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PPT
PPT

... – ignoring word order is effective (both recall and precision-wise), as well as ignoring one extra nonrelevant component (recall) • Some approaches consistent across different ...
Organelle origins: Energy-producing symbionts
Organelle origins: Energy-producing symbionts

... malate to produce ATP, acetate, carbon dioxide and large amounts of hydrogen [1]. These organelles are doublemembrane structures which divide by fission, lack DNA and contain approximately 300 different proteins. Organisms that contain hydrogenosomes are unlike other eukaryotes, as they are amitocho ...
42(5): 551-557. 2010 Insecticidal activities of essential oils from
42(5): 551-557. 2010 Insecticidal activities of essential oils from

... Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand b ...
A MODEL FOR THE PROTEOLYTIC REGULATION OF
A MODEL FOR THE PROTEOLYTIC REGULATION OF

... that of LpxA; hence, Ratetrans was assigned 8/1800s-1. In the absence of specific data as regards mRNA degradation rate for LpxC, we employed similar method utilized for LpxA by assigning a half-life of 3.3 mins and subsequently a mean lifetime of 286 seconds which resulted in Ratedegm being assigne ...
Identification of Novel microRNA Regulatory Proteins in Neurons
Identification of Novel microRNA Regulatory Proteins in Neurons

... it is able to modulate miR-134 immunoblotting using a GFP-specific antibody. activity in general (i.e., by contributing to the miRNext, we decided to validate the positive hits using 134–specific RISC). We found that the knockdown several variations of the reporter assay. First, we of our candidate ...
Enzymes used in Genetic Engineering The ability to manipulate
Enzymes used in Genetic Engineering The ability to manipulate

... DNases which act on specific positions or sequences on the DNA are called as restriction endonucleases. The sequences which are recognized by the restriction endonucleases or restriction enzymes (RE) are called as recognition sequences or restriction sites. These sequences are palindromic sequences. ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
PowerPoint 演示文稿

... poly(A)+: ~200 A were added to the RNA 3’ end in the nucleus after transcription by poly(A) polymerase A common feature in many or most eukaryotes is that the 3′end of the mRNA consists of a stretch of poly(A) bound to a large mass of protein: One ~70 kD poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) monomer is bou ...
Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding
Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding

... were identified. This corresponds to a level of PR-protein mRNAs of -1%, assuming an equal conversion of each mRNA species into cDNA. Subsequently, 32 clones were purified and characterized. Thirty clones varied in insert size from 700 bp to 800 bp suggesting that they might represent nearly complet ...
video slide
video slide

... attached to each end. When the current is turned on, the negatively charged DNA molecules move toward the positive electrode, with shorter molecules moving faster than longer ones. Bands are shown here in blue, but on an actual gel, DNA bands are not visible until a DNA-binding dye is added. The sho ...
The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment
The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment

... residues containing a hydrophobic domain of 16 residues and two potential glycosylation sites has previously been identified near the 3' end of the H mRNA sequence of MV (Gerald et al., 1986). In the case of RPV (Tsukiyama et al., 1987; Yamanaka et al., 1988) and CDV, no counterpart to this ORF was ...
Parallel Analysis of Gene Expression: Microarrays
Parallel Analysis of Gene Expression: Microarrays

... that is likely to be representative of genes expressed under different conditions. It is possible to generate a cDNA microarray simply from randomly picked, unsequenced, clones. This leads to overrepresentation of a small subset of highly expressed genes on the microarray; however, molecular subtra ...
p53
p53

... pRb, sequestering it from negatively regulating cell cycle progression ...
Functional genomics in chickens
Functional genomics in chickens

... affx) and the Chicken Genome Consortium Microarray Committee (http://www.chicken-genome. org/) for release later this year. ...
A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus
A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus

... Pasceri, 1989; Yuge et al., 1990). Embryological experiments have also mapped the specification of endoderm (Wylie et al., 1987), the germ cell lineage (Whitington and Dixon, 1975) and mesoderm (Nieuwkoop, 1973) to the vegetal hemisphere. Of all these processes, only mesoderm induction has been char ...
osa and brahma interact in Drosophila - Development
osa and brahma interact in Drosophila - Development

... osa and brm were first identified as suppressors of both the antenna to leg transformation caused by the Nasobemia (Ns) allele of Antp and the extra sex combs phenotype caused by derepression of Sex combs reduced (Scr) in Polycomb (Pc) mutants (Kennison and Tamkun, 1988). While examining genetic int ...
How to measure chromatin modifications
How to measure chromatin modifications

... For ChIP–chip, the quantification depends on the hybridization efficiency of the ChIP DNA molecules to the probes on the array, which can vary dramatically depending on the sequence. No hybridization is required for ChIP–Seq and the ChIP DNA is minimally amplified to generate clusters of molecules t ...
Bacterial Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
Bacterial Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

... Nucleotides of adenine, guanine, uracil and cytosine are the major constituents of the RNA of ribosomes and the small amounts of pseudo-uridylic acid which are sometimes found may be due to contamination or transient association with transfer-RNA. 308 ribosomes contain a single unit of RNA (molecula ...
Sequence ID: ref|WP_006700522.1
Sequence ID: ref|WP_006700522.1

... ChIP-chip or ChIP-seq to detect chromatin modifications: 17 mods are associated with active genes in CD-4 T cells ...
RACC BIO Biotechnology
RACC BIO Biotechnology

... TECHNIQUE The starting materials for PCR are doublestranded DNA containing the target nucleotide sequence to be copied, a heat-resistant DNA polymerase, all four nucleotides, and two short, single-stranded DNA molecules that serve as primers. One primer is complementary to one strand at one end of t ...
RNA-based life forms
RNA-based life forms

... by 3´, 2´-phosphodiester bonds.9 The probability of TNA spontaneously forming from its components is much greater than that of RNA, as threose is one of just two aldotetroses, each of which has only four stereoisomers and may only be linked at the 2´ and 3´positions. Singlestranded (ss) TNA may form ...
Bacterial Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
Bacterial Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

... Nucleotides of adenine, guanine, uracil and cytosine are the major constituents of the RNA of ribosomes and the small amounts of pseudo-uridylic acid which are sometimes found may be due to contamination or transient association with transfer-RNA. 308 ribosomes contain a single unit of RNA (molecula ...
Serological and molecular techniques to detect and identify plant
Serological and molecular techniques to detect and identify plant

... that might interfere with subsequent use of the antiserum. Virus particles from infected plant material are prepared for use as antigens by disrupting the host cells and isolating the particles through procedures including differential centrifugation. Small sample bleeds are conducted to test the se ...
activator protein
activator protein

... • enzymes that function in biosynthetic pathways are products of repressible genes • generally these enzymes are always present unless the end product in the biosynthetic pathway is available ...
Trends in Plant Science
Trends in Plant Science

... tories using different mutant screens identified pers. commun.; H. Kim and T. Delaney, unpubSAR activation additional mutant alleles at this locus6,7. lished). These findings suggest that NIM1/NPR1 In the early 1990s, Arabidopsis thaliana The NIM1/NPR1 gene was cloned inde- and bZIP transcription fa ...
K1409-48, -96 Magnetic Beads Viral DNA RNA Kit
K1409-48, -96 Magnetic Beads Viral DNA RNA Kit

...  Add ddH2O pH 7.0-8.5 (see the bottle label for volume) to Proteinase K then vortex to ensure it is completely dissolved. Check the box on the bottle. Once it is dissolved completely, centrifuge for a few seconds to spin down the mixture. For extended periods, the ddH2O and Proteinase K mixture sho ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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