The Structure of Pairwise Correlation in Mouse Primary Visual
... Throughout sensory systems, neurons are organized by response preference, so that like-responding neurons are close to each other, creating a functional map [e.g., orientation pinwheels in primary visual cortex (V1)]. Despite the ubiquity of maps, their role is unclear. For example, although rodent ...
... Throughout sensory systems, neurons are organized by response preference, so that like-responding neurons are close to each other, creating a functional map [e.g., orientation pinwheels in primary visual cortex (V1)]. Despite the ubiquity of maps, their role is unclear. For example, although rodent ...
Weak orientation and direction selectivity in lateral geniculate
... cells in the sample, as 95% of LGN cells responded significantly to this combination, and spatial frequency tuning and temporal frequency tuning were not narrow for the majority of LGN cells (Van Hooser et al. 2003; see Figs. 10 and 11). We report results here for the subset of cells that exhibited ...
... cells in the sample, as 95% of LGN cells responded significantly to this combination, and spatial frequency tuning and temporal frequency tuning were not narrow for the majority of LGN cells (Van Hooser et al. 2003; see Figs. 10 and 11). We report results here for the subset of cells that exhibited ...
Vestibular System: The Many Facets of a
... a century ago by Sherrington (1906). By recording from individual neurons at each successive stage in a reflex pathway (reviewed in Goldberg 2000), quantitative levels of sensorimotor processing were established. Using this approach, studies in reduced or in-vitro preparations have provided important ...
... a century ago by Sherrington (1906). By recording from individual neurons at each successive stage in a reflex pathway (reviewed in Goldberg 2000), quantitative levels of sensorimotor processing were established. Using this approach, studies in reduced or in-vitro preparations have provided important ...
Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical
... circuits. On the other hand, for systems neurophysiologists working with alert animals, who have long recorded single neurons with tremendous success in uncovering neural correlates of behavior, understanding coordinated neural population patterns in a circuit represents a new challenge. Moreover, c ...
... circuits. On the other hand, for systems neurophysiologists working with alert animals, who have long recorded single neurons with tremendous success in uncovering neural correlates of behavior, understanding coordinated neural population patterns in a circuit represents a new challenge. Moreover, c ...
download file
... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
... enriched housing cage had four levels linked by ramps (Fig. 1B). Hanging chains and wind chimes hung over the entrance of two levels and produced unique sounds with rat movements. A rat’s movement onto two of the three ramps triggered delivery of a ramp-specific tone (lowest ramp ⫽ 2.1 kHz; highest ...
Psilocybin Final Project-PDF
... The concentration and effects increase rapidly than plateau for almost an hour before decreasing. After 5-6 hours, the plasma Psilocin concentration will decrease to a level (in this case ~2 ng/ml) in which the effects are mostly gone. Desired effects also depend on individual susceptibility. ...
... The concentration and effects increase rapidly than plateau for almost an hour before decreasing. After 5-6 hours, the plasma Psilocin concentration will decrease to a level (in this case ~2 ng/ml) in which the effects are mostly gone. Desired effects also depend on individual susceptibility. ...
FREE Sample Here
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing
... primates including humans. This approach is important, for it appears that some of the underlying principles of taste and olfactory processing are different in rodents, as described below. The focus of this paper is on processing in the brain, with research on peripheral processing described elsewhe ...
... primates including humans. This approach is important, for it appears that some of the underlying principles of taste and olfactory processing are different in rodents, as described below. The focus of this paper is on processing in the brain, with research on peripheral processing described elsewhe ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... KEY WORDS: medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, memory, CA1, subiculum, .presubiculum, area 29, lateral prefrontal cortex, working memory ...
... KEY WORDS: medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, memory, CA1, subiculum, .presubiculum, area 29, lateral prefrontal cortex, working memory ...
Temporal coding in the gustatory system
... (MacLeod et al., 1998) but are necessary for some fine discrimination to take place (Nusser et al., 2001; Stopfer et al., 1997). Collectively, such data can be used to assert the functionality of temporal coding, and thus its relevance to neural processing of sensory stimuli. In this context, the tas ...
... (MacLeod et al., 1998) but are necessary for some fine discrimination to take place (Nusser et al., 2001; Stopfer et al., 1997). Collectively, such data can be used to assert the functionality of temporal coding, and thus its relevance to neural processing of sensory stimuli. In this context, the tas ...
Neural substrates for conditioned taste aversion in the rat.
... visceral zone of the NTS [32]. Anatomical studies [66,109,125] suggest that these two parts of the NTS project to different subnuclei in the PBN, i.e., the majority of neurons from the gustatory zone of NTS project to the medial subnuclei of PBN and from the visceral zone of NTS to the lateral subnu ...
... visceral zone of the NTS [32]. Anatomical studies [66,109,125] suggest that these two parts of the NTS project to different subnuclei in the PBN, i.e., the majority of neurons from the gustatory zone of NTS project to the medial subnuclei of PBN and from the visceral zone of NTS to the lateral subnu ...
Resting-state Functional mR imaging
... acquisition is either to keep eyes open or closed (with indications that eyes closed gives weaker temporal BOLD connections throughout the brain [10]), not to fall asleep, and not to think of anything in particular. Some investigators instruct subjects to focus on a fixation point. Since the precise ...
... acquisition is either to keep eyes open or closed (with indications that eyes closed gives weaker temporal BOLD connections throughout the brain [10]), not to fall asleep, and not to think of anything in particular. Some investigators instruct subjects to focus on a fixation point. Since the precise ...
world-of-psychology-7th-edition-wood-test-bank
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
Differential Temporal Storage Capacity in the Baseline Activity of
... significant (Mann–Whitney U test, P ⬍ 0.01). The numbers above this line reflect the start and end times of the interval in which a significant difference persisted for ⬎100 ms. C: baseline activity during the selected 100-ms interval (800 –700 ms prior to array presentation) in each trial is shown ...
... significant (Mann–Whitney U test, P ⬍ 0.01). The numbers above this line reflect the start and end times of the interval in which a significant difference persisted for ⬎100 ms. C: baseline activity during the selected 100-ms interval (800 –700 ms prior to array presentation) in each trial is shown ...
Kandel ch. 43 + Two review papers
... highly organized connections with virtually the entire cerebral cortex, as well as the hippocampus and amygdala. Finally, a wide range of motor and nonmotor behaviors have been correlated with activity in individual basal ganglia neurons in experimental animals and with metabolic activity in the bas ...
... highly organized connections with virtually the entire cerebral cortex, as well as the hippocampus and amygdala. Finally, a wide range of motor and nonmotor behaviors have been correlated with activity in individual basal ganglia neurons in experimental animals and with metabolic activity in the bas ...
Sample
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
... 21. When a cell is “at rest,” it is in a state called the __________. a) stopping point b) obcipitation junction Incorrect. This is a fictitious word. c) resting potential Correct. A cell at rest is in a state called the resting potential. d) action potential ANS: c, p. 40, C, LO=2.2, (1) 22. The me ...
Orientation topography of layer 4 lateral networks revealed by
... the resulting anatomical maps compared with the optically imaged functional maps. Layer 4 injections produced extensive horizontal labelling up to 2±3 mm from the injection centres albeit without the clear patchy pattern described after layer 2/3 injections (Gilbert & Wiesel, 1989, J. Neurosci., 9, ...
... the resulting anatomical maps compared with the optically imaged functional maps. Layer 4 injections produced extensive horizontal labelling up to 2±3 mm from the injection centres albeit without the clear patchy pattern described after layer 2/3 injections (Gilbert & Wiesel, 1989, J. Neurosci., 9, ...
Anatomical organization of the eye fields in the human and non
... 1890). Finally, the human homolog of the monkey CEF is not known. Because of the lack of studies examining the human CEF, it cannot be excluded that the region of increased activity on the medial surface of the frontal lobe that Grosbras et al. (1999) reported in relation to oculomotor performance m ...
... 1890). Finally, the human homolog of the monkey CEF is not known. Because of the lack of studies examining the human CEF, it cannot be excluded that the region of increased activity on the medial surface of the frontal lobe that Grosbras et al. (1999) reported in relation to oculomotor performance m ...
Activation of the hypothalamic feeding centre upon visual
... by internal signals such as blood sugar levels, but also by the recognition of the availability of food sources in the environment. For example, neuronal activity has been observed in the hypothalamic feeding centre during appetitive and consummatory behaviours in rodents6 and at the sight of famili ...
... by internal signals such as blood sugar levels, but also by the recognition of the availability of food sources in the environment. For example, neuronal activity has been observed in the hypothalamic feeding centre during appetitive and consummatory behaviours in rodents6 and at the sight of famili ...
Measuring Cortical Thickness - McConnell Brain Imaging Centre
... this approach finds the shortest line from the cortical surface to the grey and white matter boundary - though the direction which that line could take may be constrained. The use of this straight-line method was initially implemented in the study of post-mortem specimen, where the investigator woul ...
... this approach finds the shortest line from the cortical surface to the grey and white matter boundary - though the direction which that line could take may be constrained. The use of this straight-line method was initially implemented in the study of post-mortem specimen, where the investigator woul ...
A Brain-to-Brain Interface for Real
... microstimulation (ICMS) has been added to the classical BMI paradigm to allow artificial sensory feedback signals7,8, generated by these brain-controlled actuators, to be delivered back to the subject’s brain simultaneously with the extraction of cortical motor commands9,10. In the present study, we ...
... microstimulation (ICMS) has been added to the classical BMI paradigm to allow artificial sensory feedback signals7,8, generated by these brain-controlled actuators, to be delivered back to the subject’s brain simultaneously with the extraction of cortical motor commands9,10. In the present study, we ...
PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX NEURONS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO
... increasing size and sophistication, each effectively a local filter, situated at each successive stage. In this bottom-up “vision-as-analysis” framework, neurons in the primary visual cortex (area V1) are sensitive only or principally to stimulation within spatially restricted receptive fields (clas ...
... increasing size and sophistication, each effectively a local filter, situated at each successive stage. In this bottom-up “vision-as-analysis” framework, neurons in the primary visual cortex (area V1) are sensitive only or principally to stimulation within spatially restricted receptive fields (clas ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
... each case (total = 8 in 5 cases), and 1--3 pieces from the middle layers (total = 8 in 5 cases), representative of the labeling in area Ts1 (cases AY, BG, BC, BA), or in area Ts3 (case BF). The sites sampled from architectonic area Ts1 were matched for rostro-caudal level across cases (cases AY, BG, ...
... each case (total = 8 in 5 cases), and 1--3 pieces from the middle layers (total = 8 in 5 cases), representative of the labeling in area Ts1 (cases AY, BG, BC, BA), or in area Ts3 (case BF). The sites sampled from architectonic area Ts1 were matched for rostro-caudal level across cases (cases AY, BG, ...
Refinement of feedforward projections, neuronal density, and
... would be activated more than non-visually activated neurons, and the former, more active neurons will produce more cytokines, leading to the proliferation of more astrocytes. Astrocytes, in turn, will be important for the elimination of synapses. Thus, this mechanism could explain how visual experi ...
... would be activated more than non-visually activated neurons, and the former, more active neurons will produce more cytokines, leading to the proliferation of more astrocytes. Astrocytes, in turn, will be important for the elimination of synapses. Thus, this mechanism could explain how visual experi ...
Behavioral consequences of abnormal cortical development
... will be compared. This emphasis on these cortical afferent systems stems from our own work which first demonstrated a developmental role for acetylcholine in cortical morphogenesis and subsequently in adult cognitive behaviors in mouse [7,89]. In the process of reviewing the relevant literature and ...
... will be compared. This emphasis on these cortical afferent systems stems from our own work which first demonstrated a developmental role for acetylcholine in cortical morphogenesis and subsequently in adult cognitive behaviors in mouse [7,89]. In the process of reviewing the relevant literature and ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.