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Slides
Slides

... • Takekawa and Saito previously isolated three GADD45-like cDNAs (GADD45α, GADD45β, and GADD45γ) that encode for three similar proteins that bind to MAP3K4. – MAP3K4 mediates activation of both p38 and JNK pathways in response to ...
05_GENE_EXPRESSION
05_GENE_EXPRESSION

... After the end of the gene is reached there is a terminator sequence that tells RNA polymerase to stop transcribing ...
The CENTRAL DOGMA in Biology:
The CENTRAL DOGMA in Biology:

... One of the key discoveries in biology is that DNA is the genetic material that codes for traits. But exactly HOW does it code for traits? The ‘central dogma in biology’ states that DNA provides a code for synthesizing proteins. Ultimately, it is the proteins in our body that determine all of our tra ...
gene - LICH
gene - LICH

... • Direct submissions from individual laboratories, as well as ...
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... -specific genes are those needed to produce alpha-factor and the gene for the afactor receptor • a-specific genes are those needed for afactor production and the gene for the alphafactor receptor. • Haploid-specific genes include the RME gene encoding the meiosis repressor and the HO endonuclease (w ...
12.1 Mechanisms regulating enzyme synthesis 12.1.2.2 Enzyme
12.1 Mechanisms regulating enzyme synthesis 12.1.2.2 Enzyme

...  The regulatory gene (lacI) next to the 5’ end of the operon is expressed constitutively with its own promoter.  In the absence of the inducer, the LacI protein binds the operator region of the lac operon, inhibiting RNA polymerase from binding the promoter region.  When the inducer (lactose or I ...
video slide - Saginaw Valley State University
video slide - Saginaw Valley State University

... hemoglobin has a valine (Val) instead of a glutamic acid (Glu). ...
Gene Expression and Signal Transduction
Gene Expression and Signal Transduction

... (Oryza sativa) genome has been estimated to contain between 35,000 and 55,000 genes, far more than are in the human genome. Some of these genes encode proteins that perform housekeeping functions—basic cellular processes that go on in all the different kinds of cells. Such genes are permanently turn ...
Advances in Plant and Animal Genetics
Advances in Plant and Animal Genetics

... A "precision" drive exclusively impacts a population by targeting unique genomic loci. An "immunizing drive" blocks another drive from spreading by preemptively altering sequences that another drive targets, preventing the latter from initiating copying. A "reversal" drive undoes a prior drive's eff ...
Review article Zinc finger protein (ZFP) in plants
Review article Zinc finger protein (ZFP) in plants

... oocytes (Miller et al., 1985). It has conserved zinc finger motif, which is proposed to be an independently folded DNA-binding domain which can recognize specific DNA sequences (Klug and Rhodes, 1987; Hollenberg and Evans, 1988; Payre and Vincent, 1988). ZFP binds with zinc ion through its Cysteine ...
PPT File
PPT File

...  Transfers amino acids to ribosomes in the specific order that mRNA states in order to make a specific protein. ...
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- National Lipid Association

... by insulin, glucagon, and PUFA.  SREBP-1a: Highly expressed in tumor cell lines, low level expression in normal cells, not responsive to dietary conditions. Can drive both cholesterol uptake and fatty acid synthesis.  Question: How did we arrive at this point? ...
11_Instructor_Guide - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
11_Instructor_Guide - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

... fundamental finding in the study of cancer, since it means that we can understand tumors as clones of cells that share many of the same characteristics as the original cell from which they arose. 2.Homeotic genes have segments that are nearly identical in very diverse organisms. When you find the sa ...
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ch18 - Homework Market

... • EX: Inactivated X chromosome in females ...
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... ATP and for other processes essential to life. All mitochondria possess cytochrome c (and cytochrome c1) for this electron transport. All cytochrome c proteins have heme that is covalently attached to the protein by two thioether bonds (at two cysteines in the protein, cys15-X-X-cys18-his19). This c ...
DNA Technology
DNA Technology

... that we want to copy. These bind to their complementary bases along the single strands of DNA. This is annealing Polymerase and nucleotides are added and the sample is heated to 72⁰C. A new copy of the nucleic acid is made from the starting sequences formed by the primers. This is extending. At the ...
DNA - The Double Helix
DNA - The Double Helix

... Recall that the nucleus is a small spherical, dense body in a cell. It is often called the "control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction, and heredity. Chromosomes are microscopic, threadlike strands composed of the chemical DNA (short for deoxyribon ...
Protein Synthesis Simulation Lab
Protein Synthesis Simulation Lab

... DNA is a very long, thin molecule located in the nucleus. The DNA in one chromosome has 10s of millions of base pairs and hundreds or thousands of genes. Yet an individual cell will only use a small portion of those genes in its lifetime. Imagine a mechanic who spends a lifetime fixing nothing but c ...
1. Name the two major divisions of metabolism, and
1. Name the two major divisions of metabolism, and

... Define the term enzyme and discuss the general characteristics of an enzyme. Be sure to discuss the mechanism by which most enzymes function (i.e. how do they react with their substrate and cofactor/coenzyme), and explain how most enzymes are named, giving examples when applicable. An enzyme is a bi ...
Protein Synthesis Simulation Lab
Protein Synthesis Simulation Lab

... DNA is a very long, thin molecule located in the nucleus. The DNA in one chromosome has 10s of millions of base pairs and hundreds or thousands of genes. Yet an individual cell will only use a small portion of those genes in its lifetime. Imagine a mechanic who spends a lifetime fixing nothing but c ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... These are used to cut DNA into fragments. This can be used to cut a gene of interest out of, say, eukaryotic DNA. ...
Chapter 11 Transcription and RNA Processing
Chapter 11 Transcription and RNA Processing

... --RNA polymerase binds specific nucleotide sequences (promoter regions) plus transcriptional ...
EIGN_Halo_Part2_Kessler_KS - Baliga Systems Education
EIGN_Halo_Part2_Kessler_KS - Baliga Systems Education

... Gene names are often written in italics; the protein coded by the gene is often written in regular font. For example, crtB1is the gene that codes for the crtB1 protein. Protein type: Enzymes convert specific substrates into products; membrane-associated proteins are found near or in the cell membran ...
BD Pharmingen™ SV40 Large T Antigen 554149
BD Pharmingen™ SV40 Large T Antigen 554149

... addition to its role in SV40 DNA replication, T-ag also causes transformation of susceptible cell lines. Studies of various mutant T-ag proteins have shown that the replication and transformation fractions of T-ag can be separated. The multifunctional nature of this protein has resulted in its use a ...
Gene Section FGA7 (Fused Gene 7 to AML1) in Oncology and Haematology
Gene Section FGA7 (Fused Gene 7 to AML1) in Oncology and Haematology

... Expression ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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