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A Fruit-Specific Putative Dihydroflavonol 4
A Fruit-Specific Putative Dihydroflavonol 4

... was the DFR from V. vinifera, the fruit of which, like that of strawberry, is considered nonclimacteric. DFR is encoded either by a small multigene family (Beld et al., 1989; Helariutta et al., 1993) or by only one gene (Kristiansen and Rohde, 1991; Bongue-Bartelsman et al., 1994; Sparvoli et al., 1 ...
Course Outline - KSU Faculty Member websites
Course Outline - KSU Faculty Member websites

... metabolic processes occurring in the mammalian body, could contribute to the understanding and explanation of pathological phenomena. ...
Characterization of the Plasmid-Encoded Arsenic Salts Resistance
Characterization of the Plasmid-Encoded Arsenic Salts Resistance

... homology, possibly due to gene duplication and fusion of a gene ancestral to the arsA gene [4]. It was also shown that ArsA was 32% identical to the sequence of MinD, which is a membrane-associated protein capable of binding and hydrolyzing ATP [7]. MinD functions to activate the division inhibition ...
E. coli
E. coli

... Introduction ...
MOL WS 2016 Handout T3 Metabolism RNA world
MOL WS 2016 Handout T3 Metabolism RNA world

... The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme is a non-coding RNA found in the hepatitis delta virus that is necessary for viral replication and is thought to be the only catalytic RNA known to be required for viability of a human pathogen. The ribozyme acts to process the RNA transcripts to unit lengths ...
Domains of the Adenovirus E1A Protein Required for
Domains of the Adenovirus E1A Protein Required for

... Received January 16, 1991; revised version accepted May 9, 1991. ...
A conserved enhancer of the human and murine Hoxa
A conserved enhancer of the human and murine Hoxa

... 1991; Whiting et al., 1991) the detailed analysis of Hox promoter sequences in transgenic mice identified DNA regions controlling different aspects of Hox gene expression, e.g. limits of expression boundaries and tissue restriction. Based on these results and observations made in Drosophila there is ...
Predictable Alteration of Sequence Recognition by RNA
Predictable Alteration of Sequence Recognition by RNA

... can be found in all eukaryotes, from humans to algae, although they differ greatly in number between organisms. This protein family has massively expanded in terrestrial plants, which contain from ;100 (Physcomitrella) to over 1000 (Selaginella) PPR proteins (Fujii and Small, 2011). PPR proteins are ...
8.5 Translation - Cloudfront.net
8.5 Translation - Cloudfront.net

... amino acids, to build proteins. 1. Compare Start and Stop codons to the beginning and end of a sentence. A start codon (like the first word in a sentence) codes for the start of translation and the start of an amino acid chain, the stop codon codes for the end of the amino acid chain (like the perio ...
Genome evolution: a sequence
Genome evolution: a sequence

... How biological functions of non-coding sequence can be defined? ...
PPT - 19thpsalm.org
PPT - 19thpsalm.org

... • Regulatory Molecules. Hanging around the cell's DNA are a number of molecules -RNA polymerases, repressors and other regulatory molecules that determine if, when and how often a given gene will be copied to make proteins. These molecules are part of a complex regulatory system that is an essential ...
GeneMATRIX Universal DNA/RNA/Protein Purification Kit
GeneMATRIX Universal DNA/RNA/Protein Purification Kit

... Note 6: Add 10 µl β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) per 1 ml buffer Lyse ALL before use. Lyse ALL is stable for 1 month after addition of β-ME. Note 7: Add 10 µl β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) per 1 ml buffer DRP before use. Buffer DRP is stable for 1 month after addition of β-ME. Note 8: Add 25 µl β-mercaptoethan ...
Cloning, Sequencing, and Characterization of the Pradimicin
Cloning, Sequencing, and Characterization of the Pradimicin

... condensations for the generation of the dodecaketide (Fig. 1). The pradimicin gene cluster contains three possible cyclase genes, prmD, prmL, and prmK, whose products are thought to be responsible for subsequent intramolecular aldol reactions, and for producing the stepwise ring closures that lead t ...
BMC Genomics Functional genomics of HMGN3a and SMARCAL1 in early mammalian embryogenesis
BMC Genomics Functional genomics of HMGN3a and SMARCAL1 in early mammalian embryogenesis

... that down-regulation of HMGN mRNA may be associated with tissue differentiation [10]. Depletion of HMGN1 and HMGN2 in one- or two-cell embryos delays subsequent embryonic divisions. Cells derived from HMGN1-/- mice have an altered transcription profile and are hypersensitive to stress [9]. Experimen ...
$doc.title

... This pathway of RNAi exists primarily to process endogenous microRNAs ...
Role of N-terminal protein formylation in central metabolic processes
Role of N-terminal protein formylation in central metabolic processes

... Staphylococcus aureus is viable in the absence of Fmt, the tRNAMet formyl transferase. fmt mutants exhibit reduced growth rates indicating that the function of certain proteins depends on formylated N-termini but it has remained unclear, which cellular processes are abrogated by the lack of formylat ...
Questions, chapter 14
Questions, chapter 14

... and RF2 (UAG by RF1, UGA by RF2, and UAA by both RF1 and RF2). These factors are composed entirely of protein, and use a particular stretch of three amino acids to form a "peptide anticodon" that binds to and specifically recognizes the stop codon. When the ribosome encounters a stop codon, RF1 or R ...
Genetic Engineering and Genomics
Genetic Engineering and Genomics

... Several other enzymes are known that can break apart a DNA molecule, but an enzyme that acts indiscriminately is of little use in genetic engineering. Restriction enzymes act specifically. Each restriction enzyme generally cuts a sample of DNA in several places, wherever the DNA contains a particula ...
View as PDF
View as PDF

... to engineer, limiting their widespread use, particularly for large scale, high-throughput studies. These genome editing techniques were applied concurrently with other approaches to manipulate gene function, including homologous recombination and RNA interference. RNAi, in particular, became a labor ...
The nucleolus through the years
The nucleolus through the years

... and certain proteins (Busch and Smetana 1970). It should be also mentioned that the hydrolysis with HCl in Feulgen procedure or before staining with basic dyes also remove RNA in examined specimens. The functions of the nucleolus were mysterious for a long period of time even after structural and mo ...
1st Lecture: Pro-‐ and an
1st Lecture: Pro-‐ and an

... physiological  integrity,  leading  to  impaired  func;ons  and  increased   vulnerability  to  death.     2.  Aging  driving  forces  (Gene;c  program  and  Exogenous  factors)   3.  Model  organism  are  suitable  to  study  aging  (conserved ...
Two fatty acid ∆9-desaturase genes, ole1 and ole2
Two fatty acid ∆9-desaturase genes, ole1 and ole2

... alpina ∆5-desaturase, as predicted, contains three histidine boxes, although one of the essential histidine residues has been replaced with a glutamine, a change which is found in some other desaturases. This enzyme also contains a cytochrome b domain fused at the N ...
Molecule of the Month: AgrA DNA Binding Domain AgrA is the
Molecule of the Month: AgrA DNA Binding Domain AgrA is the

... other components of the system (AgrB and AgrD) function to generate the active form of Autoinducing Peptid (AIP). AgrD is the precursor to AIP and upon being synthesized binds to AgrB (a transmembrane protein). AgrB cleaves AgrD into active AIP and excretes it. Once the bacteria has successfully ent ...
Chance and Necessity in the Selection of Nucleic Acid Catalysts
Chance and Necessity in the Selection of Nucleic Acid Catalysts

... acids,5-9 drugs,10 and enzymatic cofactors8,11-15 have been isolated. Typical association constants, measured in aqueous buffers, are in the range 105-107 M-1. It is not possible, at present, to design RNA or DNA molecules with such properties. Having shown that RNAs with specific binding properties ...
Computational Biology
Computational Biology

... Center for Protein Sequences) database (29). For this analysis, mitochondrial proteins were predicted with an accuracy of 70% as scored by the selfconsistency test. 10. Lecture WS 2003/04 ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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