Chapter 5 - Richsingiser.com
... • Evolutionary relatedness can be inferred from sequence homology ...
... • Evolutionary relatedness can be inferred from sequence homology ...
AMINO ACIDS IN PROTEINS
... Biologically active proteins Complex tertiary structure often with several types of secondary interactions within the same polypeptide chain ...
... Biologically active proteins Complex tertiary structure often with several types of secondary interactions within the same polypeptide chain ...
Notes: Characteristics of RNA
... The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips 2. RNA polymerase begins to assemble the corresponding bases to make the single stranded mRNA Watch It 3. The newly made mRNA releases from the DNA and awaits processing 4. The DNA zips back up (H bo ...
... The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips 2. RNA polymerase begins to assemble the corresponding bases to make the single stranded mRNA Watch It 3. The newly made mRNA releases from the DNA and awaits processing 4. The DNA zips back up (H bo ...
Which macromolecule stores genetic information? A. proteins B
... A five carbon sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base combine to form a nucleotide. Nucleotides are the building blocks of A.proteins B.lipids C.nucleic acids D.carbohydrates ...
... A five carbon sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base combine to form a nucleotide. Nucleotides are the building blocks of A.proteins B.lipids C.nucleic acids D.carbohydrates ...
Folds
... Ser, Asp, Asn disrupt a-helices due to H-bonding donor/acceptors sites near the main chain where they compete for N-H or C=O ...
... Ser, Asp, Asn disrupt a-helices due to H-bonding donor/acceptors sites near the main chain where they compete for N-H or C=O ...
Example: search for regulatory binding sites
... called Anfinsen’s thermodynamic principle Thus it should be possible to predict 3D structure computationally by minimizing a suitable conformational energy function, but difficult to define, difficult to minimize (globally), called ab initio In practice, structures determined by X-ray crystallograph ...
... called Anfinsen’s thermodynamic principle Thus it should be possible to predict 3D structure computationally by minimizing a suitable conformational energy function, but difficult to define, difficult to minimize (globally), called ab initio In practice, structures determined by X-ray crystallograph ...
Chemiluminescent and Fluorescent Westerns
... across a variety of laboratories, and many facilities provide the necessary darkroom and developer for documentation with x-ray film. The technique is popular because it is relatively easy to perform and can be extremely sensitive; substrates can be purchased that detect proteins in the femtogram ra ...
... across a variety of laboratories, and many facilities provide the necessary darkroom and developer for documentation with x-ray film. The technique is popular because it is relatively easy to perform and can be extremely sensitive; substrates can be purchased that detect proteins in the femtogram ra ...
Chapter 3
... simple basic structure, a carbon atom to which three groups are added: • an amino group (—NH2) • a carboxyl group (—COOH) • a functional group (R) ...
... simple basic structure, a carbon atom to which three groups are added: • an amino group (—NH2) • a carboxyl group (—COOH) • a functional group (R) ...
A. G protein–linked receptors
... • Many hormones and neurotransmitters have receptors on their target cells that are linked to G proteins. G protein–linked receptors are the most common form of cell surface receptor. • These receptors have extra-cellular hormonebinding regions as well as intracellular portions that interact with th ...
... • Many hormones and neurotransmitters have receptors on their target cells that are linked to G proteins. G protein–linked receptors are the most common form of cell surface receptor. • These receptors have extra-cellular hormonebinding regions as well as intracellular portions that interact with th ...
Slide 1
... from a strand of DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA 2. Translation – the mRNA, with the help of the ribosome, forms a chain of amino acids (eventually forming a protein) based on the information contained on the mRNA. ...
... from a strand of DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA 2. Translation – the mRNA, with the help of the ribosome, forms a chain of amino acids (eventually forming a protein) based on the information contained on the mRNA. ...
Protein Synthesis - Quakertown Community School District
... Building Blocks of Proteins • Proteins are made of subunits called amino acids • These subunits are comprised of : – Amino group – Carboxyl group – R group is different for each amino acid ...
... Building Blocks of Proteins • Proteins are made of subunits called amino acids • These subunits are comprised of : – Amino group – Carboxyl group – R group is different for each amino acid ...
Bioinformatics how to predict protein structure using comparative
... E-value - the number of hits one can "expect" to see just by chance when searching a database of a particular size (closer to zero the better) Z-score – score expressed as a distance from the mean calculated in standard deviations (the bigger the better) ...
... E-value - the number of hits one can "expect" to see just by chance when searching a database of a particular size (closer to zero the better) Z-score – score expressed as a distance from the mean calculated in standard deviations (the bigger the better) ...
Protein Structure and Enzyme Function
... reactions! They convert what we eat into cellular energy; they aid in cell communication and help regulate cellular processes. In the outside world, man uses enzymes for our own purposes, such as making cheese, fermenting beer and tenderizing meat, just to name a few! Enzymes are marvelous tools. Ju ...
... reactions! They convert what we eat into cellular energy; they aid in cell communication and help regulate cellular processes. In the outside world, man uses enzymes for our own purposes, such as making cheese, fermenting beer and tenderizing meat, just to name a few! Enzymes are marvelous tools. Ju ...
Cracking the PPR code: predicting and manipulating protein/RNA
... Mentor: Margarita Rojas PI: Alice Barkan ...
... Mentor: Margarita Rojas PI: Alice Barkan ...
Proteomics_12-6
... Multiple flavors of mass analyzers use different technology * TOF (‘time of flight’): separates based on velocity * Triple quadrupole: separation based on pulsed electrical pulse ...
... Multiple flavors of mass analyzers use different technology * TOF (‘time of flight’): separates based on velocity * Triple quadrupole: separation based on pulsed electrical pulse ...
Unit 8 - Macromolecules Processes
... If you are given the following sequence, what is the complimentary DNA strand? T A T G A G A G T ...
... If you are given the following sequence, what is the complimentary DNA strand? T A T G A G A G T ...
Document
... The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA during transcription and separates the DNA strands. It then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which to assemble nucleotides into a complementary strand of RNA. RNA polymerase binds only to promoters, regions of DNA that have specific base sequences. Pro ...
... The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA during transcription and separates the DNA strands. It then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which to assemble nucleotides into a complementary strand of RNA. RNA polymerase binds only to promoters, regions of DNA that have specific base sequences. Pro ...
Gene Expression - Phillips Scientific Methods
... _____ GTP is used to attach the large subunit of the ribosome to the mRNA initiation complex. _____ The next tRNA matches its anti-codon to the codon of the “A” site. _____ Spliceosome adheres to snRNPs and excises introns while sealing exons into a continuous strand of mRNA. _____ Two GTPs are used ...
... _____ GTP is used to attach the large subunit of the ribosome to the mRNA initiation complex. _____ The next tRNA matches its anti-codon to the codon of the “A” site. _____ Spliceosome adheres to snRNPs and excises introns while sealing exons into a continuous strand of mRNA. _____ Two GTPs are used ...
CHAPTER 17 - HCC Learning Web
... • Of the 64 triplets, 61 code for amino acids; 3 triplets are “stop” signals to end translation • The genetic code is redundant (more than one codon may specify a particular amino acid) but not ambiguous; no codon specifies more than one amino acid • Codons must be read in the correct reading frame ...
... • Of the 64 triplets, 61 code for amino acids; 3 triplets are “stop” signals to end translation • The genetic code is redundant (more than one codon may specify a particular amino acid) but not ambiguous; no codon specifies more than one amino acid • Codons must be read in the correct reading frame ...
Translation: DNA to mRNA to Protein
... second codon can then bind to the A site, a step that requires elongation factors (in E. coli, these are called EF-Tu and EF-Ts), as well as guanosine triphosphate (GTP) as an energy source for the process. Upon binding of the tRNA-amino acid complex in the A site, GTP is cleaved to form guanosine d ...
... second codon can then bind to the A site, a step that requires elongation factors (in E. coli, these are called EF-Tu and EF-Ts), as well as guanosine triphosphate (GTP) as an energy source for the process. Upon binding of the tRNA-amino acid complex in the A site, GTP is cleaved to form guanosine d ...
Poster
... this molecule is a multi‐subunit protein. RNA Pol II makes messenger RNA (mRNA) copies of genes. This process is called transcription and is the first step in protein synthesis. Genes are made of DNA and contain the codes for making proteins. Since DNA is unable to leave the nucleus, RNA Pol I ...
... this molecule is a multi‐subunit protein. RNA Pol II makes messenger RNA (mRNA) copies of genes. This process is called transcription and is the first step in protein synthesis. Genes are made of DNA and contain the codes for making proteins. Since DNA is unable to leave the nucleus, RNA Pol I ...
No Slide Title
... siRNA (small interfering) - 20-25 nt double-stranded RNA molecules that play a variety of roles in biology, most notably in RNA interference (RNAi) piRNA (piwi interacting) - 29-30 nt RNA molecules expressed in mammalian testes; forms RNA-protein complexes with Piwi proteins; complex linked to trans ...
... siRNA (small interfering) - 20-25 nt double-stranded RNA molecules that play a variety of roles in biology, most notably in RNA interference (RNAi) piRNA (piwi interacting) - 29-30 nt RNA molecules expressed in mammalian testes; forms RNA-protein complexes with Piwi proteins; complex linked to trans ...
13lctout - Evergreen Archives
... 1. A cell-free system consisting of an adenovirus genome and an extract of human cells was used for many studies of eukaryotic promoters. 2. In early experiments, RNA polymerase transcribed both DNA strands and initiated transcription at random sites, not on promoters. (Fig. 13.6a) 3. Roeder et al. ...
... 1. A cell-free system consisting of an adenovirus genome and an extract of human cells was used for many studies of eukaryotic promoters. 2. In early experiments, RNA polymerase transcribed both DNA strands and initiated transcription at random sites, not on promoters. (Fig. 13.6a) 3. Roeder et al. ...
2054, Chap. 12, page 1 I. Genes: Expression and Regulation A
... 3. regulon = collection of genes or operons controlled by the same regulatory protein a. operons usually associated with a single pathway or function b. e.g., heat-shock proteins, glycerol catabolism 4. modulon = operons controlled by their own regulators that are also under the control of a common ...
... 3. regulon = collection of genes or operons controlled by the same regulatory protein a. operons usually associated with a single pathway or function b. e.g., heat-shock proteins, glycerol catabolism 4. modulon = operons controlled by their own regulators that are also under the control of a common ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.