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Qsp Ksp Qsp > Ksp
Qsp Ksp Qsp > Ksp

Heats of Formation WS
Heats of Formation WS

... 7. The Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid from ammonia and oxygen involves the following steps: 4 NH3 (g) + 5 O2 (g)  4 NO (g) + 6 H2O (g) 2 NO (g) + O2 (g)  2 NO2 (g) 3 NO2 (g) + H2O (l)  2 HNO3 (aq) + NO (g) [a] Use the values of ∆Hfº to calculate the value of ∆Hº for ...
Unit 13 Organic Chem AE
Unit 13 Organic Chem AE

... 1) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds which may be single, double or triple. This is due to the four unpaired valence electrons that carbon has in its ground state. These four bonds have a TETRAHEDRAL arrangement. 2) Most organic compounds are nonpolar or weakly polar. This means that most are held toget ...
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... 75. A student pipetted five 25.00-milliliter samples of hydrochloric acid and transferred each sample to an Erlenmeyer flask, diluted each with distilled water, and added a few drops of phenolphthalein to each. Each sample was then titrated with a sodium hydroxide solution to the appearance of the f ...
blank lecture 11
blank lecture 11

... • 1-propene-3-thiol and 3,3-di-(1-propenyl)disulfide – • trans-2-butene-1-thiol, 3-methyl-1-butanethiol, and methyl1-(trans-2-butenyl)disulfide – ...
Name of alkane Chemical formula Displayed formula Methane CH4
Name of alkane Chemical formula Displayed formula Methane CH4

... Name of alkene Ethene ...
Alkanes – Molecules w/o functional Groups
Alkanes – Molecules w/o functional Groups

... – Ka = K[H20] = [H3O+][A-]/[HA] – pKa = -log Ka ( pKa = pH + pA- -pHA) – pKa = pH where 50% of acid is dissociated [A] = [HA] – “weak acids” pKa > 4 ...
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... Nitrogen dioxide + water(l)  nitric acid + nitrogen monoxide Nitrogen dioxide(g) + water(l)  nitric acid(aq) + nitrogen monoxide(g) NO2(g) + H2O(l)  HNO3(aq) + NO(g) 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l)  2 HNO3(aq) + NO(g) ...
Functional Groups
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EXPERIMENT 4 (Organic Chemistry II) Pahlavan/Cherif
EXPERIMENT 4 (Organic Chemistry II) Pahlavan/Cherif

... Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is a catalyst for this reaction, which is called the Lucas test. The resultant alkyl chloride is insoluble in water and separates from the Lucas reagent (ZnCl2 in concentrated HCl), forming a cloudy mixture. Alcohols react at different rates, depending upon their structure. Ter ...
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PDF 4/page - (canvas.brown.edu).
PDF 4/page - (canvas.brown.edu).

... α-D-Glucopyranose has 4 equatorial and 1 axial substitutions on the pyranose ring whereas β-DGlucopyranose has 5 equatorial substituents on the pyranose ring. Minimization of steric hindrance favors equatorial positions for the highest number of pyranose substituents. The anomeric effect involving s ...
Structure of Organic Compounds Infra
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...  The number of double bond equivalents in a molecule tells us how many double bonds and/or rings are present in the molecule.  A value of zero tells us the molecule in question has no double bonds, no triple bonds, and/or no rings.  A value of one tells us that the molecule in question has one d ...
Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
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... • Ester hydrolysis can be speeded up by using acid as a catalyst. • H+ works by first protonating the carbonyl oxygen to make it more reactive • Like the reverse rxn (esterification) hydrolysis is an equilibrium process with a tetrahedral intermediate • Both OH- and OR- groups are equally likely to ...
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Bal Equations notes.cwk (WP)

... When hydrocarbons such as gasoline, methane, propane and sucrose are burned (combusted) they always produce energy plus carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. The act of burning is actually just a rapid reaction with oxygen. The equations are just the compound to be burned plus oxygen to produce carbon ...
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Exam I - Chemistry With BT

... instead of writing everything in their lab note-books, they tabulate it on a sheet of paper, which subsequently goes missing. They do remember the H(combustion) values to be different for their samples. In order to help the researchers, please construct the energy diagram below filling the boxes wi ...
Section II - School District 27J
Section II - School District 27J

... Tungsten metal may be prepared by reducing WO3 with H2 gas. How many grams of tungsten may be prepared from 0.0500 mol of WO3 with excess H2? (Water is also a product of this reaction.) (A) 5.58 g (B) 0.500 g (C) 9.19 g (D) 184 g (E) 18.4 g ...
Chemical Reactions (L1)
Chemical Reactions (L1)

... (BrINClHOF) For example, Oxygen is O2 as an element. In a compound, it can’t be a diatomic element because it’s not an element anymore, it’s a compound! ...
Full answers
Full answers

... 4 isomers: there are 2 pairs of enantiomers: Each isomer has 1 enantiomer and 2 diastereoisomers Give the products formed when methylphenidate is hydrolysed with 4 M HCl. ...
Answers - Final Exam 2013
Answers - Final Exam 2013

... related to reagents that have been covered in CHEM 203. On the basis of structural analogy, indicate the probable use of each of them (write your answers in the boxes): ...
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unit 4 practice

... 19.    According  to  this  information,  as  the  temperature  of  the  system  increases,  the  equilibrium  shifts   A.  left,  and  the  reaction  is  exothermic   B.  left  and  the  reaction  is  endothermic   C.  right  and  th ...
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Strychnine total synthesis



Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.
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