Analysis of submissions: Proposal to Classify
... The possibility of a legal market leading to the release of an increasing range of little understood psychoactive compounds; ...
... The possibility of a legal market leading to the release of an increasing range of little understood psychoactive compounds; ...
Malaysian Statistics on Medicines 2008
... 1. Estimate the consumption of medicines and describe pattern of medicines use through assessing which alternative drugs are being used for particular conditions and to what extent. 2. Estimate the number of medicine users overall, by age, sex and geography and over time. 3. Estimate on the basis ...
... 1. Estimate the consumption of medicines and describe pattern of medicines use through assessing which alternative drugs are being used for particular conditions and to what extent. 2. Estimate the number of medicine users overall, by age, sex and geography and over time. 3. Estimate on the basis ...
Chronic tolerance to recreational MDMA
... in Parrott, 2004a). The third phase was from the late, 1990s to the present, when the proportion of Ecstasy tablets containing MDMA has increased to values around 80–100% (Cole et al., 2002; Hansen et al., 2001; Palenicek et al., 2002; see also Table 3 in Parrott, 2004a). Given that not every Ecstas ...
... in Parrott, 2004a). The third phase was from the late, 1990s to the present, when the proportion of Ecstasy tablets containing MDMA has increased to values around 80–100% (Cole et al., 2002; Hansen et al., 2001; Palenicek et al., 2002; see also Table 3 in Parrott, 2004a). Given that not every Ecstas ...
Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A: An Update on Pharmacology and
... olism of salvinorin A or of other compounds in the plant that exhibit an antidepressant activity. If salvinorin A is metabolized to an either active or inactive metabolite, then the binding affinity and the pharmacological profile studied in vitro are at jeopardy. A further study evaluated the effec ...
... olism of salvinorin A or of other compounds in the plant that exhibit an antidepressant activity. If salvinorin A is metabolized to an either active or inactive metabolite, then the binding affinity and the pharmacological profile studied in vitro are at jeopardy. A further study evaluated the effec ...
Esam Z. Dajani, Ph.D., FACG
... Directed a large, worldwide Phase-III/IV clinical development program for the evaluation of the therapeutic and prophylactic actions of misoprostol against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced ulcer. Planned and directed the corporate anti-ulcer and anti-diarrheal research programs at Searle ...
... Directed a large, worldwide Phase-III/IV clinical development program for the evaluation of the therapeutic and prophylactic actions of misoprostol against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced ulcer. Planned and directed the corporate anti-ulcer and anti-diarrheal research programs at Searle ...
ANALGESIC AND ANTI-PYRETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF
... Objective: Ficus benghalensis Linn. (Family: Moraceae) is a reputed plant in ayurvedic medicine and commonly known as "banayan tree" in ayurvedic literature. Traditionally, Ficus benghalensis is used for pain and fever. Since no detailed scientific data is available regarding the analgesic and antip ...
... Objective: Ficus benghalensis Linn. (Family: Moraceae) is a reputed plant in ayurvedic medicine and commonly known as "banayan tree" in ayurvedic literature. Traditionally, Ficus benghalensis is used for pain and fever. Since no detailed scientific data is available regarding the analgesic and antip ...
© Information - Universitätsmedizin Mainz
... d distribution as well as translation in any langua age. This leaflet is intended for p private p purp poses by p y patients p – anyy other use needs written consent of the authors. Version Sep 2014 ...
... d distribution as well as translation in any langua age. This leaflet is intended for p private p purp poses by p y patients p – anyy other use needs written consent of the authors. Version Sep 2014 ...
for Herbal Medicines
... • Dosage: Listed here are common modes of administration, forms and strengths of available commercial preparations, methods for preparing the natural herb, and representative dosage recommendations drawn from the literature. Note, however, that dosage recommendations can be used only as a general gu ...
... • Dosage: Listed here are common modes of administration, forms and strengths of available commercial preparations, methods for preparing the natural herb, and representative dosage recommendations drawn from the literature. Note, however, that dosage recommendations can be used only as a general gu ...
Document
... * When used in combination with insulin, insulin sensitizers may increase the risk of edema or CHF. The combination of an insulin sensitizer and insulin is currently not an approved indication in Canada. † May be given as a combined formulation: rosiglitazone and metformin (Avandamet TM) ...
... * When used in combination with insulin, insulin sensitizers may increase the risk of edema or CHF. The combination of an insulin sensitizer and insulin is currently not an approved indication in Canada. † May be given as a combined formulation: rosiglitazone and metformin (Avandamet TM) ...
Honors Chemistry
... a. Determine the formula of an ionic compound between any two given ions. S11.C.1.1.3, S11A.3.2.3 b. Distinguish between the classical and Stock systems of nomenclature. S11.A.3.3.1 c. Produce the name of a common chemical compounds from its formula. S11.A.3.3.1 d. Develop the formula of a common ch ...
... a. Determine the formula of an ionic compound between any two given ions. S11.C.1.1.3, S11A.3.2.3 b. Distinguish between the classical and Stock systems of nomenclature. S11.A.3.3.1 c. Produce the name of a common chemical compounds from its formula. S11.A.3.3.1 d. Develop the formula of a common ch ...
List of Substances of the Competent Federal Government and
... (Decision tree III/IV – via question 5) Common foods that are also used as medicinal products. Pharmacological effects are reported above a certain dose. If no significant pharmacological effects are identified, the substance can be classified as food. When reaching the pharmacologically effective d ...
... (Decision tree III/IV – via question 5) Common foods that are also used as medicinal products. Pharmacological effects are reported above a certain dose. If no significant pharmacological effects are identified, the substance can be classified as food. When reaching the pharmacologically effective d ...
Europol–EMCDDA Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: 4
... of the imported mephedrone is not known. One Member State, Austria, reported a case involving an ‘Internet online shop’ where legal substances, including mephedrone, were sold sourced from China and the Netherlands for EUR 3 000–7 000 per kilogram. Afterwards, these were sold in powder form to buyer ...
... of the imported mephedrone is not known. One Member State, Austria, reported a case involving an ‘Internet online shop’ where legal substances, including mephedrone, were sold sourced from China and the Netherlands for EUR 3 000–7 000 per kilogram. Afterwards, these were sold in powder form to buyer ...
International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research
... passages (haritaki pathyanam). Haritaki enjoys wide patronage in Tibetan medicine also which is known as A-ru-ra and praised with the adjective Sman-mchog-rgyal-pa (the king of best medicines). Haritaki in day to day life by judicious combinations of different adjuvants will be a boon for the person ...
... passages (haritaki pathyanam). Haritaki enjoys wide patronage in Tibetan medicine also which is known as A-ru-ra and praised with the adjective Sman-mchog-rgyal-pa (the king of best medicines). Haritaki in day to day life by judicious combinations of different adjuvants will be a boon for the person ...
VOLUME 3 - ICHO 41-45 _opravené_
... instructions, list of apparatuses available, chemicals on each desk and those available in the laboratory, and the risk and safety phrases with regard to the chemicals used. All of these items are important for the competitors during the competition but less important for those who are going to read ...
... instructions, list of apparatuses available, chemicals on each desk and those available in the laboratory, and the risk and safety phrases with regard to the chemicals used. All of these items are important for the competitors during the competition but less important for those who are going to read ...
product monograph
... arrhythmias during anesthesia, it should be used with extreme caution and constant ECG and central venous pressure monitoring. In patients during anesthesia with agents that require catecholamine release for maintenance of adequate cardiac function, beta blockade will impair the desired inotropic ef ...
... arrhythmias during anesthesia, it should be used with extreme caution and constant ECG and central venous pressure monitoring. In patients during anesthesia with agents that require catecholamine release for maintenance of adequate cardiac function, beta blockade will impair the desired inotropic ef ...
Qualitative research of online drug misuse communities with
... those of their parental compounds. In fact, it may be misleading to determine the psychoactive and other medical effects of these compounds simply by examining their chemical structure. As a result, it is necessary for the researcher to obtain information about their effects from the drug users’ per ...
... those of their parental compounds. In fact, it may be misleading to determine the psychoactive and other medical effects of these compounds simply by examining their chemical structure. As a result, it is necessary for the researcher to obtain information about their effects from the drug users’ per ...
Drug Design - Problems in Prediction
... pEC50 = 7.80 (about 16 nM), binds also to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor and inhibits cellular anandamide uptake. ...
... pEC50 = 7.80 (about 16 nM), binds also to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor and inhibits cellular anandamide uptake. ...
Kratom and Other Mitragynines
... United States). Mitragynine is widely available on the internet, and several websites sell it in the form of leaves (whole or crushed), as an extract, a powder or encapsulated powder, and extract-resin “pies.” Seeds and whole plants for cultivation are also available. Several Internet websites provi ...
... United States). Mitragynine is widely available on the internet, and several websites sell it in the form of leaves (whole or crushed), as an extract, a powder or encapsulated powder, and extract-resin “pies.” Seeds and whole plants for cultivation are also available. Several Internet websites provi ...
Potential medicinal benefits of Cosmos caudatus (Ulam Raja): A
... bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. Studies have shown that C. caudatus exhibits high antioxidant capacity and various medicinal properties, including anti-diabetic activity, anti-hypertensive properties, anti-inflammatory responses, bone-protective effect, an ...
... bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. Studies have shown that C. caudatus exhibits high antioxidant capacity and various medicinal properties, including anti-diabetic activity, anti-hypertensive properties, anti-inflammatory responses, bone-protective effect, an ...
Amorphous solid dispersion effects on in vitro solution
... This would not have been possible without those close to me. Secondly, I want to give special thanks to my graduate advisor, Dr. Andrew Neilson, for giving me the opportunity study under him, learn from him, and grow into more of a professional food scientist over the last two years. You truly want ...
... This would not have been possible without those close to me. Secondly, I want to give special thanks to my graduate advisor, Dr. Andrew Neilson, for giving me the opportunity study under him, learn from him, and grow into more of a professional food scientist over the last two years. You truly want ...
《药剂学》课程双语教学方法建设的工作进展
... occur not between dosage units from the same production batch, but rather between batches or between products from different manufacturers. Pooled dissolution testing has emerged. This process recognizes the concept of batch characteristics and allows pooled specimens to be tested. ...
... occur not between dosage units from the same production batch, but rather between batches or between products from different manufacturers. Pooled dissolution testing has emerged. This process recognizes the concept of batch characteristics and allows pooled specimens to be tested. ...
Bioavailability & Bioequivalence
... Drug metabolism/biotransformation This mainly occurs in the liver, via liver enzymes. But it can also occur in the blood plasma or at various other places (stomach, intestines, lungs, skin, or kidneys) directly by various enzymes at those locations In any case, these metabolites are then excre ...
... Drug metabolism/biotransformation This mainly occurs in the liver, via liver enzymes. But it can also occur in the blood plasma or at various other places (stomach, intestines, lungs, skin, or kidneys) directly by various enzymes at those locations In any case, these metabolites are then excre ...
Pharmaceutical Technology
... 3. Process aids – Preservatives and surfactants are added to the gelatin solution during capsule manufacture to aid in processing. Gelatin solutions are an ideal medium for bacterial growth at temperatures below 55○ C. preservatives are added to the gelatin and colorant solutions to reduce the grow ...
... 3. Process aids – Preservatives and surfactants are added to the gelatin solution during capsule manufacture to aid in processing. Gelatin solutions are an ideal medium for bacterial growth at temperatures below 55○ C. preservatives are added to the gelatin and colorant solutions to reduce the grow ...
guideline on specificatons: test procedures and acceptance
... Guideline was updated to take account of the newly introduced definitions and responsibilities. In addition, other clarifications and corrections to the existing text were introduced. There is no expectation that existing herbal medicinal products on the market will be affected by this guideline, wi ...
... Guideline was updated to take account of the newly introduced definitions and responsibilities. In addition, other clarifications and corrections to the existing text were introduced. There is no expectation that existing herbal medicinal products on the market will be affected by this guideline, wi ...
Antiatherogenic Properties of Naringenin, a Citrus Flavonoid
... of pure compound or orange juice. These results showed that naringenin and hesperetin can be absorbed from the diet. In fact, studies using 3-[14C]-hesperetin in rats indicate that intestinal absorption of aglycone flavanones may be greater than 90% (47). The glycoside form of naringenin, naringin, ...
... of pure compound or orange juice. These results showed that naringenin and hesperetin can be absorbed from the diet. In fact, studies using 3-[14C]-hesperetin in rats indicate that intestinal absorption of aglycone flavanones may be greater than 90% (47). The glycoside form of naringenin, naringin, ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.