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Mouse Genome Informatics - Gene Ontology Consortium
Mouse Genome Informatics - Gene Ontology Consortium

... meaning of any word used; thus we are able to support crossdatabase queries. Members agree to contribute gene product annotations and associated sequences to GO database; thus facilitating data analysis and semantic interoperability. ...
Chapter 4: Modification of Mendelian Ratios
Chapter 4: Modification of Mendelian Ratios

... #1: Unit factors come in pairs. #2: Unit factors have either a dominant or recessive form. #3: Unit factors segregate/ separate during gamete formation. #4: Unit factors assort independently from one another. ...
Chemical organization of cells. Macromolecules
Chemical organization of cells. Macromolecules

... Recombination - the process of exchanges of fragments between different DNA molecules, resulting in a different genetic combination. Hybridization - The process of forming a double stranded nucleic acid from joining two complementary strands of DNA (or RNA). DNA Functions DNA is the main genetic mol ...
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Document

... 2. translation of RNA to protein • together, are called gene expression ...
Transcription factor AP-2 is tissue-specific in
Transcription factor AP-2 is tissue-specific in

... Subsequently, we identified a protein-binding positiveregulatory sequence within this promoter region, mutation of which reduced epidermal expression of the injected gene by up to 90% (Snape et al. 1990). (We recently learned that in these expression studies we erroneously used as a control DNA a co ...
video slide - Biology at Mott
video slide - Biology at Mott

... RNA is the intermediate between genes and the proteins for which they code Transcription is the synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA Transcription produces messenger RNA (mRNA) Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide, which occurs under the direction of mRNA Ribosomes are the sites of t ...
Enzyme - My CCSD
Enzyme - My CCSD

... •Enzymes are not changed by the reaction –used only temporarily –re-used again for the same reaction with other molecules –very little enzyme needed to help in many reactions substrate active site ...
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P Systems with Control Nuclei

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I. Molecular mechanism for polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of

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Current Microbiology
Current Microbiology

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The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF

... induced IkB degradation as well as p50 or p52 processing from their precursors is executed by the proteasome following ubiquitination (May and Ghosh, 1997). In contrast, no such posttranslational modifications have been described for Bcl-3, the only IkB-like protein that is not degraded after signal ...
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... protein. • rRNA ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Any one of a number of specific RNA molecules that form part of the structure of a ribosome and participate in the synthesis of proteins • tRNA transfer RNA (tRNA) Set of small RNA molecules used in protein synthesis as an interface (adaptor) between messenger RN ...
投影片 1
投影片 1

... Some viruses, nonlytic association with host cell (not kill) is called temperate phages Prophage: integrated into the host cell chromosomes rather than being replicated Lysogeny: Instead of destroying host to produce virus progeny, the viral genome remains within the host cell and replicates with th ...
DNA Technologies
DNA Technologies

... to make recombinant DNA to use bacteria for DNA cloning to analyze DNA by size and sequence to mutate and amplify DNA in test-tube to express and purify eukaryotic genes to determine expression levels of genes ...
Np73 is capable of inducing apoptosis by co
Np73 is capable of inducing apoptosis by co

... to + 22 sequence around the transcription start site of EGR1, and the − 1235 to + 142 sequence around the transcription start site of NOXA were amplified from human genomic DNA and cloned into the same reporter vector. p21 − 2326 to + 11 luciferase construct was described somewhere else [15]. The sh ...
Operon Models
Operon Models

... 5. Using a permanent pen draw the shape of the active form of the repressor protein onto the lower portion of the noodle in the operator region. Make the shape simple, like the one in the diagram, since you will need to carve it out using a serrated knife. Also, carve a matching shape into the regul ...
Cellular Targeting
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... Sequences of DNA that exist quite distant from a given gene can affect the regulation of that gene. They could thus be considered part of the functional gene unit, even though separated by long segments of DNA having nothing to do with the gene in question. In many eukaryotes some of the DNA between ...
SACE 2 Biology Key Ideas Textbook 3rd Edition sample pages
SACE 2 Biology Key Ideas Textbook 3rd Edition sample pages

... A gene is a section on a chromosome that codes for a protein or part of a protein molecule. Genes provide the code for an organism’s structural and functional characteristics. Thomas Morgan, a scientist working at Columbia University, first associated a specific gene with a particular chromosome. He ...
幻灯片 1
幻灯片 1

... provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom-made oligonucleotides of the desired sequence.  Whereas enzymes synthesize DNA and RNA in a 5' to 3' direction, chemical oligonucleotide synthesis is carried out in the opposite, 3' to 5' direction.  Currently, the process is implemented as solid-p ...
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investigating dna
investigating dna

... organisms that reproduce asexually or monozygotic twins, individuals have unique traits caused by unique arrangements of these base pairs. Genetic information can be paired down to the functional level of genes. Every gene code has a unique and specific protein. Each protein has a specialized role w ...
Genetics in the Generation of Antibody Diversity
Genetics in the Generation of Antibody Diversity

... This and the next two slides deal with Heavy chain DNA. Human heavy chain DNA has 41 “V” region genes to work with, 23 “D” (diversification) region genes, and 6 “J” (joining) region genes. Heavy chain V and J region genes are different from Light Chain V and J region genes and are on different chrom ...
Diapositive 1
Diapositive 1

... Session VI – IG gene analysis: new challenges, new approaches IG genes in CLL – what´s next? Open interactive session All tutorials include a theoretical background followed by computer-based exercises, guided case presentations and solving of trouble cases. ...
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... elegans and Drosophila melanogaster undergoing gene silencing….but how to prove it is responsible? Purified them and showed in vitro silencing in Drosophila extracts; used sythetic sdRNA oligo to achieve same thing! ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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