Specificity and Plasticity of Thalamocortical Connections in Sema6A
... telencephalon largely determines their final targeting within the cortex [16–20]. For example, in mutants in the transcription factor Ebf1 or in the Dlx1/Dlx2 double mutants, a subset of thalamic axons is misrouted ventrally, resulting in a caudal shift of the remaining axons within the ventral telen ...
... telencephalon largely determines their final targeting within the cortex [16–20]. For example, in mutants in the transcription factor Ebf1 or in the Dlx1/Dlx2 double mutants, a subset of thalamic axons is misrouted ventrally, resulting in a caudal shift of the remaining axons within the ventral telen ...
E ffects of different kinds of acute stress on nerve growth factor
... amygdala and frontal cortex only. Interestingly both brain regions, the amygdala and the frontal cortex, are implicated in processing of fear responses as well as in the activation of the HPAA [13,20]. The observed change of NGF concentration in the amygdala after the experience of an acute threat i ...
... amygdala and frontal cortex only. Interestingly both brain regions, the amygdala and the frontal cortex, are implicated in processing of fear responses as well as in the activation of the HPAA [13,20]. The observed change of NGF concentration in the amygdala after the experience of an acute threat i ...
Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to
... Two major types of afferents of the cerebellar circuitry [20, 22], the climbing fibers from the caudal half of the medial and dorsal accessory subdivisions of the inferior olive [20, 22, 25] and the mossy fibers from the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, the medullary reticular formation, and the ...
... Two major types of afferents of the cerebellar circuitry [20, 22], the climbing fibers from the caudal half of the medial and dorsal accessory subdivisions of the inferior olive [20, 22, 25] and the mossy fibers from the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, the medullary reticular formation, and the ...
GABAergic Influence on Taste Information in the Central Gustatory
... discrimination capabalities; the research by Smith and Li further suggests that many cells may normally be under GABAergic inhibition because after GABA inhibition was removed, cells responded more equally to the top two best stimuli, but when GABA was present their response was sharpened to be hig ...
... discrimination capabalities; the research by Smith and Li further suggests that many cells may normally be under GABAergic inhibition because after GABA inhibition was removed, cells responded more equally to the top two best stimuli, but when GABA was present their response was sharpened to be hig ...
- University of Missouri School of Law Scholarship
... to review a 400-year old scientific theory, similar to that posed here, that music is at the core of world harmony, both acoustically and relationally. 5 A little known fact is that mathematician and astronomer Johannes Kepler, widely acclaimed for discovering the three laws of planetary motion in t ...
... to review a 400-year old scientific theory, similar to that posed here, that music is at the core of world harmony, both acoustically and relationally. 5 A little known fact is that mathematician and astronomer Johannes Kepler, widely acclaimed for discovering the three laws of planetary motion in t ...
The ventral striatum - Brain imaging of Parkinson`s disease
... territory), the caudate nucleus (associative territory) and the posterior putamen (sensorimotor territory) [15–17]. However, the reduction in the number of neurons from the striatum to the output structures of basal ganglia, the internal segment of globus pallidus (GPi) and the substantia nigra pars ...
... territory), the caudate nucleus (associative territory) and the posterior putamen (sensorimotor territory) [15–17]. However, the reduction in the number of neurons from the striatum to the output structures of basal ganglia, the internal segment of globus pallidus (GPi) and the substantia nigra pars ...
Vision for Prehension in the Medial Parietal Cortex - Gallettilab
... cortex (see Fig. 1C). This cortical region belongs to the classic visual association cortex, namely area 19 of Brodmann (for a thorough review on this topic, see Gamberini et al. 2015). However, since the first description of this region, it was evident that not all neurons were visually activated. C ...
... cortex (see Fig. 1C). This cortical region belongs to the classic visual association cortex, namely area 19 of Brodmann (for a thorough review on this topic, see Gamberini et al. 2015). However, since the first description of this region, it was evident that not all neurons were visually activated. C ...
Updating verbal and visuospatial working memory: Are the
... that executive control was required at the period of encoding but not during maintenance rehearsal. Therefore, the secondary task that placed a load on the central executive only produced performance decrements during encoding. It is important to note that WM sub-systems play different roles in the ...
... that executive control was required at the period of encoding but not during maintenance rehearsal. Therefore, the secondary task that placed a load on the central executive only produced performance decrements during encoding. It is important to note that WM sub-systems play different roles in the ...
PDF
... experiences. In what follows we will discuss the (visual) perceptual differences between individuals with ASD and TD individuals, taking Ben Shalom’s tripartite model of perception as a starting point, and present our own view on the issues at hand. We will argue that the evidence tells against the ...
... experiences. In what follows we will discuss the (visual) perceptual differences between individuals with ASD and TD individuals, taking Ben Shalom’s tripartite model of perception as a starting point, and present our own view on the issues at hand. We will argue that the evidence tells against the ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary
... photographs reveal sulcal patterns of the medial surfaces of the hemispheres, and another shows the neuroanatomy of the right (exposed) insula. Most of Einstein’s sulci are identified, and sulcal patterns in various parts of the brain are compared with those of 85 human brains that have been describ ...
... photographs reveal sulcal patterns of the medial surfaces of the hemispheres, and another shows the neuroanatomy of the right (exposed) insula. Most of Einstein’s sulci are identified, and sulcal patterns in various parts of the brain are compared with those of 85 human brains that have been describ ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a
... photographs reveal sulcal patterns of the medial surfaces of the hemispheres, and another shows the neuroanatomy of the right (exposed) insula. Most of Einstein’s sulci are identified, and sulcal patterns in various parts of the brain are compared with those of 85 human brains that have been describ ...
... photographs reveal sulcal patterns of the medial surfaces of the hemispheres, and another shows the neuroanatomy of the right (exposed) insula. Most of Einstein’s sulci are identified, and sulcal patterns in various parts of the brain are compared with those of 85 human brains that have been describ ...
Heterogeneous Integration of Bilateral Whisker Signals by Neurons
... Fanselow and Nicolelis 1999; Moore 2004; Moore et al. 1999; Nicolelis and Fanselow 2002). These authors proposed that greater response magnitudes during the quiet state could perform a gross “detection” function, whereas relatively less spike adaptation during the whisking state would allow for fine ...
... Fanselow and Nicolelis 1999; Moore 2004; Moore et al. 1999; Nicolelis and Fanselow 2002). These authors proposed that greater response magnitudes during the quiet state could perform a gross “detection” function, whereas relatively less spike adaptation during the whisking state would allow for fine ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... Excitatory feedback in CA3 mediates auto-associative storage and recall of these representations. (4) Schaffer collaterals mediate heteroassociative storage and recall of associations between activity in CA3 and the self-organized representations formed by entorhinal input to region CA1. (5) Perfora ...
... Excitatory feedback in CA3 mediates auto-associative storage and recall of these representations. (4) Schaffer collaterals mediate heteroassociative storage and recall of associations between activity in CA3 and the self-organized representations formed by entorhinal input to region CA1. (5) Perfora ...
BMC Neuroscience
... The primate cerebral cortex constitutes a vast communication network of ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical connections. Although fewer in number, contralateral projection neurons, which course through the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure, have elaborate dendritic trees [1], and ...
... The primate cerebral cortex constitutes a vast communication network of ipsilateral and contralateral corticocortical connections. Although fewer in number, contralateral projection neurons, which course through the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure, have elaborate dendritic trees [1], and ...
Auditory Neurons in the Dorsal Cortex of the Inferior Colliculus
... The inferior colliculus plays a key role in auditory processing. In the current study I used the albino rat, Rattus norvegicus, as an animal model to investigate auditory responses in single neurons in the dorsomedial subdivision of the inferior colliculus (ICd). My results reveal that ICd neurons e ...
... The inferior colliculus plays a key role in auditory processing. In the current study I used the albino rat, Rattus norvegicus, as an animal model to investigate auditory responses in single neurons in the dorsomedial subdivision of the inferior colliculus (ICd). My results reveal that ICd neurons e ...
Chapter 29 - krigolson teaching
... lesion, and as a result they may not see everything in that hemifield, even though the sensory pathway from the eye to the striate and prestriate cortex is intact. This neglect of the contralateral visual hemifield extends to the neglect of the contralateral half of individual objects. Patients with ...
... lesion, and as a result they may not see everything in that hemifield, even though the sensory pathway from the eye to the striate and prestriate cortex is intact. This neglect of the contralateral visual hemifield extends to the neglect of the contralateral half of individual objects. Patients with ...
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external
... Fig. 2. GABAA inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) regulate the timing and pattern of action potential generation in subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons. Recordings were made from STN neurons in brain slices using the perforated-patch technique and GABAA IPSPs were evoked by electrical stimulati ...
... Fig. 2. GABAA inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) regulate the timing and pattern of action potential generation in subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons. Recordings were made from STN neurons in brain slices using the perforated-patch technique and GABAA IPSPs were evoked by electrical stimulati ...
2015 Cosyne Program
... About Cosyne The annual Cosyne meeting provides an inclusive forum for the exchange of experimental and theoretical/computational approaches to problems in systems neuroscience. To encourage interdisciplinary interactions, the main meeting is arranged in a single track. A set of invited talks are se ...
... About Cosyne The annual Cosyne meeting provides an inclusive forum for the exchange of experimental and theoretical/computational approaches to problems in systems neuroscience. To encourage interdisciplinary interactions, the main meeting is arranged in a single track. A set of invited talks are se ...
Relationship of Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus–Globus Pallidus
... Essex, UK). This protocol was used to perform single or double recordings of neurons. Spikes were often several millivolts in amplitude and always exhibited a biphasic waveform with an initial positive deflection. Recordings of spontaneous activity typically lasted for 4 –25 min. The EEG was recorde ...
... Essex, UK). This protocol was used to perform single or double recordings of neurons. Spikes were often several millivolts in amplitude and always exhibited a biphasic waveform with an initial positive deflection. Recordings of spontaneous activity typically lasted for 4 –25 min. The EEG was recorde ...
Central nervous system control of the laryngeal muscles in humans
... swallowing, respiration and cough. For each of the laryngeal functions, different vocal fold movements are required: maximally open during sniff; open during inhalation; less open during exhalation; partially open (paramedian) during voiceless consonants such as /s/; closed in the midline for vocal ...
... swallowing, respiration and cough. For each of the laryngeal functions, different vocal fold movements are required: maximally open during sniff; open during inhalation; less open during exhalation; partially open (paramedian) during voiceless consonants such as /s/; closed in the midline for vocal ...
Neuronal morphology in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana
... Afrotheria contains many neural plesiomorphies in comparison with other placental mammal species (Sherwood et al. 2009). Thus, examination of neuronal morphology in elephants is essential for understanding broader phylogenetic patterns of neuromorphological evolution in Afrotherians and provides dat ...
... Afrotheria contains many neural plesiomorphies in comparison with other placental mammal species (Sherwood et al. 2009). Thus, examination of neuronal morphology in elephants is essential for understanding broader phylogenetic patterns of neuromorphological evolution in Afrotherians and provides dat ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
... two screws to serve as a ground. Two bipolar electrodes for intracranial stimulation were implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (anterior, 25.2 from bregma; lateral, 60.8; ventral, 8.2), according to the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1986). After the cut end of the temporal muscle was covered with ...
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
Full-Text PDF
... processing of emotions [40]. The pulvinar is connected to the extrastriate cortex (occipital cortex), inferior temporal cortex, and temporo-occipital area [47]. It is also associated with the insula [48], posterior parietal cortex [49], medial frontal cortex [49,50], superior temporal gyrus [51], an ...
... processing of emotions [40]. The pulvinar is connected to the extrastriate cortex (occipital cortex), inferior temporal cortex, and temporo-occipital area [47]. It is also associated with the insula [48], posterior parietal cortex [49], medial frontal cortex [49,50], superior temporal gyrus [51], an ...