CHEM1102 2014-J-8 June 2014 • Complete the following table
... Name the functional groups in molecule (E) indicated by the boxes “a” and “b”. a: amine ...
... Name the functional groups in molecule (E) indicated by the boxes “a” and “b”. a: amine ...
iupac nomenclature of organic chemistry
... side chains and secondary functional groups, they should be written mixed together in one group rather than in two separate groups. 7. Identify double/triple bonds. Number them with the number of the carbon atom at the head of the bond (i.e. the carbon atom with the lesser number that it is attache ...
... side chains and secondary functional groups, they should be written mixed together in one group rather than in two separate groups. 7. Identify double/triple bonds. Number them with the number of the carbon atom at the head of the bond (i.e. the carbon atom with the lesser number that it is attache ...
alcohols
... Alcohols, because of the more electronegative hydroxyl group are soluble in water for up to 3 carbons. Solubility decreases rapidly after propanol as each carbon is added. ...
... Alcohols, because of the more electronegative hydroxyl group are soluble in water for up to 3 carbons. Solubility decreases rapidly after propanol as each carbon is added. ...
COMPOUNDS OF CARBON CONTAINING NITROGEN
... 30.1.5 Uses of Amines Amines are very useful compounds. They are used for a variety of purposes in the laboratory as well as in the industry. Some aliphatic amines are used as solvents and intermediates in drug synthesis. The quaternary ammonium salts derived from long chain aliphatic tertiary amine ...
... 30.1.5 Uses of Amines Amines are very useful compounds. They are used for a variety of purposes in the laboratory as well as in the industry. Some aliphatic amines are used as solvents and intermediates in drug synthesis. The quaternary ammonium salts derived from long chain aliphatic tertiary amine ...
A-level Chemistry Question paper Unit 4 - Further Physical
... (iii) State and explain which of the two routes to propylamine, by nucleophilic substitution or by reduction, gives the less pure product. Draw the structure of a compound formed as an impurity. Route giving the less pure product ...................................................................... ...
... (iii) State and explain which of the two routes to propylamine, by nucleophilic substitution or by reduction, gives the less pure product. Draw the structure of a compound formed as an impurity. Route giving the less pure product ...................................................................... ...
Answers - Final Exam 2013
... 8. (40 pts.) Propose a good synthesis of the molecules shown below using only methanol, acetylene and ethylene oxide (see below) as the sources of carbon atoms. Intermediates / products obtained during an earlier sequence may be employed in a subsequent procedure. Assume the availability of all nece ...
... 8. (40 pts.) Propose a good synthesis of the molecules shown below using only methanol, acetylene and ethylene oxide (see below) as the sources of carbon atoms. Intermediates / products obtained during an earlier sequence may be employed in a subsequent procedure. Assume the availability of all nece ...
Survival Organic Chemistry
... single, double and triple bonds, bond lengths and angles, resonance, and bond dissociation energies. Your textbook will play an important role as a reference tool in this laboratory. Chapters and sections which will be important to refer to include; Chapter 20, sections 20.1 – 20.6 (omit Stereoisome ...
... single, double and triple bonds, bond lengths and angles, resonance, and bond dissociation energies. Your textbook will play an important role as a reference tool in this laboratory. Chapters and sections which will be important to refer to include; Chapter 20, sections 20.1 – 20.6 (omit Stereoisome ...
Chem 150 Unit 2 - Hydrocarbons & Functional Groups
... • Note how the boiling points increase with molecular weight. ...
... • Note how the boiling points increase with molecular weight. ...
Experiment 7: Acidity of Alcohols Williamson Ether Synthesis of
... The first step in this synthesis is preparation of sodium methoxide by reaction of anhydrous methanol with sodium metal. Anhydrous methanol (10 mL) is added to a clean, dry 25 mL round bottom flask containing a stir bar. The flask is fitted with an air condenser and a water cooled condenser as shown ...
... The first step in this synthesis is preparation of sodium methoxide by reaction of anhydrous methanol with sodium metal. Anhydrous methanol (10 mL) is added to a clean, dry 25 mL round bottom flask containing a stir bar. The flask is fitted with an air condenser and a water cooled condenser as shown ...
Organic Chemistry
... Reports of severe adverse side effects began to appear in 1959 Later is was found that clinical trials revealed these problems as early as 1956, yet the company released the drug anyway Withdrawn from market in 1961 Has since been re-released (prescription only) to treat leprosy and certain types of ...
... Reports of severe adverse side effects began to appear in 1959 Later is was found that clinical trials revealed these problems as early as 1956, yet the company released the drug anyway Withdrawn from market in 1961 Has since been re-released (prescription only) to treat leprosy and certain types of ...
Essential oils - Uddingston Grammar School
... Terpenes are components in a wide variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. Terpenes can be oxidised within plants to produce some of the compounds responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices. Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a high-energy form of light present in sunlight. Exposure to UV li ...
... Terpenes are components in a wide variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. Terpenes can be oxidised within plants to produce some of the compounds responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices. Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a high-energy form of light present in sunlight. Exposure to UV li ...
Arrows - Rutgers Chemistry
... When we discuss the mechanism, we begin by protonating one of the OH groups (step 1). We show this by a double-‐hooked arrow originating at an oxygen lone pair and pointing to the H; a second ...
... When we discuss the mechanism, we begin by protonating one of the OH groups (step 1). We show this by a double-‐hooked arrow originating at an oxygen lone pair and pointing to the H; a second ...
9: Formation of Alkenes and Alkynes. Elimination Reactions
... As the ethoxide ion removes the proton from Cβ, the electron pair in the C-H bond forms the C=C π bond as the bromide ion (Br:-) leaves from Cα with its bonding electron pair. The designation E2 stands for "elimination (E) with a bimolecular (2) transition state." The E2 transition state is bimolecu ...
... As the ethoxide ion removes the proton from Cβ, the electron pair in the C-H bond forms the C=C π bond as the bromide ion (Br:-) leaves from Cα with its bonding electron pair. The designation E2 stands for "elimination (E) with a bimolecular (2) transition state." The E2 transition state is bimolecu ...
Chapter 20: Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
... Oxidation of a substituted alkylbenzene with KMnO4 or Na2Cr2O7 gives a substituted benzoic acid (see Section ...
... Oxidation of a substituted alkylbenzene with KMnO4 or Na2Cr2O7 gives a substituted benzoic acid (see Section ...
alcohols - A-Level Chemistry
... Identify the three isomers which can give two different alkenes when dehydrated and identify the possible alkene products in each case. Identify the one isomer which cannot undergo dehydration and explain why this is the ...
... Identify the three isomers which can give two different alkenes when dehydrated and identify the possible alkene products in each case. Identify the one isomer which cannot undergo dehydration and explain why this is the ...
Neuman Chapter - Department of Chemistry
... As the ethoxide ion removes the proton from Cβ, the electron pair in the C-H bond forms the C=C π bond as the bromide ion (Br:-) leaves from Cα with its bonding electron pair. The designation E2 stands for "elimination (E) with a bimolecular (2) transition state." The E2 transition state is bimolecu ...
... As the ethoxide ion removes the proton from Cβ, the electron pair in the C-H bond forms the C=C π bond as the bromide ion (Br:-) leaves from Cα with its bonding electron pair. The designation E2 stands for "elimination (E) with a bimolecular (2) transition state." The E2 transition state is bimolecu ...
Branched-Chain Alkanes
... equally by the nuclei of the atoms forming the bond. – Thus, hydrocarbons are nonpolar molecules. • The attractions between nonpolar molecules are weak van der Waals forces. • So, hydrocarbons with low molar masses tend to be gases or liquids that boil at a low temperature. ...
... equally by the nuclei of the atoms forming the bond. – Thus, hydrocarbons are nonpolar molecules. • The attractions between nonpolar molecules are weak van der Waals forces. • So, hydrocarbons with low molar masses tend to be gases or liquids that boil at a low temperature. ...
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL
... State the reagent(s) used and give the essential condition(s) for step I and for step III. step I reagent(s) ................................................................................................................. condition(s) ................................................................ ...
... State the reagent(s) used and give the essential condition(s) for step I and for step III. step I reagent(s) ................................................................................................................. condition(s) ................................................................ ...
Ch 23 Carbonyl Condensations
... - If the other molecule’s carbonyl has no LG, the reaction proceeds as Nu addition. - If the carbonyl does have an LG, the reaction proceeds as Nu substitution. - If the carbonyl is conjugated with C=C, the reaction proceeds as conjugate addition. - The reactions begin with a base removing the H t ...
... - If the other molecule’s carbonyl has no LG, the reaction proceeds as Nu addition. - If the carbonyl does have an LG, the reaction proceeds as Nu substitution. - If the carbonyl is conjugated with C=C, the reaction proceeds as conjugate addition. - The reactions begin with a base removing the H t ...
PART 3 Principles and Applications of Organometallics in Catalysis
... reaction, but it should be noted that inhibitors which slow down certain reactions are also of great commercial and academic importance (e.g. flame retardents, corrosion inhibitors, antiknock additives in fuel, antioxidants in food). "catalyst" or "reagent"? In catalysis by organometallic systems, t ...
... reaction, but it should be noted that inhibitors which slow down certain reactions are also of great commercial and academic importance (e.g. flame retardents, corrosion inhibitors, antiknock additives in fuel, antioxidants in food). "catalyst" or "reagent"? In catalysis by organometallic systems, t ...
EXPERIMENT 1: Survival Organic Chemistry: Molecular Models
... The goal in this laboratory experience is for you to easily and quickly move between empirical formulas, molecular formulas, condensed formulas, Lewis structural formulas and three dimensional models of relatively simple organic compounds. To accomplish this, you will use your experience and chemica ...
... The goal in this laboratory experience is for you to easily and quickly move between empirical formulas, molecular formulas, condensed formulas, Lewis structural formulas and three dimensional models of relatively simple organic compounds. To accomplish this, you will use your experience and chemica ...
C7 Revision Powerpoint Part 1
... 2. Describe how the functional group affects the property of an organic compound and understand that alkanes are unreactive towards aqueous reagents because C—C and C—H bonds are unreactive; 3. Write balanced chemical reactions including for ...
... 2. Describe how the functional group affects the property of an organic compound and understand that alkanes are unreactive towards aqueous reagents because C—C and C—H bonds are unreactive; 3. Write balanced chemical reactions including for ...
- Iranian Journal of Science and Technology (Sciences)
... immiscibility of ionic liquids with a number of organic solvents provides a solution for biphasic separation of the desired products. Therefore, here high conversions have been achieved with a convenience of separation of the ester product from the reaction mixture. This makes the workup much easier ...
... immiscibility of ionic liquids with a number of organic solvents provides a solution for biphasic separation of the desired products. Therefore, here high conversions have been achieved with a convenience of separation of the ester product from the reaction mixture. This makes the workup much easier ...
Haloalkane
The haloalkanes (also known, as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens. They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons, although the distinction is not often made. Haloalkanes are widely used commercially and, consequently, are known under many chemical and commercial names. They are used as flame retardants, fire extinguishants, refrigerants, propellants, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. Subsequent to the widespread use in commerce, many halocarbons have also been shown to be serious pollutants and toxins. For example, the chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to lead to ozone depletion. Methyl bromide is a controversial fumigant. Only haloalkanes which contain chlorine, bromine, and iodine are a threat to the ozone layer, but fluorinated volatile haloalkanes in theory may have activity as greenhouse gases. Methyl iodide, a naturally occurring substance, however, does not have ozone-depleting properties and the United States Environmental Protection Agency has designated the compound a non-ozone layer depleter. For more information, see Halomethane. Haloalkane or alkyl halides are the compounds which have the general formula ″RX″ where R is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group and X is a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I).Haloalkanes have been known for centuries. Chloroethane was produced synthetically in the 15th century. The systematic synthesis of such compounds developed in the 19th century in step with the development of organic chemistry and the understanding of the structure of alkanes. Methods were developed for the selective formation of C-halogen bonds. Especially versatile methods included the addition of halogens to alkenes, hydrohalogenation of alkenes, and the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides. These methods are so reliable and so easily implemented that haloalkanes became cheaply available for use in industrial chemistry because the halide could be further replaced by other functional groups.While most haloalkanes are human-produced, non-artificial-source haloalkanes do occur on Earth, mostly through enzyme-mediated synthesis by bacteria, fungi, and especially sea macroalgae (seaweeds). More than 1600 halogenated organics have been identified, with bromoalkanes being the most common haloalkanes. Brominated organics in biology range from biologically produced methyl bromide to non-alkane aromatics and unsaturates (indoles, terpenes, acetogenins, and phenols). Halogenated alkanes in land plants are more rare, but do occur, as for example the fluoroacetate produced as a toxin by at least 40 species of known plants. Specific dehalogenase enzymes in bacteria which remove halogens from haloalkanes, are also known.