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Coordination Chemistry I: Structures and Isomers
Coordination Chemistry I: Structures and Isomers

... 4. Anionic ligands get an -o suffix (e.g., chloro for Cl–). Neutral ligands keep their normal name except for H2O (aqua) and NH3 (ammine) 5. There are two ways to deal with charge when naming complexes a. Stock system – the formal oxidation state of the metal is given by Roman numerals in parenthesi ...
Chemical Changes and Structure Homework Booklet
Chemical Changes and Structure Homework Booklet

... 12Mg are two different kinds of magnesium atom. a. What word is used to describe these types of atoms? b. Explain why they can be regarded as atoms of the same element? c. The relative atomic mass of magnesium is 24.3. What does this tell you about the relative amounts of each atom? An atom has atom ...
Yr 10 Chemistry Revision Test
Yr 10 Chemistry Revision Test

... Using plants to absorb copper from low grade ores. 9. What is bioleaching? Using bacteria to feed on low grade ores. They produce a waste that contains copper ions. 10.Why are these processes important? They can extract copper from low grade ores so that less mining of ores is needed. 11.How can car ...
Organic Chemistry: Organic Halides and Alcohols
Organic Chemistry: Organic Halides and Alcohols

Coordination Number 2
Coordination Number 2

... When determining the electron configuration of an element, we begin by using the Aufbau principle. Add electrons one at a time to the lowest energy available orbital. Through element 18 (argon) it works in an easily predictable pattern: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p. When we reach potassium, something quite un ...
Outline
Outline

Methane Activation by Transition-Metal Oxides, MOx
Methane Activation by Transition-Metal Oxides, MOx

... D2 is unstable for WO. Oxidative addition (D3 formation) is always unfavorable for CrOx. Of course, this oxidative addition does not occur for the high oxidation state of MO3. To form the hydride or carbide products from the reactants, it is necessary to break a M-O π bond. Thus, the observation tha ...
CH2ch24_2
CH2ch24_2

... ii. Fe3+—NCS = isothiocyanate complex b) NO2- Linkage isomers i. M—ONO = nitrito complex ii. M—NO2 = nitro complex ...
The chemistry of the transition metals
The chemistry of the transition metals

... 2. secondary valence: # of molecules/ions bound to metal atom, called coordination #. Ex: CoCl3  6NH3 has primary valence of 3 and coordination # of 6 ...
stoich practice problems sp11
stoich practice problems sp11

chemistry advanced may 2010 marking scheme
chemistry advanced may 2010 marking scheme

... (A-) (often a conjugate pair) (1) which serves to keep the pH of a solution almost unaltered when small amounts of hydroxonium or hydroxide ion are added by reacting with these species. (1) Chemical equations should be given to represent these changes. (1) (ii) Let the volume of 10-3M benzoate (A-) ...
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes Rule 1
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes Rule 1

... Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes Rule 1: The names of neutral coordination complexes are given without spaces. For coordination compounds that are ionic (i.e., the coordination complex is either an anion or anion of an ionic substance), the cation is named first and separated by a space from t ...
biodiesel production via acid catalysis
biodiesel production via acid catalysis

Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Platinum Metals Electrocatalysts
Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Platinum Metals Electrocatalysts

... required to place electrons into n* orbitals of weakly adsorbed carbon dioxide molecules plus the energy necessary for bond reorganisation in the radical anion products. Less severe potential requirements exist for ruthenium metal electrodes, that apparently point to surface catalysis. In fact, for ...
APEF – Equilibrium and Reaction Rate Multiple Choice Answers
APEF – Equilibrium and Reaction Rate Multiple Choice Answers

... 33. Analysis of a sample of HCl gas showed that when equilibrium was reached at a certain temperature, one half of the HCl molecules had dissociated into H2 and Cl2 molecules: 2HCl(g) ' H2(g) + Cl2(g) What is numerical value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature? A. 0.25 B. 0.50 C. 1.0 D. ...
Development of Novel Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions using
Development of Novel Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions using

... aldol reaction.2 A detailed investigation of the above reaction mechanism revealed that water (or PdOH produced from 1) acted as a nucleophile on the silyl group, as shown in Scheme 4, and chiral Pd enolates (I) were generated as the key chemical intermediates through transmetallation. While the fin ...
Carbon Compounds 2-3 Foldable Instructions
Carbon Compounds 2-3 Foldable Instructions

... processes.  Some proteins are used to form bones and muscles.  Other proteins transport substances into or out of cells or help to fight disease. ...
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... 1. an alloy of IRON and up to 1.7% CARBON, with small amounts of manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, and silicon 2. those with other metals 3. low-alloy steels have LESS THAN 5% of the alloying metal and high-alloy steels MORE THAN 5%. 4. Carbon steels are FAR STRONGER THAN IRON, and their properties ca ...
Grignard Reaction
Grignard Reaction

Photochemistry of Metal Complexes Studied by Time
Photochemistry of Metal Complexes Studied by Time

Blue-to-green electrophosphorescence of iridium
Blue-to-green electrophosphorescence of iridium

... rings on the ligands. The mer- conformation is expected to be the kinetically favoured product from the trans dichloro-bridged dimer precursor3b since there is no bond breaking and spatial rearrangement needed. The two nitrogen atoms on the N^N ligand coordinating the Ir centre are both trans-standi ...
crystal field theory, spectrochemical series, high spin
crystal field theory, spectrochemical series, high spin

CHEM1102 2014-J-8 June 2014 • Complete the following table
CHEM1102 2014-J-8 June 2014 • Complete the following table

... treatment of attention-deficit disorder. Identify all stereogenic (chiral) centres in methylphenidate by clearly marking each with an asterisk (*) on the structure below. ...
Ultrasonic acceleration of ester hydrolysis in ethanol–water
Ultrasonic acceleration of ester hydrolysis in ethanol–water

temperature and diffusion
temperature and diffusion

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Hydroformylation



Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.
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