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CHEM 1411 NAME: PRACTICE EXAM #3 (Chapters 6
CHEM 1411 NAME: PRACTICE EXAM #3 (Chapters 6

... Sodium and potassium have similar chemical and physical properties. This is best explained by the fact that both elements A) are active metals. B) are in Period 1 of the periodic table. C) have the same ground-state valence-electron configuration. D) have low relative atomic masses. E) have relative ...
No Slide Title - Rubin Gulaboski
No Slide Title - Rubin Gulaboski

... Orbitals and Quantum Numbers • Orbitals can be ranked in terms of energy to yield an Aufbau diagram. • As n increases, note that the spacing between energy levels becomes smaller. • Orbitals of the same energy are said to be degenerate. ...
chapters 1-4
chapters 1-4

... ~100 elements, millions of compounds H and He most abundant in space, O and Si in earth crust, O and C in human bodies. Atom – smallest building block; molecule – combination of two or more atoms. Can be an element or compound. ...
n 1
n 1

24. The Helium Atom
24. The Helium Atom

The Chemical Basis of Life
The Chemical Basis of Life

... Have a central nucleus Protons (+) Neutrons (0) Orbitals on the outside that hold Electrons (-) ...
5. Quantum mechanics of chemical binding
5. Quantum mechanics of chemical binding

... Why one decreases, the other increases? Look at an other representation of the orbitals (along the bond) ...
Document
Document

test2 contoh(30sept 2010) Word document - e
test2 contoh(30sept 2010) Word document - e

... Answer all questions in the space provided. 1. What happen to the atomic radius as we go down the group from top to bottom and across the period from left to right. Give a brief explanation for the trend that you have described. ...
Are You suprised ?
Are You suprised ?

cell molecules
cell molecules

... Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds • Organisms are composed of matter. • Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. • An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. • There are 92 naturall ...
Column A
Column A

... a. Calcium and Chlorine- CaCl2 b. Magnesium and oxygen- MgO c. Magnesium and phosphorus- Mg3P2 G) Write the formulas for the following compounds. ...
CHEM 11 Practice Exam 2
CHEM 11 Practice Exam 2

... 8) Which of the following is a general trend from left to right in the periodic table of elements? A) atomic radius increases; ionization energy increases B) atomic radius increases; ionization energy decreases C) atomic radius decreases; ionization energy increases D) atomic radius decreases; ioni ...
Mid Term Examination 2 Text
Mid Term Examination 2 Text

... electron in the 2s wavefunction by analyzing the information in its quantum numbers only. b) (5 Points): Determine the number and the position of the radial nodes of the 2s wavefunction as deduced from Eq. 1.3. Then, sketch a 3-D plot of the wavefunction  2s Note: “Sketch” means a plot qualitativel ...
Quantum Cloud Model
Quantum Cloud Model

... The original location of the electron is referred to as the Ground State The higher level is called the Excited State When the electron returns to the ground state it gives off energy equal to the difference between the two levels (excited and ground state) as electromagnetic radiation with its spec ...
chemical bond
chemical bond

1 The Photoelectric Effect 2 Line Spectra and Energy Levels
1 The Photoelectric Effect 2 Line Spectra and Energy Levels

... Rutherford scattering : alpha particles projected onto atoms and the resulting deflection. scintillation: momentary flash caused by a particle being absorbed and re-emitted by certain materials. Geiger counter : a device commonly used to detect radiation. nucleus: positively charged, dense core of t ...
Chapter 28 notes
Chapter 28 notes

... Rutherford scattering : alpha particles projected onto atoms and the resulting deflection. scintillation: momentary flash caused by a particle being absorbed and re-emitted by certain materials. Geiger counter : a device commonly used to detect radiation. nucleus: positively charged, dense core of t ...
Chapter Summary
Chapter Summary

... referred to as “spin up” and “spin down.” The spin angular momentum is characterized by the spin quantum number, which can take on values of +1/2 or –1/2. Understanding the periodic table of elements One key to understanding the periodic table is the Pauli exclusion principle – no two electrons in a ...
Lamb
Lamb

... The very existence of atoms, (Bohr, 1913), requires the finiteness of Planck's constant to be taken into account for the behavior of the atomic electrons. However, once granted the existence of atoms, we shall see that all of the experimental photoelectric phenomena are described by a theory in whic ...
Exam 3 Review
Exam 3 Review

Atomic Structure, Molecular Structure & Bonding
Atomic Structure, Molecular Structure & Bonding

... Concentration Redox Reactions Spectrometry ...
Atomic and Molecular Physics for Physicists Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Atomic and Molecular Physics for Physicists Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

... 1. Why do the helicities change upon reflection (this enables the atomchip setup)? 2. Until now we saw that all sigma (circular polatization) signs and/or helicities are the same for counter propagating beams in the MOT. Why is the above picture (also explaining a Mirror MOT) different? Hint: the en ...
visible Ultra violet Infra red Longer line ? Energy? Wavelength
visible Ultra violet Infra red Longer line ? Energy? Wavelength

... We  cannot  see  individual  molecules  using  visible  radia2on   Wavelength  of  visible  light  is  much  larger  than  the  molecule     Reduce  wavelength  and  increase  resolu2on   Frequency  increases   ...
Name
Name

... Electron Configurations An electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom. The aufbau principle says that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first. According to the Pauli exclusion principle, each orbital can contain at most two electrons. The two electrons must ...
< 1 ... 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 ... 137 >

Atom

An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is made up of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are very small; typical sizes are around 100 pm (a ten-billionth of a meter, in the short scale). However, atoms do not have well defined boundaries, and there are different ways to define their size which give different but close values.Atoms are small enough that classical physics give noticeably incorrect results. Through the development of physics, atomic models have incorporated quantum principles to better explain and predict the behavior.Every atom is composed of a nucleus and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or more protons and typically a similar number of neutrons (none in hydrogen-1). Protons and neutrons are called nucleons. Over 99.94% of the atom's mass is in the nucleus. The protons have a positive electric charge, the electrons have a negative electric charge, and the neutrons have no electric charge. If the number of protons and electrons are equal, that atom is electrically neutral. If an atom has more or fewer electrons than protons, then it has an overall negative or positive charge, respectively, and it is called an ion.Electrons of an atom are attracted to the protons in an atomic nucleus by this electromagnetic force. The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are attracted to each other by a different force, the nuclear force, which is usually stronger than the electromagnetic force repelling the positively charged protons from one another. Under certain circumstances the repelling electromagnetic force becomes stronger than the nuclear force, and nucleons can be ejected from the nucleus, leaving behind a different element: nuclear decay resulting in nuclear transmutation.The number of protons in the nucleus defines to what chemical element the atom belongs: for example, all copper atoms contain 29 protons. The number of neutrons defines the isotope of the element. The number of electrons influences the magnetic properties of an atom. Atoms can attach to one or more other atoms by chemical bonds to form chemical compounds such as molecules. The ability of atoms to associate and dissociate is responsible for most of the physical changes observed in nature, and is the subject of the discipline of chemistry.Not all the matter of the universe is composed of atoms. Dark matter comprises more of the Universe than matter, and is composed not of atoms, but of particles of a currently unknown type.
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