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Sequence-Specific Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Recognition by
Sequence-Specific Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Recognition by

... Bombyx mori; Dr, Danio rerio; Ce, Caenorhabditis elegans; Rn, Rattus norvegicus. C, The upstream promoter region of the mouse inhibin-" subunit gene encompassing the SBS and the cAMP response element (CRE). Numbering is relative to the transcriptional start site. The 15-bp sequence used for the NMR ...
DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (DDDP)
DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (DDDP)

... disease. Patients will be suffered with hyper-sensitivity to UV which results in multiple skin cancers. • The cause is due to the low enzymatic activity for the nucleotide excisionrepairing process, particular thymine dimer. ...
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT

... Fig. 1. Briefly, cells are lysed and the poly(A) RNA (mRNA) in the crude, whole-cell lysate is amplified by in vitro transcription. The amplified RNA is converted to cDNA, and the cDNA diluted up to 1,000-fold for qPCR. The single-day reaction will efficiently produce cDNA directly from lysates of 1 ...
Arabidopsis Gene and cDNA Encoding Cell
Arabidopsis Gene and cDNA Encoding Cell

... gene from A. thaliana and its cognate cDNA. A genomic fragment containing Atbfructl was identified by screening a genomic library (EMBL3, Clontech, Palo Alto, CA) with a 1kb fragment from a cDNA encoding a cell-wall invertase in D. carota (Sturm and Chrispeels, 1990). The Atbfructl cDNA clone was id ...
Ca Signaling11
Ca Signaling11

... hipp (CA1 region) activate (phosphorylate) CREB txn factor  CaMKII and MAPK (ERK) signalling pathways • Serum response element (SRE). - Induce expression of c-fos promotor  activation of Ltype Ca2+ channels. • Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (NFAT) response element. - NFAT activity regulated b ...
Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequence and Amino Acid Analysis of
Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequence and Amino Acid Analysis of

... Nyblom, 2000; Wu et al., 2000). Indeed, mitochondrial genes are often sequences of choice for phylogenetic studies as they are (1) highly conserved among phyla, (2) maternally inherited, (3) present in high copy number and (4) because mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear DNA (Moriyama and Powell, 1997) ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

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Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens
Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens

... microorganisms, exposed to various conditions inducing stresses that activate specialized responses including synthesis of antibiotic, hydrolytic enzymes and/or morphological differentiation from vegetative forms to aerial mycelium and spores. It has been shown that downshift in temperature is not s ...
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... www.bioalgorithms.info ...
The complete nucleotide sequence of apple mosaic virus (ApMV
The complete nucleotide sequence of apple mosaic virus (ApMV

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Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA Technology

...  Prokaryotic cells may be unable to produce functional proteins from eukaryotic genes even when all the signals necessary for gene expression are present because many eukaryotic proteins must be post-translationally modified.  Several expression vectors that function in eukaryotes have been develo ...
BCM301 Food Biotechnology
BCM301 Food Biotechnology

... • Solutions?: ...
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File

... • Genetic information is stored in the order or sequence of nucleotides in DNA. • Chain termination sequencing is the standard method for the determination of nucleotide sequence. • Dideoxy-chain termination sequencing has been facilitated by the development of cycle sequencing and the use of fluore ...
siRNA expression vector pRNAT-H1
siRNA expression vector pRNAT-H1

... When the temperature of PCR cycler reaches 94oC, put PCR reaction tube in and continue the program. Analyze PCR fragments on a agarose or polyacrylamide gel. ...
Lecture 24 – PDF
Lecture 24 – PDF

... the rRNA is transcribed as a 30S precursor (below) which is cleaved autocatalytically into four cleavage products (one of which is a tRNA ...
Western Blot - Faperta UGM
Western Blot - Faperta UGM

... Have both restriction and modification activity  Cut at sites 1000 nucleotides or more away from recognition site  ATP is required  It has only restriction site activity  Its cut is predictable and consistent manner at a site within or adjacent to restriction site  It require only magnesium ion ...
DNA Extraction from Extremophiles - Center for Ribosomal Origins
DNA Extraction from Extremophiles - Center for Ribosomal Origins

... etc) but others are large polymers (DNA, RNA, protein and complex carbohydrate). How can a scientist be certain that he or she has isolated pure DNA during the extraction process? To confirm that DNA has been purified, scientists use various indicator tests such as ethidium bromide (EtBr) Dot test a ...
Lecture 6
Lecture 6

... All molecules will travel in the same direction Each additional nucleoside confers an additional charge, so charge is directly proportional to size. All molecules will have the same e The solution is to use a gel which consists of pores surrounded by cross-linked fibers This will make e dependent ...
The Tryptophan Mutant in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type
The Tryptophan Mutant in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type

... the proteins necessary for HIV survival and replication, is reverse transcribed into negatively oriented single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid which is then further copied/transcribed into double stranded DNA. The enzyme Reverse Transcriptase (RT) is the critical protein which catalyzes this process ...
Folie 1 - uni
Folie 1 - uni

... and metastasis (only two matching N-T-M datasets out of ~650 450k datasets in TCGA) • Genome-wide data will facilitate TF-binding analysis – link to WP Jose • Same samples could be used for whole genome seq (costs!) • identify genes with aberrant methylation between samples, mRNA expression? Sample ...
Pseudo-Replication of [GADV]-Proteins and Origin of Life
Pseudo-Replication of [GADV]-Proteins and Origin of Life

... formation among amino acids in the amino acid composition could be folded into similar but into different structures. Proteins can have the same amino acid composition but different sequences. We call such a specific amino acid composition that is favorable for protein structure formation “protein 0 ...
Molecular Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of the 3
Molecular Cloning and Nucleotide Sequence of the 3

... The 3-IMDH gene of C. utilis was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. This is the first report of the nucleotide sequence of a functional gene of C. utilis as far as we know. The sequence of 2209 bp was an alignment of four restriction fragments determined separately. The sequences of ...
Evolution and the Genetic Code
Evolution and the Genetic Code

... – group II introns may be source of pre-mRNA introns ...
Evolution of Cellular Data Processing
Evolution of Cellular Data Processing

... Prokaryotes are capable of switching their genes on and off in a specific and signal-controlled mode in order to adapt to the actual conditions of the biotope. As far as the molecular mechanism is concerned, there is no fundamental difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene transcription. In ...
Isolating and Analyzing Genes
Isolating and Analyzing Genes

... ISOLATING AND ANALYZING GENES Recombinant DNA, Polymerase Chain Reaction and Applications to Eukaryotic Gene Structure and Function The first two chapters covered many important aspects of genes, such as how they function in inheritance, how they code for protein (in general terms) and their chemica ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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