Pathogens - Net Texts
... Different pathogens spread in different ways. Some pathogens spread through food. They cause food borne illnesses, which are discussed in a previous concept. Some pathogens spread through water. Giardia lamblia is one example. Water can be boiled to kill Giardia and most other pathogens. Several pat ...
... Different pathogens spread in different ways. Some pathogens spread through food. They cause food borne illnesses, which are discussed in a previous concept. Some pathogens spread through water. Giardia lamblia is one example. Water can be boiled to kill Giardia and most other pathogens. Several pat ...
virus
... Viral Diseases in Plants • More than 2,000 types of viral diseases of plants are known; these have enormous impacts on the agricultural and horticultural industries • Plant viruses have the same basic structure and mode of replication as animal viruses • Most plant viruses known thus far have an RN ...
... Viral Diseases in Plants • More than 2,000 types of viral diseases of plants are known; these have enormous impacts on the agricultural and horticultural industries • Plant viruses have the same basic structure and mode of replication as animal viruses • Most plant viruses known thus far have an RN ...
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Ebola virus disease (EVD)
... Ebola is spread through direct contact with blood or body fluids (including, but not limited to urine, saliva, sweat, feces, vomit, breast milk and semen) of an infected person or animal, or through contact with objects that have been contaminated with the blood or other body fluids of an infected p ...
... Ebola is spread through direct contact with blood or body fluids (including, but not limited to urine, saliva, sweat, feces, vomit, breast milk and semen) of an infected person or animal, or through contact with objects that have been contaminated with the blood or other body fluids of an infected p ...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
... feeding. If these are imported from countries where PRRS is known to be present, appropriate procedures such as herd freedom certification, serological testing and quarantine should be followed. It would be very difficult to contain the disease if the feral pig population became affected (AHA, 2004) ...
... feeding. If these are imported from countries where PRRS is known to be present, appropriate procedures such as herd freedom certification, serological testing and quarantine should be followed. It would be very difficult to contain the disease if the feral pig population became affected (AHA, 2004) ...
Infectious Disease
... There are three types of influenza that we hear about today: Seasonal Flu – mild to severe respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. It is easily transmitted from human to human. Most people have some immunity. The best protection against seasonal flu is vaccination. 30,000 people die each ...
... There are three types of influenza that we hear about today: Seasonal Flu – mild to severe respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. It is easily transmitted from human to human. Most people have some immunity. The best protection against seasonal flu is vaccination. 30,000 people die each ...
Tompkins-Flu-032017
... 2. These small particles enter airways and are trapped 3. The virus adheres to epithelial cells 4. The virus binds to specific receptors and initiates the replicative cycle 5. Your immune response is initiated 6. Innate responses hold the virus at bay 7. Adaptive responses clear the infection and es ...
... 2. These small particles enter airways and are trapped 3. The virus adheres to epithelial cells 4. The virus binds to specific receptors and initiates the replicative cycle 5. Your immune response is initiated 6. Innate responses hold the virus at bay 7. Adaptive responses clear the infection and es ...
Development of Dot – Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for
... The important immunosuppressive viral infections of poultry viz., infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and chicken anaemia virus (CAV) are paving path for so many other infections. Infection with IBDV causes impaired immune response to many viral infections like Newcastle disease virus [1-2], maki ...
... The important immunosuppressive viral infections of poultry viz., infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and chicken anaemia virus (CAV) are paving path for so many other infections. Infection with IBDV causes impaired immune response to many viral infections like Newcastle disease virus [1-2], maki ...
Polio_virus
... • Post-polio syndrome may also occur in which symptoms ranging form breathing and swallowing problems to joint pain, start many decades after the initial sickenss • Poliovirus causes a disease know as poliomyelitis which is characterized as an infectious viral disease spread mostly through fecal mat ...
... • Post-polio syndrome may also occur in which symptoms ranging form breathing and swallowing problems to joint pain, start many decades after the initial sickenss • Poliovirus causes a disease know as poliomyelitis which is characterized as an infectious viral disease spread mostly through fecal mat ...
Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus types Ο and Asia 1 RNA
... Base composition analysis of FMDV-induced RNA was carried out by the method described by Nishimura (1972). The [32P] -labelled RNA was digested with RNase T2 at 37°C for 20 h. Mononucleotides from the enzyme digest were separated by paper electrophoresis at 4000 V for 60min using pyridine buffer, pH ...
... Base composition analysis of FMDV-induced RNA was carried out by the method described by Nishimura (1972). The [32P] -labelled RNA was digested with RNase T2 at 37°C for 20 h. Mononucleotides from the enzyme digest were separated by paper electrophoresis at 4000 V for 60min using pyridine buffer, pH ...
`Flu Near You` Wants To Track Influenza Trends in US
... document whether you had a vaccine or not, and then when that’s matched up with the symptoms, we may be able to start getting real numbers about how effective the vaccine is each year.” ...
... document whether you had a vaccine or not, and then when that’s matched up with the symptoms, we may be able to start getting real numbers about how effective the vaccine is each year.” ...
Animal Exposure Questionnaire 1.19.11
... Herpes B-Virus: Herpes B-virus (Cercopithecine Herpesvirus I) is carried by nonhuman primates of the genus Macaca. This genus includes rhesus, cynomolgus, bonnet, pigtail, and stumptail monkeys. Herpes B-virus typically causes mild to no disease in these species, but can cause fatal encephalitis in ...
... Herpes B-Virus: Herpes B-virus (Cercopithecine Herpesvirus I) is carried by nonhuman primates of the genus Macaca. This genus includes rhesus, cynomolgus, bonnet, pigtail, and stumptail monkeys. Herpes B-virus typically causes mild to no disease in these species, but can cause fatal encephalitis in ...
Module3: Positive strand RNA virus
... Historically, all the viruses were grouped according to the illness they caused (for eghepatitis, encephalitis etc.). It was quite common to name the virus on the disease with which it is associated (foot and mouth disease virus) or the geographical location from which it is isolated (Rift valley fe ...
... Historically, all the viruses were grouped according to the illness they caused (for eghepatitis, encephalitis etc.). It was quite common to name the virus on the disease with which it is associated (foot and mouth disease virus) or the geographical location from which it is isolated (Rift valley fe ...
summary of product characteristics
... have to be vaccinated properly and preferably at the same time. The vaccine virus can spread to other susceptible species with which they have direct contact. It was shown that the spreading has negligible impact on turkeys, which together with chickens constitute the species that are most susceptib ...
... have to be vaccinated properly and preferably at the same time. The vaccine virus can spread to other susceptible species with which they have direct contact. It was shown that the spreading has negligible impact on turkeys, which together with chickens constitute the species that are most susceptib ...
Gapped dsDNA genomes
... • Cells have no RNA-‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) • RNA virus genomes encode RdRp • RdRp produce RNA genomes and mRNA from RNA ...
... • Cells have no RNA-‐dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) • RNA virus genomes encode RdRp • RdRp produce RNA genomes and mRNA from RNA ...
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Wang, Wei-Kung Professor, Department
... National Taiwan University and Sc.D. in virology from Harvard School of Public Health, has the requisite training, expertise and leadership for the proposed research. Previously, he demonstrated that the level and rate of decline of DENV load and virus-containing immune complexes correlated with dis ...
... National Taiwan University and Sc.D. in virology from Harvard School of Public Health, has the requisite training, expertise and leadership for the proposed research. Previously, he demonstrated that the level and rate of decline of DENV load and virus-containing immune complexes correlated with dis ...
Cleaning and Disinfection Protocol
... has been cleaned discard all unused cleaning solution before proceeding to the next room. Allow surfaces to air dry or wipe dry if surfaces are still wet after the contact time as been achieved. Periodic rinsing of soft surfaces such as vinyl or naugahyde is suggested as well as equipment regularly ...
... has been cleaned discard all unused cleaning solution before proceeding to the next room. Allow surfaces to air dry or wipe dry if surfaces are still wet after the contact time as been achieved. Periodic rinsing of soft surfaces such as vinyl or naugahyde is suggested as well as equipment regularly ...
Estimating the Proportion of a Community Infected by a Contagious
... necessary medicare formula needed by a community productivity, resulting in economic disorder. Going that has been affected by a contagious disease for a by Sikorski and Peters (2008), some diseases are period of time, since the medical officials already infectious while others are not. While infect ...
... necessary medicare formula needed by a community productivity, resulting in economic disorder. Going that has been affected by a contagious disease for a by Sikorski and Peters (2008), some diseases are period of time, since the medical officials already infectious while others are not. While infect ...
Module 4: Negative strand RNA viruses
... largely determine the host range of these viruses. The respiratory tract epithelium of humans contains α 2-6 linkage sialic acid receptor while birds contain α 2-3 sialic acid receptor. The types of sialic acid receptor in the epithelium determines the tropism of human as well as avian influenza vir ...
... largely determine the host range of these viruses. The respiratory tract epithelium of humans contains α 2-6 linkage sialic acid receptor while birds contain α 2-3 sialic acid receptor. The types of sialic acid receptor in the epithelium determines the tropism of human as well as avian influenza vir ...
3. Update on previous reports. - The University of Liverpool Repository
... In 2005, researchers in the US reported that an equine-origin H3N8 influenza virus was responsible for a respiratory disease outbreak in greyhounds in Florida (Crawford et al., 2005). Serological analysis confirmed that the virus had probably been circulating in racing greyhounds since the late 1990 ...
... In 2005, researchers in the US reported that an equine-origin H3N8 influenza virus was responsible for a respiratory disease outbreak in greyhounds in Florida (Crawford et al., 2005). Serological analysis confirmed that the virus had probably been circulating in racing greyhounds since the late 1990 ...
Module 1
... that were too small to be observed under light microscope. This idea fails to be accepted by the present scientific community in the absence of any direct evidence. At the same time three landmark discoveries came together that formed the founding stone of what we call today as medical science. The ...
... that were too small to be observed under light microscope. This idea fails to be accepted by the present scientific community in the absence of any direct evidence. At the same time three landmark discoveries came together that formed the founding stone of what we call today as medical science. The ...
Understand Seasonal Flu, Human Swine Flu and Hand-foot
... Human-to-human transmission of swine flu is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu is spread among people – mainly through coughing or sneezing. – People may also become infected by touching objects soiled with flu viruses and then touching their mouth, nose or eyes. Infectious Period – It ...
... Human-to-human transmission of swine flu is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu is spread among people – mainly through coughing or sneezing. – People may also become infected by touching objects soiled with flu viruses and then touching their mouth, nose or eyes. Infectious Period – It ...
Rotavirus Rotavirus
... a slightly increased risk of intussusception (a bowel condition) following vaccination. Intussusception is rare and the risks of rotavirus infection outweigh the risks of an adverse event from vaccination. Babies who have had an episode of intussusception or who are born with a bowel condition e.g. ...
... a slightly increased risk of intussusception (a bowel condition) following vaccination. Intussusception is rare and the risks of rotavirus infection outweigh the risks of an adverse event from vaccination. Babies who have had an episode of intussusception or who are born with a bowel condition e.g. ...
Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease
... sexes and adult females can also spread the virus to adjacent healthy trees by crawling across interlocking branches. Mealybugs can also infect trees further afield, as they can be transported by wind or by animals, insects and humans. CSSV is not thought to be transmitted through cocoa seeds, but t ...
... sexes and adult females can also spread the virus to adjacent healthy trees by crawling across interlocking branches. Mealybugs can also infect trees further afield, as they can be transported by wind or by animals, insects and humans. CSSV is not thought to be transmitted through cocoa seeds, but t ...
Yellow Fever — Once Again on the Radar Screen in the Americas
... fever cases worldwide. However, localized outbreaks continue to occur in parts of Africa and Central and South America, resulting in an estimated 84,000 to 170,000 severe cases and 29,000 to 60,000 related deaths per year, according to the WHO. Beginning in December 2015, a large urban outbreak of y ...
... fever cases worldwide. However, localized outbreaks continue to occur in parts of Africa and Central and South America, resulting in an estimated 84,000 to 170,000 severe cases and 29,000 to 60,000 related deaths per year, according to the WHO. Beginning in December 2015, a large urban outbreak of y ...
Ebola virus disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD; also Ebola hemorrhagic fever, or EHF), or simply Ebola, is a disease of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. Then, vomiting, diarrhea and rash usually follow, along with decreased function of the liver and kidneys. At this time some people begin to bleed both internally and externally. The disease has a high risk of death, killing between 25 and 90 percent of those infected, with an average of about 50 percent. This is often due to low blood pressure from fluid loss, and typically follows six to sixteen days after symptoms appear.The virus spreads by direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, of an infected human or other animals. This may also occur through contact with an item recently contaminated with bodily fluids. Spread of the disease through the air between primates, including humans, has not been documented in either laboratory or natural conditions. Semen or breast milk of a person after recovery from EVD may still carry the virus for several weeks to months. Fruit bats are believed to be the normal carrier in nature, able to spread the virus without being affected by it. Other diseases such as malaria, cholera, typhoid fever, meningitis and other viral hemorrhagic fevers may resemble EVD. Blood samples are tested for viral RNA, viral antibodies or for the virus itself to confirm the diagnosis.Control of outbreaks requires coordinated medical services, alongside a certain level of community engagement. The medical services include rapid detection of cases of disease, contact tracing of those who have come into contact with infected individuals, quick access to laboratory services, proper healthcare for those who are infected, and proper disposal of the dead through cremation or burial. Samples of body fluids and tissues from people with the disease should be handled with special caution. Prevention includes limiting the spread of disease from infected animals to humans. This may be done by handling potentially infected bush meat only while wearing protective clothing and by thoroughly cooking it before eating it. It also includes wearing proper protective clothing and washing hands when around a person with the disease. No specific treatment or vaccine for the virus is available, although a number of potential treatments are being studied. Supportive efforts, however, improve outcomes. This includes either oral rehydration therapy (drinking slightly sweetened and salty water) or giving intravenous fluids as well as treating symptoms.The disease was first identified in 1976 in two simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, and the other in Yambuku, a village near the Ebola River from which the disease takes its name. EVD outbreaks occur intermittently in tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Between 1976 and 2013, the World Health Organization reports a total of 24 outbreaks involving 1,716 cases. The largest outbreak is the ongoing epidemic in West Africa, still affecting Guinea and Sierra Leone. {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|casesasof}}, this outbreak has {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|cases}} reported cases resulting in {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|deaths}} deaths.{{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|caserefs}}