Chapter 16: Ethers, Epoxides, and Sulfides
... Reaction of an alkoxide with an alkyl halide or tosylate to give an ether. Alkoxides are prepared by the reaction of an alcohol with a strong base such as sodium hydride (NaH) ...
... Reaction of an alkoxide with an alkyl halide or tosylate to give an ether. Alkoxides are prepared by the reaction of an alcohol with a strong base such as sodium hydride (NaH) ...
Dynamic ligand-field theory for square planar transition metal
... of Moleculur Structure (Theochem) 431 (1998) 97-107 ...
... of Moleculur Structure (Theochem) 431 (1998) 97-107 ...
Ch13 Lecture
... Nomenclature of Alkenes and Alkynes • When naming cycloalkenes, the double bond is located between C1 and C2. • The “1” is usually omitted in the name. • The ring is numbered to give the first substituent the lower number. ...
... Nomenclature of Alkenes and Alkynes • When naming cycloalkenes, the double bond is located between C1 and C2. • The “1” is usually omitted in the name. • The ring is numbered to give the first substituent the lower number. ...
Chapter 14
... Lithium metal is highly reactive and in fact is pyrophoric in air (i.e. it burns) and must be kept in an inert solvent at all times. We need two equivalents of the lithium to contribute the two electrons needed to form the C-X bond since each lithium atom has one valence electron and the halogen, X, ...
... Lithium metal is highly reactive and in fact is pyrophoric in air (i.e. it burns) and must be kept in an inert solvent at all times. We need two equivalents of the lithium to contribute the two electrons needed to form the C-X bond since each lithium atom has one valence electron and the halogen, X, ...
ALDOL CONDENSATION
... Deprotonation of 1 by base leads to carbanion 2 stabilized by its electron‐withdrawing groups. Structures 2a to 2c are three resonance structures that can be drawn for this species, two of which have enolate ions. This nucleophile reacts with the electrophilic alkene 3 to form 4 in a conjugate a ...
... Deprotonation of 1 by base leads to carbanion 2 stabilized by its electron‐withdrawing groups. Structures 2a to 2c are three resonance structures that can be drawn for this species, two of which have enolate ions. This nucleophile reacts with the electrophilic alkene 3 to form 4 in a conjugate a ...
I - Holland Public Schools
... In this case, 2 C2H2’s and 5 O2’s would need to collide in the same place at the same time VERY UNLIKELY * OK, so how does this work then? The chemical reaction is divided into a series of steps, each of which produces an intermediate, a product that is used as a reactant in a later step. Each step ...
... In this case, 2 C2H2’s and 5 O2’s would need to collide in the same place at the same time VERY UNLIKELY * OK, so how does this work then? The chemical reaction is divided into a series of steps, each of which produces an intermediate, a product that is used as a reactant in a later step. Each step ...
A Direct Access to 3-(2-Oxoalkyl)indoles via
... compounds8a,b or nitroethane (followed by the treatment with either NaOMe/TiCl3 or Fe/HOAc),4c,8c (b) the ring opening of epoxides by indole in the presence of lanthanide cations6d or organometallic reagents [followed by oxidation in the presence of Al(OPr-i)3 or Swern’s reagent],7,8d,e (c) the Lewi ...
... compounds8a,b or nitroethane (followed by the treatment with either NaOMe/TiCl3 or Fe/HOAc),4c,8c (b) the ring opening of epoxides by indole in the presence of lanthanide cations6d or organometallic reagents [followed by oxidation in the presence of Al(OPr-i)3 or Swern’s reagent],7,8d,e (c) the Lewi ...
Acylation of aromatic alcohols and phenols over InCl3
... from 7 to 96% on increasing the InCl3 loading from zero to 20%. The results clearly show that InCl3 (20%)/Mont. K-10 is a much superior catalyst than the Mont. K-10 without InCl3. It may be noted that use of InCl3 as a catalyst has also been reported earlier in a number of other other organic reacti ...
... from 7 to 96% on increasing the InCl3 loading from zero to 20%. The results clearly show that InCl3 (20%)/Mont. K-10 is a much superior catalyst than the Mont. K-10 without InCl3. It may be noted that use of InCl3 as a catalyst has also been reported earlier in a number of other other organic reacti ...
Organic Chemistry Fifth Edition
... Preparation of Ylides Ylides are prepared from alkyl halides by a two-stage process. The first step is a nucleophilic substitution. Triphenylphosphine is the nucleophile. A ...
... Preparation of Ylides Ylides are prepared from alkyl halides by a two-stage process. The first step is a nucleophilic substitution. Triphenylphosphine is the nucleophile. A ...
Chemistry 210 - MiraCosta College
... Students will use knowledge of acid-base concepts and reactivity of organometallic compounds to analyze and explain appropriate conditions in which these substances are to be kept before certain specific reactions. ...
... Students will use knowledge of acid-base concepts and reactivity of organometallic compounds to analyze and explain appropriate conditions in which these substances are to be kept before certain specific reactions. ...
Copper(II) bromide as efficient catalyst for silyl
... alcohols, we then briefly investigated the orthogonality of this method with other protecting groups. Benzyl, ester, acetal, and carbobenzyloxy (CBz) groups proved compatible with this transprotection procedure (entries 11–15). However, Boc-protecting groups gave less satisfactory results, surprising ...
... alcohols, we then briefly investigated the orthogonality of this method with other protecting groups. Benzyl, ester, acetal, and carbobenzyloxy (CBz) groups proved compatible with this transprotection procedure (entries 11–15). However, Boc-protecting groups gave less satisfactory results, surprising ...
Wade slides Chapter 7
... system. The trans double bond is in a ten membered ring. Compound (b) is a Bredt’s rule violation and is not stable. The largest ring contains six carbon atoms, and the trans double bond cannot be stable in this bridgehead position. Compound (c) (norbornene) is stable. The (cis) double bond is not a ...
... system. The trans double bond is in a ten membered ring. Compound (b) is a Bredt’s rule violation and is not stable. The largest ring contains six carbon atoms, and the trans double bond cannot be stable in this bridgehead position. Compound (c) (norbornene) is stable. The (cis) double bond is not a ...
Density Functional Study on the Preactivation Scenario of the
... field of transition-metal chemistry; e.g., carbonylmetal complexes with a 17-VE shell such as V(CO)6 undergo substitution via an associative mechanism (Scheme 4), the formation of a 19 VE intermediate being accompanied by a gain in bond energy.26 Moreover, Casey27 showed that the nucleophilic attack ...
... field of transition-metal chemistry; e.g., carbonylmetal complexes with a 17-VE shell such as V(CO)6 undergo substitution via an associative mechanism (Scheme 4), the formation of a 19 VE intermediate being accompanied by a gain in bond energy.26 Moreover, Casey27 showed that the nucleophilic attack ...
Phosphoric Trichloride
... Haibao Duan was born in Henan Province, P. R. of China. He received a M.Sc. in fine chemistry from Jiangnan University (Wuxi, P. R. of China) in 2004 and is now working towards his Ph.D. in organic chemistry under the supervision of Prof. Guomin Xiao at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeri ...
... Haibao Duan was born in Henan Province, P. R. of China. He received a M.Sc. in fine chemistry from Jiangnan University (Wuxi, P. R. of China) in 2004 and is now working towards his Ph.D. in organic chemistry under the supervision of Prof. Guomin Xiao at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineeri ...
- Iranian Journal of Science and Technology (Sciences)
... obtained from the reaction of triethylamine and chlorodiphenylphosphine was selected as the most suitable reagent and media for performing the esterification reactions. Apart from the ease of handling and preparation of this IL, the phosphine oxide formed in the reaction is taken up by the ionic liq ...
... obtained from the reaction of triethylamine and chlorodiphenylphosphine was selected as the most suitable reagent and media for performing the esterification reactions. Apart from the ease of handling and preparation of this IL, the phosphine oxide formed in the reaction is taken up by the ionic liq ...
Alkenes Key features sp -hybridized carbons, 120 bond angles
... Regioselectivity of reactions: Which side does the nucleophile end up? Some reactions favor reaction to occur with a particular orientation, where a given region of the molecule is more likely to participate in bond formation. This regioselectivity occurs with hydrogen halide addition to alkenes, s ...
... Regioselectivity of reactions: Which side does the nucleophile end up? Some reactions favor reaction to occur with a particular orientation, where a given region of the molecule is more likely to participate in bond formation. This regioselectivity occurs with hydrogen halide addition to alkenes, s ...
print
... corrosive acids such as H2SO4, or generate carcinogenic by-products (such as Cr3+), alternative less problematic regents have been developed. • One method uses a polymer supported Cr6+ reagent—Amberlyte A-26 resinHCrO4—that avoids the use of strong acid, and forms a Cr3+ by-product that can easily ...
... corrosive acids such as H2SO4, or generate carcinogenic by-products (such as Cr3+), alternative less problematic regents have been developed. • One method uses a polymer supported Cr6+ reagent—Amberlyte A-26 resinHCrO4—that avoids the use of strong acid, and forms a Cr3+ by-product that can easily ...
Microsoft Word
... application of Rho- zeolite for Anti-Morkovnikov addition of thiols across the double bond. Section B describes the utility of H-? zeolite for deprotection of allyl esters. The last section includes the results of oxidation of furan and allyl chloride over TS-1/H2O2 system. Section A: Anti-Markovnik ...
... application of Rho- zeolite for Anti-Morkovnikov addition of thiols across the double bond. Section B describes the utility of H-? zeolite for deprotection of allyl esters. The last section includes the results of oxidation of furan and allyl chloride over TS-1/H2O2 system. Section A: Anti-Markovnik ...
THE GENERAL LAW OF CHEMICAL KINETICS, DOES IT EXIST?
... The answer is: NO ! We do not know the law of chemical kinetics for the complex reaction, we even do not know its form. ...
... The answer is: NO ! We do not know the law of chemical kinetics for the complex reaction, we even do not know its form. ...
CH 14-15 Chapter 14-15 review wkey
... c) collision orientation d) collision rebound direction e) none of these 16. What distance corresponds to the activation energy for the reaction of X to Y? ...
... c) collision orientation d) collision rebound direction e) none of these 16. What distance corresponds to the activation energy for the reaction of X to Y? ...
CH 19
... • Nu- approaches 45° to the plane of C=O and adds to C • A tetrahedral alkoxide ion intermediate is produced ...
... • Nu- approaches 45° to the plane of C=O and adds to C • A tetrahedral alkoxide ion intermediate is produced ...
Chem 30CL-Lecture 12.. - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... DCC is used to activate the carboxylic acid The treatment of the initial product with Acid removes the BOC group (CO2, tert.-BuOH) Pd-C/H2 removes the benzyl group as toluene ...
... DCC is used to activate the carboxylic acid The treatment of the initial product with Acid removes the BOC group (CO2, tert.-BuOH) Pd-C/H2 removes the benzyl group as toluene ...
The Oxidation States of Tin
... reason that this yield was low is mainly attributed to the iodine-zinc portion of this reaction. This part of the experiment required that the zinc and iodine be combined in a flask with water and allowed to sit in an ice bath for an extended amount of time. This reaction was performed five times w ...
... reason that this yield was low is mainly attributed to the iodine-zinc portion of this reaction. This part of the experiment required that the zinc and iodine be combined in a flask with water and allowed to sit in an ice bath for an extended amount of time. This reaction was performed five times w ...
Grignard Reactions - faculty at Chemeketa
... reagents in organic chemistry. We will consider only its reactions with aldehydes and ketones at this time. Grignards react with aldehydes and ketones to give intermediate products that form alcohols when hydrolyzed. With formaldehyde, primary alcohols are formed; with other aldehydes, secondary alc ...
... reagents in organic chemistry. We will consider only its reactions with aldehydes and ketones at this time. Grignards react with aldehydes and ketones to give intermediate products that form alcohols when hydrolyzed. With formaldehyde, primary alcohols are formed; with other aldehydes, secondary alc ...
Document
... • Two Alkyl Groups of Alcohol Correspond to Grignard Reagent • Grignard Reactions Quite Useful in Wide Range of Alcohol Syntheses (w/ Varying Degrees of Substitution) ...
... • Two Alkyl Groups of Alcohol Correspond to Grignard Reagent • Grignard Reactions Quite Useful in Wide Range of Alcohol Syntheses (w/ Varying Degrees of Substitution) ...
Stille reaction
The Stille reaction, or the Migita-Kosugi-Stille coupling, is a chemical reaction widely used in organic synthesis which involves the coupling of an organotin compound (also known as organostannanes) with a variety of organic electrophiles via palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction.The R1 group attached to the trialkyltin is normally sp2-hybridized, including alkenes, and aryl groups; however, conditions have been devised to incorporate both sp3-hybridized groups, such as allylic and benzylic substituents, and sp-hybridized alkynes. These organostannanes are also stable to both air and moisture, and many of these reagents are either commercially available or can be synthesized from literature precedent. However, these tin reagents tend to be highly toxic. X is typically a halide, such as Cl, Br, I, yet pseudohalides such as triflates and sulfonates and phosphates can also be used.The groundwork for the Stille reaction was laid by Colin Eaborn, Toshihiko Migita, and Masanori Kosugi in 1976 and 1977, who explored numerous palladium catalyzed couplings involving organotin reagents. John Stille and David Milstein developed a much milder and more broadly applicable procedure in 1978. Stille’s work on this area might have earned him a share of the 2010 Nobel Prize, which was awarded to Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki for their work on the Heck, Negishi, and Suzuki coupling reactions. However, Stille died in the plane crash of United Airlines Flight 232 in 1989.Several reviews have been published on the Stille reaction.