what to do next'. This situation is particularly acute if several such units are competing for ...