Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia
... The cerebral cortex is linked to the striatum via cortico-subcortical pathways, from where information is transmitted to the globus pallidus pars internalis or the substantia nigra pars reticulata (which physiologically and anatomically constitute one structure) or via the ventral globus pallidus re ...
... The cerebral cortex is linked to the striatum via cortico-subcortical pathways, from where information is transmitted to the globus pallidus pars internalis or the substantia nigra pars reticulata (which physiologically and anatomically constitute one structure) or via the ventral globus pallidus re ...
remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex and
... AbstractöMost functional imaging studies of memory retrieval investigate memory for standardized laboratory stimuli. However, naturally acquired autobiographical memories di¡er from memories of standardized stimuli in important ways. Neuroimaging studies of natural memories may reveal distinctive pa ...
... AbstractöMost functional imaging studies of memory retrieval investigate memory for standardized laboratory stimuli. However, naturally acquired autobiographical memories di¡er from memories of standardized stimuli in important ways. Neuroimaging studies of natural memories may reveal distinctive pa ...
The role of mirror neurons in speech perception and
... particularly compelling (Hickok, 2009a). The TMS/EMG studies, as well as the functional imaging studies demonstrate correlation not causation, and further, do not rule out a motor preparation or motor priming interpretation of the findings. The neuropsychological evidence is potentially more convinc ...
... particularly compelling (Hickok, 2009a). The TMS/EMG studies, as well as the functional imaging studies demonstrate correlation not causation, and further, do not rule out a motor preparation or motor priming interpretation of the findings. The neuropsychological evidence is potentially more convinc ...
Nervous and Endocrine Systems
... The nervous and endocrine systems have different methods and rates of communication. Think about your endocrine system as working like a satellite television system. A satellite sends signals in all directions, but only televisions that have special receivers can get those signals. Your endocrine sy ...
... The nervous and endocrine systems have different methods and rates of communication. Think about your endocrine system as working like a satellite television system. A satellite sends signals in all directions, but only televisions that have special receivers can get those signals. Your endocrine sy ...
Semantic ambiguity processing in sentence context: Evidence from
... context, which in this experiment occurs downstream toward the end of the sentence, or whether in the case of the unbalanced homographs used in this experiment an earlier choice can be carried out, based on frequency-based meaning dominance, in which case the context must ‘overwrite’ this initially ...
... context, which in this experiment occurs downstream toward the end of the sentence, or whether in the case of the unbalanced homographs used in this experiment an earlier choice can be carried out, based on frequency-based meaning dominance, in which case the context must ‘overwrite’ this initially ...
MSc Thesis Template Document
... Figure 40 Synapse or Syndesis or Synapsis .................................................................................. 37 Figure 41 The Synaptic Gap at a Synapse .................................................................................... 38 Figure 42 Neurons: Synapses in the Neural Ne ...
... Figure 40 Synapse or Syndesis or Synapsis .................................................................................. 37 Figure 41 The Synaptic Gap at a Synapse .................................................................................... 38 Figure 42 Neurons: Synapses in the Neural Ne ...
Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions during Learning May Occur by Lactate
... vocal structures, initially used for a variety of non-linguistic reasons (chewing, larynx protection, size exaggeration), were pre-existing conditions to, and provided the anatomical basis for, the evolution of language (e.g., MacNeilage, 2010). The very emergence of abstract cognitive abilities in ...
... vocal structures, initially used for a variety of non-linguistic reasons (chewing, larynx protection, size exaggeration), were pre-existing conditions to, and provided the anatomical basis for, the evolution of language (e.g., MacNeilage, 2010). The very emergence of abstract cognitive abilities in ...
Cortical EEG correlates of successful memory encoding
... regions need to be transformed and bound together into cohesive internal representations via mechanisms of temporal synchronization (Engel and Singer, 2001; TallonBaudry and Bertrand, 1999) and conjunctive coding (e.g., Barlow, 1972; O0 Reilly and Norman, 2002; O’Reilly and Rudy, 2001). Second, the ...
... regions need to be transformed and bound together into cohesive internal representations via mechanisms of temporal synchronization (Engel and Singer, 2001; TallonBaudry and Bertrand, 1999) and conjunctive coding (e.g., Barlow, 1972; O0 Reilly and Norman, 2002; O’Reilly and Rudy, 2001). Second, the ...
urn_nbn_fi_jyu-20
... received the Harvard-based “Ig Nobel Prize” in 2004 for this work, awarded for scientific achievements that “first make people laugh, and then make them think”, as the “missed gorilla” setting seems so bizarre at first sight. Still, the paper quickly brought them real fame via psychology textbook ch ...
... received the Harvard-based “Ig Nobel Prize” in 2004 for this work, awarded for scientific achievements that “first make people laugh, and then make them think”, as the “missed gorilla” setting seems so bizarre at first sight. Still, the paper quickly brought them real fame via psychology textbook ch ...
Neural ensemble coding and statistical periodicity: Speculations on
... separated, interactions between them are in the form of discrete synaptic potentials driven by spikes. The dynamics of pulse-coupled neural networks are particularly relevant to temporal pattern coding since the critical parameter in these networks is spike timing [26]. We recognize that Eq. (1) is ...
... separated, interactions between them are in the form of discrete synaptic potentials driven by spikes. The dynamics of pulse-coupled neural networks are particularly relevant to temporal pattern coding since the critical parameter in these networks is spike timing [26]. We recognize that Eq. (1) is ...
Chapter 2 The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory
... c. The right parietal lobe. b. The left temporal lobe. d. The right temporal lobe. ANS: C ...
... c. The right parietal lobe. b. The left temporal lobe. d. The right temporal lobe. ANS: C ...
BioCapture™ : Acquiring EEG data Quick Notes
... A Stroop Test is considered to measure selective attention, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed, and it is used as a tool in the evaluation of executive control. ...
... A Stroop Test is considered to measure selective attention, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed, and it is used as a tool in the evaluation of executive control. ...
Insular cortex – review
... important from the aspect of social interactions as well. That is because we recognize the same subjective feeling states we once experienced in others. It is a basis in applying empathy towards others and building strong intersocial connections inside a group 5. Social awareness end empathy are jus ...
... important from the aspect of social interactions as well. That is because we recognize the same subjective feeling states we once experienced in others. It is a basis in applying empathy towards others and building strong intersocial connections inside a group 5. Social awareness end empathy are jus ...
Cytokines, prostaglandins and nitric oxide in the regulation of stress
... in several stress-sensitive brain regions. We compared the dynamic changes in plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels with alterations in GR and MR content in brain structures involved in mediating the stress response, including the PFC, hippocampus and hypothalamus. We found that the buffering effect ...
... in several stress-sensitive brain regions. We compared the dynamic changes in plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels with alterations in GR and MR content in brain structures involved in mediating the stress response, including the PFC, hippocampus and hypothalamus. We found that the buffering effect ...
empathize with fictional characters
... strong ties between the human mirror neuron system and empathy (Carr et al. 2003; Kaplan and Iacoboni 2006; Pfeifer et al. 2008). A relatively early study (Carr et al. 2003) had suggested that neural mirroring may be relevant to our ability to empathize with other people. This early study tested a s ...
... strong ties between the human mirror neuron system and empathy (Carr et al. 2003; Kaplan and Iacoboni 2006; Pfeifer et al. 2008). A relatively early study (Carr et al. 2003) had suggested that neural mirroring may be relevant to our ability to empathize with other people. This early study tested a s ...
The subtle body: an interoceptive map of central nervous system
... function.1–4 Even if this premise is true, as I have proposed elsewhere,4,5 the question remains: Why should this ancient Indian model be of current interest to researchers, clinicians, and the public, rather than being relegated to the province of Indologists? Over the years, my work has yielded th ...
... function.1–4 Even if this premise is true, as I have proposed elsewhere,4,5 the question remains: Why should this ancient Indian model be of current interest to researchers, clinicians, and the public, rather than being relegated to the province of Indologists? Over the years, my work has yielded th ...
Hierarchical somatosensory processing
... and by Sakata et crl. [Z] on the basis of single-unit recording studies in the monkey. They showed that RFs of area 5 neurons (both skin and joint) tend to be larger and more complex than those in the first somatosensory cortex (SI), and postulated that the complexity of area 5 neurons ...
... and by Sakata et crl. [Z] on the basis of single-unit recording studies in the monkey. They showed that RFs of area 5 neurons (both skin and joint) tend to be larger and more complex than those in the first somatosensory cortex (SI), and postulated that the complexity of area 5 neurons ...
PDF
... things go wrong. These efforts have led to a well-established theory, which may unfortunately be at odds with these dopamine ramps. The central theory of dopaminergic firing comes from theoretical neuroscientists who noticed that the firing patterns of dopaminergic neurons bear an eerie resemblance ...
... things go wrong. These efforts have led to a well-established theory, which may unfortunately be at odds with these dopamine ramps. The central theory of dopaminergic firing comes from theoretical neuroscientists who noticed that the firing patterns of dopaminergic neurons bear an eerie resemblance ...
Current Opinion in Neurobiology (2004)
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
Forebrain Origins and Terminations of the Medial Forebrain Bundle
... Behavioral experiments, using methods for determining quantitative properties of the neural substrate, have led to the conclusion that the directly stimulated substrate for electrical self-stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is comprised in substantial part of long, thin myelinated axon ...
... Behavioral experiments, using methods for determining quantitative properties of the neural substrate, have led to the conclusion that the directly stimulated substrate for electrical self-stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is comprised in substantial part of long, thin myelinated axon ...
The Neural Architecture Underlying Habit Learning: An Evolving
... When I began to study the brain, as a student in the late 1960's, there was enormous excitement about work on the neocortex. Surely this was the organ of thought and creativity, the organ underlying our ability to see and hear and feel, our ability to act deliberatively, to do mathematics. And, buil ...
... When I began to study the brain, as a student in the late 1960's, there was enormous excitement about work on the neocortex. Surely this was the organ of thought and creativity, the organ underlying our ability to see and hear and feel, our ability to act deliberatively, to do mathematics. And, buil ...
Cerebellar Affective Syndrome Expanding Our Thinking About the
... Studies by Neau (Acta Neurol Scand, 2000) and others showed deficits in EF, spatial cognition, attention, and some language tasks Single case reports have shown pts with right cerebellar infarct develop impairments of linguistic processing including agrammatism and decreased verbal fluency. ...
... Studies by Neau (Acta Neurol Scand, 2000) and others showed deficits in EF, spatial cognition, attention, and some language tasks Single case reports have shown pts with right cerebellar infarct develop impairments of linguistic processing including agrammatism and decreased verbal fluency. ...
Five-dimensional neuroimaging: Localization of the time–frequency
... This formulation accounts for amplitude differences between different frequency bands, but its performance may be degraded in the presence of activity that is more transient. Sources that are active only briefly may not be adequately captured. Similarly, the spatial filters may not be optimized for ...
... This formulation accounts for amplitude differences between different frequency bands, but its performance may be degraded in the presence of activity that is more transient. Sources that are active only briefly may not be adequately captured. Similarly, the spatial filters may not be optimized for ...
Empirical assessment of published effect sizes and power
... than more psychologically and medically oriented journals. This confirms previous similar inference asserting that FRP is likely to be high in the neuroimaging literature (Button et al. 2013; Yarkoni 2009). This phenomenon can appear for a number of reasons. First, neuroimaging studies and other stu ...
... than more psychologically and medically oriented journals. This confirms previous similar inference asserting that FRP is likely to be high in the neuroimaging literature (Button et al. 2013; Yarkoni 2009). This phenomenon can appear for a number of reasons. First, neuroimaging studies and other stu ...
Perception Processing for General Intelligence
... (b) its nodes are able to scan their inputs not only for simple statistical patterns (DeSTIN ”centroids”), but also for patterns recognized by routines supplied to it by an external source (e.g. another AI system such as OpenCog) Utilizing one of OpenCog’s cognitive processes (the ”Fishgram” frequen ...
... (b) its nodes are able to scan their inputs not only for simple statistical patterns (DeSTIN ”centroids”), but also for patterns recognized by routines supplied to it by an external source (e.g. another AI system such as OpenCog) Utilizing one of OpenCog’s cognitive processes (the ”Fishgram” frequen ...