Green Polymer Chemistry: Enzyme Catalysis for Polymer
... also by modification/functionalization of existing polymers. Enzymatic catalysis is an alternative strategy to increase the diversity of functional groups in polymeric materials [2–5]. Specifically, enzyme-catalyzed polymer functionalization carried out under solventless conditions is a great advanc ...
... also by modification/functionalization of existing polymers. Enzymatic catalysis is an alternative strategy to increase the diversity of functional groups in polymeric materials [2–5]. Specifically, enzyme-catalyzed polymer functionalization carried out under solventless conditions is a great advanc ...
Chlorine chemistry representation
... addition of Cl·to the double bond of alkenes introduces new species and hence new reactions, which are not included in Table S1 but in Figures 1-3. So the reactions summarized in Table 1 and Table S1 are less than 199. The code containing all of the reactions will be shared freely with the community ...
... addition of Cl·to the double bond of alkenes introduces new species and hence new reactions, which are not included in Table S1 but in Figures 1-3. So the reactions summarized in Table 1 and Table S1 are less than 199. The code containing all of the reactions will be shared freely with the community ...
Unit 4 Chemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium
... Asymmetric reagents such as H-X add to a C=C so that the proton adds to the carbon (in the double bond) that already has the greater number of hydrogen atoms. “The rich get richer” ...
... Asymmetric reagents such as H-X add to a C=C so that the proton adds to the carbon (in the double bond) that already has the greater number of hydrogen atoms. “The rich get richer” ...
A ---> B
... Reaction Orders and the Method of Initial Rates Lets go back to the previous reaction: N2O5(g) ...
... Reaction Orders and the Method of Initial Rates Lets go back to the previous reaction: N2O5(g) ...
Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
... Water hydrates the carbonyl group. The addition of water to an aldehyde or ketone is catalyzed by either acid or base. The equilibrium reaction forms geminal diols, also called carbonyl hydrates: ...
... Water hydrates the carbonyl group. The addition of water to an aldehyde or ketone is catalyzed by either acid or base. The equilibrium reaction forms geminal diols, also called carbonyl hydrates: ...
Alcohols General formula R-OH hydroxyl group Nomenclature
... 80oC Using PBr3 there is no carbocation formed and so we do not get rearrangements and this is usually the preferred reagent for converting alcohols to alkyl bromides. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH ...
... 80oC Using PBr3 there is no carbocation formed and so we do not get rearrangements and this is usually the preferred reagent for converting alcohols to alkyl bromides. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH ...
Chapter 16
... If the directing effects of two groups oppose each other, the more powerful activating group decides the principal outcome Usually gives mixtures of products ...
... If the directing effects of two groups oppose each other, the more powerful activating group decides the principal outcome Usually gives mixtures of products ...
CH 19
... • The sequence converts C=O is to C=C • A phosphorus ylide adds to an aldehyde or ketone to yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine • The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O • Formation of the ylide is shown ...
... • The sequence converts C=O is to C=C • A phosphorus ylide adds to an aldehyde or ketone to yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine • The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O • Formation of the ylide is shown ...
Tech Info - Davis Instruments
... aldol reaction, two carbonyl compounds are condensed to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone — the aldol product. The classic aldol reaction is a "self-condensation" of the reactant aldehyde or ketone where one molecule adds to another of the same type. An example of a self-condensation aldol ...
... aldol reaction, two carbonyl compounds are condensed to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone — the aldol product. The classic aldol reaction is a "self-condensation" of the reactant aldehyde or ketone where one molecule adds to another of the same type. An example of a self-condensation aldol ...
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
... 9. Determine the oxidation numbers for Cu in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7.Yttrium (Y) has an oxidation number of +3. (Cu does not have oxidation numbers greater than +3.) Give only integer oxidation numbers. Answer: The oxidation numbers for Y, Ba, and O are +3, +2, and −2, respectively. Therefore, ...
... 9. Determine the oxidation numbers for Cu in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7.Yttrium (Y) has an oxidation number of +3. (Cu does not have oxidation numbers greater than +3.) Give only integer oxidation numbers. Answer: The oxidation numbers for Y, Ba, and O are +3, +2, and −2, respectively. Therefore, ...
Chemdraw B&W - Pennsylvania State University
... yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine • The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O • Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
... yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine • The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O • Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
unit 17 organic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms
... Aliphatic aldehydes form a homologous series with the general formula RCHO and ketons with general formula RCOR'. Aldehydes and ketones have the same general formula CnH,"O. Since carbonyl group is present in both aldehydes and ketones, many of their properties are common. But in aldehyde, there is ...
... Aliphatic aldehydes form a homologous series with the general formula RCHO and ketons with general formula RCOR'. Aldehydes and ketones have the same general formula CnH,"O. Since carbonyl group is present in both aldehydes and ketones, many of their properties are common. But in aldehyde, there is ...
ENGLISH VERSION Exam Organic Chemistry 2
... orbital, how many electrons they contain, and what orbital constitute the HOMO. (7p) b) Which of the orbitals of the enolate ion reacts with the electrophile in a typical aldol addition? (1p) c) Explain briefly why the enolate ion preferentially reacts from the C-atom and not from the O-atom. (2p) ...
... orbital, how many electrons they contain, and what orbital constitute the HOMO. (7p) b) Which of the orbitals of the enolate ion reacts with the electrophile in a typical aldol addition? (1p) c) Explain briefly why the enolate ion preferentially reacts from the C-atom and not from the O-atom. (2p) ...
C–H Bond Functionalization in Complex Organic Synthesis REVIEW
... make them attractive in this respect, including neutral reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and a high degree of stereoselectivity. They provide a unique and direct strategy for preparation of valuable cyclic products, one that is orthogonal to the alternative multistep routes. C–N ...
... make them attractive in this respect, including neutral reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and a high degree of stereoselectivity. They provide a unique and direct strategy for preparation of valuable cyclic products, one that is orthogonal to the alternative multistep routes. C–N ...
Links - American Chemical Society
... highly reactive main-group hydrides. In general, the mildness of these reagents should allow successful application of this protocol to synthetic schemes with less need for complicated protection and masking strategies. The flexibility of this system contributes to its applicability to a wide variet ...
... highly reactive main-group hydrides. In general, the mildness of these reagents should allow successful application of this protocol to synthetic schemes with less need for complicated protection and masking strategies. The flexibility of this system contributes to its applicability to a wide variet ...
Catalytic Enantioselective Dibromination of Allylic Alcohols
... and product utility. Indeed, cinnamyl alcohol (6) was converted to dibromide (−)-7 with 43% ee using (R,R)-TADDOL 8 (entry 3). Allylic ethers, amides, and sulfonamides were all less reactive, and the products were racemic. Optimization12 of the backbone and aryl groups on the diol led to the identifi ...
... and product utility. Indeed, cinnamyl alcohol (6) was converted to dibromide (−)-7 with 43% ee using (R,R)-TADDOL 8 (entry 3). Allylic ethers, amides, and sulfonamides were all less reactive, and the products were racemic. Optimization12 of the backbone and aryl groups on the diol led to the identifi ...
HL Option G Organic Chemistry
... G.10.1 DESCRIBE, USING EQUATIONS, THE NITRATION, CHLORINATION, ALKYLATION AND ACYLATION OF BENZENE. G.10.2 DESCRIBE AND EXPLAIN THE MECHANISMS FOR THE NITRATION, CHLORINATION, ALKYLATION AND ACYLATION OF BENZENE. ...
... G.10.1 DESCRIBE, USING EQUATIONS, THE NITRATION, CHLORINATION, ALKYLATION AND ACYLATION OF BENZENE. G.10.2 DESCRIBE AND EXPLAIN THE MECHANISMS FOR THE NITRATION, CHLORINATION, ALKYLATION AND ACYLATION OF BENZENE. ...
45. kinetics ch 12
... The physical state of the reactants: The ability of the reactants to collide lead to a reaction. The more readily molecules collide with each other, the more rapidly they react. A solid that is broken in up in to pieces will react faster than one that is not because of a greater surface area for rea ...
... The physical state of the reactants: The ability of the reactants to collide lead to a reaction. The more readily molecules collide with each other, the more rapidly they react. A solid that is broken in up in to pieces will react faster than one that is not because of a greater surface area for rea ...
Supporting Information Biomimetic Polymeric
... catalyst cm −2 of ZIF-9/glassy carbon electrode (blue line) in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH = 7.0) at a scanning rate of 5mV/s.The catalyst was uniformly cast onto a 5 mm glassy carbon electrode with a total loading of ca. 200 μg catalyst cm−2. During the measurements, the working electrode ...
... catalyst cm −2 of ZIF-9/glassy carbon electrode (blue line) in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH = 7.0) at a scanning rate of 5mV/s.The catalyst was uniformly cast onto a 5 mm glassy carbon electrode with a total loading of ca. 200 μg catalyst cm−2. During the measurements, the working electrode ...
lecture 5
... Physical Properties of Alkynes Alkynes are non polar compounds. Insoluble in water. Soluble in non polar organic solvents. They are less dense than water. Alkynes have low melting points and boiling points. Melting point and boiling point increase as the number of carbons increases. Termina ...
... Physical Properties of Alkynes Alkynes are non polar compounds. Insoluble in water. Soluble in non polar organic solvents. They are less dense than water. Alkynes have low melting points and boiling points. Melting point and boiling point increase as the number of carbons increases. Termina ...
Title Photochemical chlorination of methane Author(s) Tamura, Mikio
... The initial partial pressure of methane was 179 mm. I-Ig and that of chlorine I I I mm. I-Ig. The initial pressure of methyl chloride was o.o mm. Hg and the final pressure less than t mm. Hg. The experiments were carried out at room temperature (i9°C). A) Change of the Reaction Velocity during Expos ...
... The initial partial pressure of methane was 179 mm. I-Ig and that of chlorine I I I mm. I-Ig. The initial pressure of methyl chloride was o.o mm. Hg and the final pressure less than t mm. Hg. The experiments were carried out at room temperature (i9°C). A) Change of the Reaction Velocity during Expos ...
Organic Chemistry Introduction
... • Stabilize a high energy intermediate you stabilize the transition state leading to it ...
... • Stabilize a high energy intermediate you stabilize the transition state leading to it ...
Ene reaction
The ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction) is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen (the ene) and a compound containing a multiple bond (the enophile), in order to form a new σ-bond with migration of the ene double bond and 1,5 hydrogen shift. The product is a substituted alkene with the double bond shifted to the allylic position.This transformation is a group transfer pericyclic reaction, and therefore, usually requires highly activated substrates and/or high temperatures. Nonetheless, the reaction is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups that can be appended to the ene and enophile moieties. Also,many useful Lewis acid-catalyzed ene reactions have been developed which can afford high yields and selectivities at significantly lower temperatures, making the ene reaction a useful C–C forming tool for the synthesis of complex molecules and natural products.