The basis of the stress reaction
... signals (such as hypoglycaemia, hypoxia, oxidative stress, poisoning and changes in osmolarity) could affect receptors (and thus activate neuronal pathways that send information about stress) and humoral pathways. These signals enter the CNS via circumventricular organs3,14. These pathways do not wo ...
... signals (such as hypoglycaemia, hypoxia, oxidative stress, poisoning and changes in osmolarity) could affect receptors (and thus activate neuronal pathways that send information about stress) and humoral pathways. These signals enter the CNS via circumventricular organs3,14. These pathways do not wo ...
The Big Picture File
... • Firmly adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, following all the minor contours of the brain (called gyri and sulci) • The pia is pierced by blood vessels which travel to the brain and spinal cord, and its capillaries are responsible for nourishing the brain ...
... • Firmly adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, following all the minor contours of the brain (called gyri and sulci) • The pia is pierced by blood vessels which travel to the brain and spinal cord, and its capillaries are responsible for nourishing the brain ...
Midbrain fMRI: Applications, Limitations and Challenges
... Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Faculty for Natural Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany M. Guitart-Masip · N. Weiskopf Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK M. ...
... Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Faculty for Natural Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany M. Guitart-Masip · N. Weiskopf Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK M. ...
The contribution of sleep to hippocampus
... improved in cognitive skill (i.e. speed of number processing) across sleep [27]. To summarize, sleep supports the consolidation of both declarative and procedural memories. In conditions of competition between explicit and implicit moments, explicit aspects of memory representations seem to be prefe ...
... improved in cognitive skill (i.e. speed of number processing) across sleep [27]. To summarize, sleep supports the consolidation of both declarative and procedural memories. In conditions of competition between explicit and implicit moments, explicit aspects of memory representations seem to be prefe ...
An Animal Model of Early-treated PKU
... group 2 and the controls were littermates, matched for sex, weight, and size: they differed only in their postnatal treatment. The daily subcutaneous injections were prepared according to the protocol of DelValle and Greengard (DelValle et al., 1978: Brass and Greengard, 1982) and began on postnatal ...
... group 2 and the controls were littermates, matched for sex, weight, and size: they differed only in their postnatal treatment. The daily subcutaneous injections were prepared according to the protocol of DelValle and Greengard (DelValle et al., 1978: Brass and Greengard, 1982) and began on postnatal ...
Presentazione standard di PowerPoint
... In his comment on the paper by Tomassy et al.(1), Douglas Fields (2) said:” It is certainly time to set aside the frayed metaphor of myelin as insulation and appreciate the more fascinating reality”. The revolutionary data demonstrated that myelination is not homogeneous: there appear to exist large ...
... In his comment on the paper by Tomassy et al.(1), Douglas Fields (2) said:” It is certainly time to set aside the frayed metaphor of myelin as insulation and appreciate the more fascinating reality”. The revolutionary data demonstrated that myelination is not homogeneous: there appear to exist large ...
A forward genetic screen with a thalamocortical emx2
... reporter expresses beta-galactosidase in dorsal thalamic neurons (dTh) starting from E13, and reveals the development of their axon trajectory (TCAs) to cortex (ctx). Cortical axons are not labeled by the reporter. Olfactory axons are labeled in the anterior commissure (aca); some cells in hippocamp ...
... reporter expresses beta-galactosidase in dorsal thalamic neurons (dTh) starting from E13, and reveals the development of their axon trajectory (TCAs) to cortex (ctx). Cortical axons are not labeled by the reporter. Olfactory axons are labeled in the anterior commissure (aca); some cells in hippocamp ...
BRAIN - ESPN.com
... deterioration (‘punch drunk’) that occurred after repetitive brain trauma in boxers (Martland, 1928). Although originally termed ‘dementia pugilistica’ (Millspaugh, 1937), the recognition that activities other than boxing were associated with its development lead to the preferred use of terms such a ...
... deterioration (‘punch drunk’) that occurred after repetitive brain trauma in boxers (Martland, 1928). Although originally termed ‘dementia pugilistica’ (Millspaugh, 1937), the recognition that activities other than boxing were associated with its development lead to the preferred use of terms such a ...
EEG & Sleep
... • Grand mal epilepsy is characterized by extreme neuronal discharges in all areas of the brain cerebral cortex, deep parts of cerebrum, and brain stem. • Discharges transmitted into the spinal cord sometimes cause generalized tonic seizures of the entire body, followed by alternating tonic and spa ...
... • Grand mal epilepsy is characterized by extreme neuronal discharges in all areas of the brain cerebral cortex, deep parts of cerebrum, and brain stem. • Discharges transmitted into the spinal cord sometimes cause generalized tonic seizures of the entire body, followed by alternating tonic and spa ...
FREE Sample Here
... MOD: Module 2-1 Neurons: The Body’s Wiring OBJ: 2.3 KEY: Evaluate/Explain NOT: www Which of the following is NOT true of action potentials? A) They are generated according to an all-or-none principle. B) They all travel at the same speed. C) They are electrical charges that shoot down the axon. D) T ...
... MOD: Module 2-1 Neurons: The Body’s Wiring OBJ: 2.3 KEY: Evaluate/Explain NOT: www Which of the following is NOT true of action potentials? A) They are generated according to an all-or-none principle. B) They all travel at the same speed. C) They are electrical charges that shoot down the axon. D) T ...
Psilocybin Final Project-PDF
... which includes the medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, is responsible for introspective thought, self-reflection and ingrained patterns of behavior. If this becomes overly engaged with negative thoughts or cravings it can lead to the previously mentioned ...
... which includes the medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, is responsible for introspective thought, self-reflection and ingrained patterns of behavior. If this becomes overly engaged with negative thoughts or cravings it can lead to the previously mentioned ...
Cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal
... Yakushin et al., 2000b). Thus, the NOT-DTN in the monkey not only plays an important role for the optokinetic nystagmus but for all slow eye movements. In the DLPN, several types of neurons have been found, including purely visual, eye movement-related, and visual-pursuit neurons. The visual and vis ...
... Yakushin et al., 2000b). Thus, the NOT-DTN in the monkey not only plays an important role for the optokinetic nystagmus but for all slow eye movements. In the DLPN, several types of neurons have been found, including purely visual, eye movement-related, and visual-pursuit neurons. The visual and vis ...
Increased prefrontal activity and reduced motor cortex
... were performed to reveal group averaged data. To first investigate the hypothesis regarding potential group differences between experienced and inexperienced lifters we first compared the group of experienced weight lifters with the group of weight lifting novices by calculating [(eccentric > concen ...
... were performed to reveal group averaged data. To first investigate the hypothesis regarding potential group differences between experienced and inexperienced lifters we first compared the group of experienced weight lifters with the group of weight lifting novices by calculating [(eccentric > concen ...
Table of Contents
... tagged chemicals serve as markers of blood flow or metabolic activity in the brain that are monitored by X-ray – (MRI) magnetic resonance imaging - uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computer enhancement to image brain structure – (fMRI)functional magnetic resonance imaging – RealTable of Conten ...
... tagged chemicals serve as markers of blood flow or metabolic activity in the brain that are monitored by X-ray – (MRI) magnetic resonance imaging - uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computer enhancement to image brain structure – (fMRI)functional magnetic resonance imaging – RealTable of Conten ...
Subgraphs of functional brain networks identify dynamical
... demand is required. Such a capability would improve our understanding of which components of functional brain networks are important for different facets of cognitive control, and how these components encode shifts between cognitively demanding states. In the present work, we identified components o ...
... demand is required. Such a capability would improve our understanding of which components of functional brain networks are important for different facets of cognitive control, and how these components encode shifts between cognitively demanding states. In the present work, we identified components o ...
Representation of Umami Taste in the Human Brain
... glucose and umami taste stimuli, providing evidence that umami is specifically activating regions that are demonstrably activated by classical taste stimuli. To reveal the main effects produced by the three umami stimuli (umami taste), we show in Fig. 2 the conjunction across stimulus conditions and ...
... glucose and umami taste stimuli, providing evidence that umami is specifically activating regions that are demonstrably activated by classical taste stimuli. To reveal the main effects produced by the three umami stimuli (umami taste), we show in Fig. 2 the conjunction across stimulus conditions and ...
Deep Brain stimulation in the Treatment of Dystonia – The
... involves neurosurgical placement of electrodes in the Globus pallidus internus(GPi) of the basal ganglia, an area in the brain governing movement.10-‐11 Historically ablative therapies were used for ...
... involves neurosurgical placement of electrodes in the Globus pallidus internus(GPi) of the basal ganglia, an area in the brain governing movement.10-‐11 Historically ablative therapies were used for ...
final scientific program
... These methodological advances have expanded our knowledge of brain functioning beyond the single neuron level. At the same time, our understanding of how neuronal ensembles carry information has allowed the development of brain-machine interfaces (BMI) to enhance the capabilities of patients with se ...
... These methodological advances have expanded our knowledge of brain functioning beyond the single neuron level. At the same time, our understanding of how neuronal ensembles carry information has allowed the development of brain-machine interfaces (BMI) to enhance the capabilities of patients with se ...
Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat
... or axon collaterals running horizontally through cortical gray matter as opposed to either thalamic input or the white matter connections typically considered to underlie the connectome (Frostig et al. 2008). To explore the anatomical basis of the cortical activity spreads further, small, shallow in ...
... or axon collaterals running horizontally through cortical gray matter as opposed to either thalamic input or the white matter connections typically considered to underlie the connectome (Frostig et al. 2008). To explore the anatomical basis of the cortical activity spreads further, small, shallow in ...
Serotonergic Integration of Circadian Clock and Ultradian Sleep
... Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute of International Health, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan, 2Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development and 3Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-sh ...
... Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute of International Health, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan, 2Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development and 3Laboratory for Neurobiology of Synapse, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-sh ...
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
... activate the thalamus and the cerebral cortex. A key switch in the hypothalamus shuts off this arousal system during sleep. Other hypothalamic neurons stabilize the switch, and their absence results in inappropriate switching of behavioural states, such as occurs in narcolepsy. These findings explai ...
... activate the thalamus and the cerebral cortex. A key switch in the hypothalamus shuts off this arousal system during sleep. Other hypothalamic neurons stabilize the switch, and their absence results in inappropriate switching of behavioural states, such as occurs in narcolepsy. These findings explai ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... In the experiment described here, we compared brain responses to a warm pleasant stimulus (41°C) applied to the hand (warm2), a cool unpleasant stimulus (12°C) applied to the hand (cold), a combined warm and cold stimulus (warm2⫹cold), and a second combination designed to be less pleasant (39 ⫹ 12°C ...
... In the experiment described here, we compared brain responses to a warm pleasant stimulus (41°C) applied to the hand (warm2), a cool unpleasant stimulus (12°C) applied to the hand (cold), a combined warm and cold stimulus (warm2⫹cold), and a second combination designed to be less pleasant (39 ⫹ 12°C ...
body proportions in infancy and early childhood
... • A process in which neurons form synapses and thereby increase connections with other • Peaks in different brain regions at different ages • Transient exuberance – the explosion in connections in the early years of life – The brain makes more connections than it needs in preparation to receive any ...
... • A process in which neurons form synapses and thereby increase connections with other • Peaks in different brain regions at different ages • Transient exuberance – the explosion in connections in the early years of life – The brain makes more connections than it needs in preparation to receive any ...
Brain Stimulation for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
... regions have since been identified as promising targets for DBS treatment of pain, including the somatosensory thalamic nuclei (Mazars, 1975), the motor cortex (Tsubokawa et al., 1993), the internal capsule (Adams et al., 1974), periaqueductal gray area, pariventricular gray, the raphe nuclei (Olive ...
... regions have since been identified as promising targets for DBS treatment of pain, including the somatosensory thalamic nuclei (Mazars, 1975), the motor cortex (Tsubokawa et al., 1993), the internal capsule (Adams et al., 1974), periaqueductal gray area, pariventricular gray, the raphe nuclei (Olive ...