Central Nervous System
... Tracts –axons running to or from Projection – vertical tracts, responsible for the communication between the cerebral cortex and lower CNS Association (arcuate) – connect gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere Commissural – connects gyri between left and right hemispheres ...
... Tracts –axons running to or from Projection – vertical tracts, responsible for the communication between the cerebral cortex and lower CNS Association (arcuate) – connect gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere Commissural – connects gyri between left and right hemispheres ...
Neuroscience and Behavior (The Brain)
... • It is the body’s ultimate control and informationprocessing center • It forms a thin surface layer on your cerebral hemispheres • The larger cortex of mammals offers increased capacities for learning and thinking allowing them to be more adaptable* ...
... • It is the body’s ultimate control and informationprocessing center • It forms a thin surface layer on your cerebral hemispheres • The larger cortex of mammals offers increased capacities for learning and thinking allowing them to be more adaptable* ...
Brain Lecture - Scott County Schools
... reticular formation of white rats they mistakenly implanted the electrode in a region of the hypothalamus – The rat kept returning to the place in his cage where he received the electrical stimulation – They had discovered a reward center in the ...
... reticular formation of white rats they mistakenly implanted the electrode in a region of the hypothalamus – The rat kept returning to the place in his cage where he received the electrical stimulation – They had discovered a reward center in the ...
The Evolution of Reentrance in the Vertebrate Brain
... of increasing size. For example, while the hedgehog has only 8 clearly defined regions in its cortex, the cat has at least 24. Along with this increase in structural complexity is an increase in behavioral sophistication. This trend continues in primates. Felleman and Van Essen (1991) identified at ...
... of increasing size. For example, while the hedgehog has only 8 clearly defined regions in its cortex, the cat has at least 24. Along with this increase in structural complexity is an increase in behavioral sophistication. This trend continues in primates. Felleman and Van Essen (1991) identified at ...
teach-eng-mod2
... • Some technique is used to measure a signal in the brain (e.g., the degree to which an xray beam is attenuated in CT) • Brain is broken down into a grid of cubes (voxels, or volume elements • The voxels are converted to pixels (picture elements) so that the brain images can be visualized • High spe ...
... • Some technique is used to measure a signal in the brain (e.g., the degree to which an xray beam is attenuated in CT) • Brain is broken down into a grid of cubes (voxels, or volume elements • The voxels are converted to pixels (picture elements) so that the brain images can be visualized • High spe ...
1 Background to psychobiology - Assets
... An important group of forebrain structures were defined in the 1930s and their key role was assumed to reflect motivational and emotional processing (Papez, 1937). MacLean (1949) provided further modifications to what was then called ‘Papez circuit’, and we now refer to it as the limbic (‘ringshaped’) ...
... An important group of forebrain structures were defined in the 1930s and their key role was assumed to reflect motivational and emotional processing (Papez, 1937). MacLean (1949) provided further modifications to what was then called ‘Papez circuit’, and we now refer to it as the limbic (‘ringshaped’) ...
This guide is for middle and high school students participating... of the Human Brain and Sheep Brain Dissections. Programs... Distance Learning Program
... Pia Mater - The fine vascular membrane that closely envelops the brain and spinal cord under the arachnoid and the dura mater. Pituitary Gland- A small oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and a posterior lobe, the secretions of which contro ...
... Pia Mater - The fine vascular membrane that closely envelops the brain and spinal cord under the arachnoid and the dura mater. Pituitary Gland- A small oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and a posterior lobe, the secretions of which contro ...
The Central Nervous System LBHS Version
... The vertebrate central nervous system contains the brain and the spinal cord, which are covered and protected by three meninges. ...
... The vertebrate central nervous system contains the brain and the spinal cord, which are covered and protected by three meninges. ...
Perception, learning and memory - Max-Planck
... transfer information, and are arranged into complex cellular circuits. These cells communicate via synapses, which are junctions that allow the transfer of chemical or electrical information from one neuron to the next (Fig. 1). Neurons are the most diverse cell type in the body. They are usually po ...
... transfer information, and are arranged into complex cellular circuits. These cells communicate via synapses, which are junctions that allow the transfer of chemical or electrical information from one neuron to the next (Fig. 1). Neurons are the most diverse cell type in the body. They are usually po ...
chapter 11 ppt additional
... including body temperature regulation; regulation food intake; emotional response, autonomic control, thirst, sleep-wake cycle; endocrine system function • 3. Epithalamus- pineal secretes melatonin; choroid plexus for CSF ...
... including body temperature regulation; regulation food intake; emotional response, autonomic control, thirst, sleep-wake cycle; endocrine system function • 3. Epithalamus- pineal secretes melatonin; choroid plexus for CSF ...
A.P. Psychology Rubric: Chapter 2 10 point question Question: You
... Recognize that the temporal lobes are associated with hearing. Example: The temporal lobes would allow the checker player to hear the sound of the pieces as she moves them across the board or hear her say, “KING,” triumphantly. 1 point: hippocampus Recognize that the hippocampus is involved in the f ...
... Recognize that the temporal lobes are associated with hearing. Example: The temporal lobes would allow the checker player to hear the sound of the pieces as she moves them across the board or hear her say, “KING,” triumphantly. 1 point: hippocampus Recognize that the hippocampus is involved in the f ...
Nervous System
... Neurons are similar to other cells in the body because: 1.Neurons are surrounded by a cell membrane. 2.Neurons have a nucleus that contains genes. 3.Neurons contain cytoplasm, mitochondria and other organelles. 4.Neurons carry out basic cellular processes such as protein synthesis and energy product ...
... Neurons are similar to other cells in the body because: 1.Neurons are surrounded by a cell membrane. 2.Neurons have a nucleus that contains genes. 3.Neurons contain cytoplasm, mitochondria and other organelles. 4.Neurons carry out basic cellular processes such as protein synthesis and energy product ...
13 Anatomy of the Metencephalon and Mesencephalon
... – Lateral to the red nucleus is the melanin-containing substantia nigra which secretes dopamine to inhibit the excitatory neurons of the basal nuclei. • Damage to the substantia nigra would cause what? ...
... – Lateral to the red nucleus is the melanin-containing substantia nigra which secretes dopamine to inhibit the excitatory neurons of the basal nuclei. • Damage to the substantia nigra would cause what? ...
Somatic Sensory Systems
... systems or general sensory systems. The somatic sensory systems include the senses of touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception. The receptors that are responsible for these senses are scattered throughout the body both internally and externally. The receptors of the general senses can be divided ...
... systems or general sensory systems. The somatic sensory systems include the senses of touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception. The receptors that are responsible for these senses are scattered throughout the body both internally and externally. The receptors of the general senses can be divided ...
Major Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology
... The two hemispheres tend to be similar in structure and function. Each have specializes in certain functions. Right Hemisphere: Musical and artistic ability, space and pattern recognition, emotional content of language, odor discrimination. ...
... The two hemispheres tend to be similar in structure and function. Each have specializes in certain functions. Right Hemisphere: Musical and artistic ability, space and pattern recognition, emotional content of language, odor discrimination. ...
Prezentacja programu PowerPoint
... Functional brain areas Gray Matter of Cerebral Cortex (pol. istota szara kory mózgu) consists mainly of neuronal cell bodies and non-neuron brain cells. Cerebral Cortex is evolutionary youngest and most complex structure of the brain. It is divided into four different lobes, the frontal, parietal, ...
... Functional brain areas Gray Matter of Cerebral Cortex (pol. istota szara kory mózgu) consists mainly of neuronal cell bodies and non-neuron brain cells. Cerebral Cortex is evolutionary youngest and most complex structure of the brain. It is divided into four different lobes, the frontal, parietal, ...
Neural Networks
... The brain differs from other biophysical systems it is inherently complex, dynamic and plastic … and it can not average effects like in other systems One cannot ignore complexity of brain with human social environment…. The complexity of individuals enriches the dynamics of the society of neurons… S ...
... The brain differs from other biophysical systems it is inherently complex, dynamic and plastic … and it can not average effects like in other systems One cannot ignore complexity of brain with human social environment…. The complexity of individuals enriches the dynamics of the society of neurons… S ...
Chapter 7: the Nervous System
... • Reflexes are integrated by your spinal cord NOT your brain, hence they are not conscious actions ...
... • Reflexes are integrated by your spinal cord NOT your brain, hence they are not conscious actions ...
VCE Psychology Trail - Unit 1
... inside us and in our environment. It makes sure that all of our body systems work together. The nervous system allows us to think and make decisions, carry out different actions and store memories. 1. Highlight the components of the central nervous and peripheral nervous systems in different colours ...
... inside us and in our environment. It makes sure that all of our body systems work together. The nervous system allows us to think and make decisions, carry out different actions and store memories. 1. Highlight the components of the central nervous and peripheral nervous systems in different colours ...
6 Ways to Boost Brain Power
... The brain is mostly fat—all those cell membranes and myelin coverings require fatty acids—so it is important to eat certain fats, particularly omega-3 fats, which are found in fish, nuts and seeds. Alzheimer’s disease, depression, schizophrenia and other disorders may be associated with low levels o ...
... The brain is mostly fat—all those cell membranes and myelin coverings require fatty acids—so it is important to eat certain fats, particularly omega-3 fats, which are found in fish, nuts and seeds. Alzheimer’s disease, depression, schizophrenia and other disorders may be associated with low levels o ...
Human brain
The human brain is the main organ of the human nervous system. It is located in the head, protected by the skull. It has the same general structure as the brains of other mammals, but with a more developed cerebral cortex. Large animals such as whales and elephants have larger brains in absolute terms, but when measured using a measure of relative brain size, which compensates for body size, the quotient for the human brain is almost twice as large as that of a bottlenose dolphin, and three times as large as that of a chimpanzee. Much of the size of the human brain comes from the cerebral cortex, especially the frontal lobes, which are associated with executive functions such as self-control, planning, reasoning, and abstract thought. The area of the cerebral cortex devoted to vision, the visual cortex, is also greatly enlarged in humans compared to other animals.The human cerebral cortex is a thick layer of neural tissue that covers most of the brain. This layer is folded in a way that increases the amount of surface that can fit into the volume available. The pattern of folds is similar across individuals, although there are many small variations. The cortex is divided into four lobes – the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. (Some classification systems also include a limbic lobe and treat the insular cortex as a lobe.) Within each lobe are numerous cortical areas, each associated with a particular function, including vision, motor control, and language. The left and right sides of the cortex are broadly similar in shape, and most cortical areas are replicated on both sides. Some areas, though, show strong lateralization, particularly areas that are involved in language. In most people, the left hemisphere is dominant for language, with the right hemisphere playing only a minor role. There are other functions, such as visual-spatial ability, for which the right hemisphere is usually dominant.Despite being protected by the thick bones of the skull, suspended in cerebrospinal fluid, and isolated from the bloodstream by the blood–brain barrier, the human brain is susceptible to damage and disease. The most common forms of physical damage are closed head injuries such as a blow to the head, a stroke, or poisoning by a variety of chemicals which can act as neurotoxins, such as ethanol alcohol. Infection of the brain, though serious, is rare because of the biological barriers which protect it. The human brain is also susceptible to degenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease, (mostly as the result of aging) and multiple sclerosis. A number of psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and clinical depression, are thought to be associated with brain dysfunctions, although the nature of these is not well understood. The brain can also be the site of brain tumors and these can be benign or malignant.There are some techniques for studying the brain that are used in other animals that are just not suitable for use in humans and vice versa. It is easier to obtain individual brain cells taken from other animals, for study. It is also possible to use invasive techniques in other animals such as inserting electrodes into the brain or disabling certains parts of the brain in order to examine the effects on behaviour – techniques that are not possible to be used in humans. However, only humans can respond to complex verbal instructions or be of use in the study of important brain functions such as language and other complex cognitive tasks, but studies from humans and from other animals, can be of mutual help. Medical imaging technologies such as functional neuroimaging and EEG recordings are important techniques in studying the brain. The complete functional understanding of the human brain is an ongoing challenge for neuroscience.