Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis: Creation of Carbon
... in CH2Cl2, 2 h, 25 °C, to reach a ninhydrin-negative support, then adding aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal by a DIPCDI/HOBt-mediated coupling, and finally removing the dimethyl acetal protecting group with LiBF4 (2 equivalents) in H2O–CH3CN (1 : 49), 1 h, 25 °C. The resin-bound substrates for the r ...
... in CH2Cl2, 2 h, 25 °C, to reach a ninhydrin-negative support, then adding aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal by a DIPCDI/HOBt-mediated coupling, and finally removing the dimethyl acetal protecting group with LiBF4 (2 equivalents) in H2O–CH3CN (1 : 49), 1 h, 25 °C. The resin-bound substrates for the r ...
Zn mediated regioselective Barbier reaction of propargylic bromides
... reactions [8]. A mixture of anhydrous THF and saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution was used as solvent. First zinc powder was stirred with the propargylic bromide in anhydrous THF media, then butanal was added. After 3 hours of stirring saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution was added. It was confirmed by GLC ...
... reactions [8]. A mixture of anhydrous THF and saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution was used as solvent. First zinc powder was stirred with the propargylic bromide in anhydrous THF media, then butanal was added. After 3 hours of stirring saturated aqueous NH4Cl solution was added. It was confirmed by GLC ...
CHM 3200 - Miami Dade College
... Course Description: This one-semester course briefly examines the structure, synthesis, nomenclature and reactivity of selected mono- and poly-functional organic compounds. Theories that relate the structure of organic molecules to their chemical reactivity will be presented as a unifying principle. ...
... Course Description: This one-semester course briefly examines the structure, synthesis, nomenclature and reactivity of selected mono- and poly-functional organic compounds. Theories that relate the structure of organic molecules to their chemical reactivity will be presented as a unifying principle. ...
Ch 6 Lecture 2
... a) Polar covalent bonds must lead to overall dipole = polar Water, alcohols, acetonitrile, acetone b) Nonpolar = small or no net dipole: alkanes, ethers ...
... a) Polar covalent bonds must lead to overall dipole = polar Water, alcohols, acetonitrile, acetone b) Nonpolar = small or no net dipole: alkanes, ethers ...
3.5 The Alcohols
... 5) An unknown alcohol with molecular formula C3H8O was oxidised using K2Cr2O7 / H2SO The oxidation product collected and tested: The oxidation product was added to AgNO3 dissolved in ammonia and heated. The inside of the tube gave a silver precipitate. a. What functional group must the oxidation pr ...
... 5) An unknown alcohol with molecular formula C3H8O was oxidised using K2Cr2O7 / H2SO The oxidation product collected and tested: The oxidation product was added to AgNO3 dissolved in ammonia and heated. The inside of the tube gave a silver precipitate. a. What functional group must the oxidation pr ...
Chapter 20. Aldehydes and Ketones
... compound (C6H5)2CHOH by adding C6H5MgBr to benzaldehyde. To insure that the chemical yield would be high, our dedicated student prepared one mole of the Grignard reagent, added two moles of benzaldehyde, and, after working up the reaction, was delighted to obtain a good yield of a crystalline produc ...
... compound (C6H5)2CHOH by adding C6H5MgBr to benzaldehyde. To insure that the chemical yield would be high, our dedicated student prepared one mole of the Grignard reagent, added two moles of benzaldehyde, and, after working up the reaction, was delighted to obtain a good yield of a crystalline produc ...
temperature and diffusion
... loss of lipase activity was observed within this range of temperatures. Similarly, when lipase is immobilized in agar MBGs with a lecithin microemulsion, the increase of temperature leads to an important increase of the reaction rate whereas, for agar MBGs with an AOT microemulsion the increase is s ...
... loss of lipase activity was observed within this range of temperatures. Similarly, when lipase is immobilized in agar MBGs with a lecithin microemulsion, the increase of temperature leads to an important increase of the reaction rate whereas, for agar MBGs with an AOT microemulsion the increase is s ...
Answers - Final Exam 2013
... a. An aqueous solution of H2CrO4 and H2SO4 oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones b. An alkene will form the same epoxide upon treatment with either Br2 and H2O followed by base, or with MCPBA c. Rearrangements may occur during SN1 reactions, but not during SN2 reac ...
... a. An aqueous solution of H2CrO4 and H2SO4 oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones b. An alkene will form the same epoxide upon treatment with either Br2 and H2O followed by base, or with MCPBA c. Rearrangements may occur during SN1 reactions, but not during SN2 reac ...
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones – Nucleophilic Addition
... The negative charge of the enolate anion is distributed on both oxygen and carbon, the ion can combine with a proton at either site. ...
... The negative charge of the enolate anion is distributed on both oxygen and carbon, the ion can combine with a proton at either site. ...
Copper-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Terminal Alkynes
... esters, ethers, aryl bromides, sulfonamides, and nitro arenes are all compatible with the standard reaction conditions. In all examples described in Table 2, a single regio- and diastereoisomer of the product is formed. During the explorations of the substrate scope, we have also identified some limi ...
... esters, ethers, aryl bromides, sulfonamides, and nitro arenes are all compatible with the standard reaction conditions. In all examples described in Table 2, a single regio- and diastereoisomer of the product is formed. During the explorations of the substrate scope, we have also identified some limi ...
W19 Aldehydes ketones I
... physical properties of aldehydes and ketones reaction scheme of aldehydes and ketones nucleophilic addition AN to C=O group: ...
... physical properties of aldehydes and ketones reaction scheme of aldehydes and ketones nucleophilic addition AN to C=O group: ...
Chapter 7: Alkene reactions
... A disubstituted C= (two R groups attached) becomes a ketone carbon A monosubstituted C= (one H attached) becomes fully oxidized to a carboxylic acid (no aldehydes are produced under these conditions) A =CH2 from a terminal alkene becomes CO2 instead of a carboxylic acid: H3C C H3C ...
... A disubstituted C= (two R groups attached) becomes a ketone carbon A monosubstituted C= (one H attached) becomes fully oxidized to a carboxylic acid (no aldehydes are produced under these conditions) A =CH2 from a terminal alkene becomes CO2 instead of a carboxylic acid: H3C C H3C ...
Enthalpy - ChemGod.com
... The enthalpy change involved in this reaction depends, to some extent, on conditions. At STP, H0 will be known if it’s ever been measured: H0 = -483.66 kJ The enthalpy change must include some accounting for the amount (moles of the substance) ...
... The enthalpy change involved in this reaction depends, to some extent, on conditions. At STP, H0 will be known if it’s ever been measured: H0 = -483.66 kJ The enthalpy change must include some accounting for the amount (moles of the substance) ...
- Wiley Online Library
... used, optically pure @-aminoalcohols were obtained. This inspired us to investigate the use of LiBH,/Me,SiCI as a reducing agent for other functional groups. Thus, simple carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols (No. 5), while primary, secondary and tertiary amides (Nos. 6-8) and nitriles (Nos. 10-1 ...
... used, optically pure @-aminoalcohols were obtained. This inspired us to investigate the use of LiBH,/Me,SiCI as a reducing agent for other functional groups. Thus, simple carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols (No. 5), while primary, secondary and tertiary amides (Nos. 6-8) and nitriles (Nos. 10-1 ...
Montmorillonite: An efficient, heterogeneous and
... Montmorillonite clay’s are layered silicates and are among the numerous inorganic supports for reagents used in organic synthesis. They can be used as an efficient and versatile catalyst for various organic reactions [16]. In Montmorillonite clay both Bronsted and Lewis acidic catalytic sites are av ...
... Montmorillonite clay’s are layered silicates and are among the numerous inorganic supports for reagents used in organic synthesis. They can be used as an efficient and versatile catalyst for various organic reactions [16]. In Montmorillonite clay both Bronsted and Lewis acidic catalytic sites are av ...
Chapter 20 reactions of carbonyls
... • To determine what carbonyl and Grignard components are needed to prepare a given compound, follow these two steps: ...
... • To determine what carbonyl and Grignard components are needed to prepare a given compound, follow these two steps: ...
MS PowerPoint - Catalysis Eprints database
... Different pathways can be employed to facilitate a reaction ...
... Different pathways can be employed to facilitate a reaction ...
ation in Cytochrome P-450-Catalyzed Reactions
... isozymes and their respective mutants. These observations appear to be consistent only with the existence of two types of electrophilic oxidants in the P-450 reactions as previously described.8 One of the oxidants gives mainly methyl hydroxylation products, while the other gives mainly phenols from ...
... isozymes and their respective mutants. These observations appear to be consistent only with the existence of two types of electrophilic oxidants in the P-450 reactions as previously described.8 One of the oxidants gives mainly methyl hydroxylation products, while the other gives mainly phenols from ...
Epoxidation of Alkenes with Bicarbonate
... We describe here the discovery of the bicarbonate-catalyzed epoxidation of alkenes with aqueous hydrogen peroxide at nearneutral pH. For some substrates, the procedure is comparable in apparent synthetic utility to the best methods now available for H2O2-based alkene expoxidations that avoid extensi ...
... We describe here the discovery of the bicarbonate-catalyzed epoxidation of alkenes with aqueous hydrogen peroxide at nearneutral pH. For some substrates, the procedure is comparable in apparent synthetic utility to the best methods now available for H2O2-based alkene expoxidations that avoid extensi ...
SCI2199 - Introduction to Organic Chemistry II
... through use of which of these reagents? A) Concd. HCl B) SO2Cl2 C) NaCl, H2SO4 D) PCl3 E) POCl3 29. Which of the following could be used to synthesize 2-iodobutane? A) CH3CH2CH=CH2 + I2(aq) → B) CH3CH2CHOHCH3 + HI → C) CH3CH2C≡CH + HI → D) CH3CH2C≡CH + I2 → E) None of these choices. ...
... through use of which of these reagents? A) Concd. HCl B) SO2Cl2 C) NaCl, H2SO4 D) PCl3 E) POCl3 29. Which of the following could be used to synthesize 2-iodobutane? A) CH3CH2CH=CH2 + I2(aq) → B) CH3CH2CHOHCH3 + HI → C) CH3CH2C≡CH + HI → D) CH3CH2C≡CH + I2 → E) None of these choices. ...
Document
... When an ionic compound, such as sodium chloride, NaCl, dissolves in water, H2O molecules separate, surround, and uniformly disperse the ions into the liquid. (b) Molecular substances that dissolve in water, such as methanol, CH3OH, usually do so without forming ions. We can think of this as a simple ...
... When an ionic compound, such as sodium chloride, NaCl, dissolves in water, H2O molecules separate, surround, and uniformly disperse the ions into the liquid. (b) Molecular substances that dissolve in water, such as methanol, CH3OH, usually do so without forming ions. We can think of this as a simple ...
BHR - A Brief History - Process Intensification Network
... Three main issues with the running of these trials ...
... Three main issues with the running of these trials ...
oxidation and reduction
... AgO is potent at acting on aldehydes. Ag2O is weaker, and selectively oxidises CHO to COOH. It does not react with α,β unsaturated compounds. Amines These are easier to oxidise than alcohols: the opening step is electrophilic substitution of the N-H by the metal to give an intermediate which can fra ...
... AgO is potent at acting on aldehydes. Ag2O is weaker, and selectively oxidises CHO to COOH. It does not react with α,β unsaturated compounds. Amines These are easier to oxidise than alcohols: the opening step is electrophilic substitution of the N-H by the metal to give an intermediate which can fra ...
Organocatalysed asymmetric Mannich reactions
... of fluorinated aldimines 33 with aliphatic aldehydes 34 in the presence of L- or D-proline, followed by reduction of the resulting aldehyde with NaBH4 (Scheme 12).13 Although the yields were moderate (31–41%), the selectivity was outstanding in all cases (dr .19 : 1 (syn : anti), ee 99%; Rf = CF3, C ...
... of fluorinated aldimines 33 with aliphatic aldehydes 34 in the presence of L- or D-proline, followed by reduction of the resulting aldehyde with NaBH4 (Scheme 12).13 Although the yields were moderate (31–41%), the selectivity was outstanding in all cases (dr .19 : 1 (syn : anti), ee 99%; Rf = CF3, C ...
Lecture 1: Key Concepts in Stereoselective Synthesis
... Overall, the reactions are exothermic but nearly ergoneutral. The electronic effect on this reaction is almost purely a result of kinetics, not thermodynamics. Factors, as the equilibrium constants, for these additions are similar (entries 2 vs. 1, 3 vs. 1). In contrast, steric properties of the ami ...
... Overall, the reactions are exothermic but nearly ergoneutral. The electronic effect on this reaction is almost purely a result of kinetics, not thermodynamics. Factors, as the equilibrium constants, for these additions are similar (entries 2 vs. 1, 3 vs. 1). In contrast, steric properties of the ami ...
Ene reaction
The ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction) is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen (the ene) and a compound containing a multiple bond (the enophile), in order to form a new σ-bond with migration of the ene double bond and 1,5 hydrogen shift. The product is a substituted alkene with the double bond shifted to the allylic position.This transformation is a group transfer pericyclic reaction, and therefore, usually requires highly activated substrates and/or high temperatures. Nonetheless, the reaction is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups that can be appended to the ene and enophile moieties. Also,many useful Lewis acid-catalyzed ene reactions have been developed which can afford high yields and selectivities at significantly lower temperatures, making the ene reaction a useful C–C forming tool for the synthesis of complex molecules and natural products.