msc_pre_chemistry_pap1_bl2
... which is known as the spin only formula for magnetic moment. By recognizing that S will be related to the number of unpaired electrons (n) by S = n/2, the expression may be further simplified to; ...
... which is known as the spin only formula for magnetic moment. By recognizing that S will be related to the number of unpaired electrons (n) by S = n/2, the expression may be further simplified to; ...
Theoretical studies of systems of biochemical interest containing Fe
... and Cu(II). This fact involves that enzymes active sites are designed to cope with the remarkably different coordination preferences for these two ions. Although the Cu(III) oxidation state is generally considered to be unreachable due to the highly positive Cu(III)/Cu(II) redox potentials that resu ...
... and Cu(II). This fact involves that enzymes active sites are designed to cope with the remarkably different coordination preferences for these two ions. Although the Cu(III) oxidation state is generally considered to be unreachable due to the highly positive Cu(III)/Cu(II) redox potentials that resu ...
Conjugate addition_Clayden
... The reason that α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds react differently is conjugation, the phenomenon we discussed in Chapter 7. There we introduced you to the idea that bringing two π systems (two C=C bonds, for example, or a C=C bond and a C=O bond) close together leads to a stabilizing interaction. ...
... The reason that α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds react differently is conjugation, the phenomenon we discussed in Chapter 7. There we introduced you to the idea that bringing two π systems (two C=C bonds, for example, or a C=C bond and a C=O bond) close together leads to a stabilizing interaction. ...
isomeria geometrica
... Stereocenters • Any atom at which the exchange of two groups yields a stereoisomer. • Examples: • Asymmetric carbons • Double-bonded carbons in cis-trans isomers ...
... Stereocenters • Any atom at which the exchange of two groups yields a stereoisomer. • Examples: • Asymmetric carbons • Double-bonded carbons in cis-trans isomers ...
Synthesis, crystal structure and vibrational spectra
... ionocovalent character of the Ag+–O bonds. In the same way, much works about other families of condensed phosphates with general formula MIMIII(PO3)4 (where MI is an alkali cation, Ag [5] and [6]) and MIII is a rareearth trivalent cation [7], [8], [9] and [10], Bi [11] and [12] or Y [13] and [14] we ...
... ionocovalent character of the Ag+–O bonds. In the same way, much works about other families of condensed phosphates with general formula MIMIII(PO3)4 (where MI is an alkali cation, Ag [5] and [6]) and MIII is a rareearth trivalent cation [7], [8], [9] and [10], Bi [11] and [12] or Y [13] and [14] we ...
298
... Species 1−6 are [MIII(L)2]ClO4 complexes formed with the PhO-−CHdN−CH2−Py imines, (LI)- and (LtBuI)-, and PhO-−CH2−NH−CH2−Py amines, (LA)- and (LtBuA)-, in which PhO- is a phenolate ring and Py is a pyridine ring and the prefix tBu indicates the presence of tertiary butyl groups occupying the positi ...
... Species 1−6 are [MIII(L)2]ClO4 complexes formed with the PhO-−CHdN−CH2−Py imines, (LI)- and (LtBuI)-, and PhO-−CH2−NH−CH2−Py amines, (LA)- and (LtBuA)-, in which PhO- is a phenolate ring and Py is a pyridine ring and the prefix tBu indicates the presence of tertiary butyl groups occupying the positi ...
carbonyl compound group
... (vi) Oxime: Oximes are a class of organic compounds having the general formula RR′CNOH, where R is an organic side chain and R′ is either hydrogen or an organic side chain. If R′ is H, then it is known as aldoxime and if R′ is an organic side chain, it is known as ketoxime. ...
... (vi) Oxime: Oximes are a class of organic compounds having the general formula RR′CNOH, where R is an organic side chain and R′ is either hydrogen or an organic side chain. If R′ is H, then it is known as aldoxime and if R′ is an organic side chain, it is known as ketoxime. ...
Chapter 12, Alkenes and Alkynes
... more carbon-carbon triple bonds. These have little import to biochemistry and will not be studied further in this course. Fig. 12.UN, p.314 ...
... more carbon-carbon triple bonds. These have little import to biochemistry and will not be studied further in this course. Fig. 12.UN, p.314 ...
Document
... – Reduction of an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol (-CH2OH). – Reduction of a ketone gives a secondary alcohol (-CHOH-). ...
... – Reduction of an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol (-CH2OH). – Reduction of a ketone gives a secondary alcohol (-CHOH-). ...
ammines ncert solution
... (iv) Although amino group is o, p− directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline. (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction. (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amin ...
... (iv) Although amino group is o, p− directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline. (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction. (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amin ...
Document
... Hydrocarbon names are based on: 1) type, 2) # of carbons, 3) side chain type and position 1) name will end in -ane, -ene, or -yne 2) the number of carbons is given by a “prefix” 1 meth- 2 eth- 3 prop- 4 but- 5 pent6 hex- 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 decActually, all end in a, but a is dropped when next ...
... Hydrocarbon names are based on: 1) type, 2) # of carbons, 3) side chain type and position 1) name will end in -ane, -ene, or -yne 2) the number of carbons is given by a “prefix” 1 meth- 2 eth- 3 prop- 4 but- 5 pent6 hex- 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 decActually, all end in a, but a is dropped when next ...
Document
... Hydrocarbon names are based on: 1) type, 2) # of carbons, 3) side chain type and position 1) name will end in -ane, -ene, or -yne 2) the number of carbons is given by a “prefix” 1 meth- 2 eth- 3 prop- 4 but- 5 pent6 hex- 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 decActually, all end in a, but a is dropped when next ...
... Hydrocarbon names are based on: 1) type, 2) # of carbons, 3) side chain type and position 1) name will end in -ane, -ene, or -yne 2) the number of carbons is given by a “prefix” 1 meth- 2 eth- 3 prop- 4 but- 5 pent6 hex- 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 decActually, all end in a, but a is dropped when next ...
REASONING QUESTIONS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY TEXT
... even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. Explain. Ans: Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquids than aldehydes, ketones and even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. This is due to more extensive association of carboxylic acid molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hydrog ...
... even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. Explain. Ans: Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquids than aldehydes, ketones and even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. This is due to more extensive association of carboxylic acid molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hydrog ...
REASONING QUESTIONS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
... even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. Explain. Ans: Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquids than aldehydes, ketones and even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. This is due to more extensive association of carboxylic acid molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hydrog ...
... even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. Explain. Ans: Carboxylic acids are higher boiling liquids than aldehydes, ketones and even alcohols of comparable molecular masses. This is due to more extensive association of carboxylic acid molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The hydrog ...
CHAPTER 1—COVALENT BONDING AND
... c. The carbon-carbon triple bond of an alkene is exactly three times as strong as a carbon-carbon single bond of an alkane. d. The sp3C H bond of an alkane is longer than the spC H bond of an alkyne. ...
... c. The carbon-carbon triple bond of an alkene is exactly three times as strong as a carbon-carbon single bond of an alkane. d. The sp3C H bond of an alkane is longer than the spC H bond of an alkyne. ...
Ch 7New.notebook
... 6) What is the mass of air (roughly 79% N2 and 21% O2 ) in a 55 gallon drum at STP? (1 gal = 3.785 L)(even though there is no “air” molecule air can be given an average molecular mass based on it’s percent composition) ...
... 6) What is the mass of air (roughly 79% N2 and 21% O2 ) in a 55 gallon drum at STP? (1 gal = 3.785 L)(even though there is no “air” molecule air can be given an average molecular mass based on it’s percent composition) ...
DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN AND OF POLYMER
... 3.1 Inductive and resonance effects influencing C=O shift…........................................27 3.2 Effect of conjugation.................................................................................................27 3.3 A resonance structure for 4-methoxybenzaldehyde showing decreased doub ...
... 3.1 Inductive and resonance effects influencing C=O shift…........................................27 3.2 Effect of conjugation.................................................................................................27 3.3 A resonance structure for 4-methoxybenzaldehyde showing decreased doub ...
HMDS - Sigma
... atom of the silyl donor, producing a bimolecular transition state. The silyl compound leaving group (X) must posses low basicity, the ability to stabilize a negative charge in the transition state, and little or no tendency for π (p-d) back bonding between itself and the silicon atom. The ideal sily ...
... atom of the silyl donor, producing a bimolecular transition state. The silyl compound leaving group (X) must posses low basicity, the ability to stabilize a negative charge in the transition state, and little or no tendency for π (p-d) back bonding between itself and the silicon atom. The ideal sily ...
Alcohols and Thiols
... The alcoholic proton is also somewhat acidic. The pKa for alcohols runs between 15 and 18 - certainly more acidic than your average alkyne! The general trend in acidity is 1°>2°>3°, with t-butanol being about the least acidic alcohol you’ll find...this is why t-butoxide is used as a base in many of ...
... The alcoholic proton is also somewhat acidic. The pKa for alcohols runs between 15 and 18 - certainly more acidic than your average alkyne! The general trend in acidity is 1°>2°>3°, with t-butanol being about the least acidic alcohol you’ll find...this is why t-butoxide is used as a base in many of ...
Brilliant Preparatory Section, Sitamarhi
... viii. All the reactants and products should be written as molecules including the elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine chlorine, bromine and iodine as H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2. ...
... viii. All the reactants and products should be written as molecules including the elements like hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine chlorine, bromine and iodine as H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2. ...
esters and related carboxylic acid derivatives
... Principles of Drug Action 1, Spring 2005, Esters B. Acidity: Ester carbonyl's effect on adjacent C-H bonds In the introduction of this section it was noted that esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids which arise via replacement of the -OH portion of the acid COOH function with an "ether" moiety ...
... Principles of Drug Action 1, Spring 2005, Esters B. Acidity: Ester carbonyl's effect on adjacent C-H bonds In the introduction of this section it was noted that esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids which arise via replacement of the -OH portion of the acid COOH function with an "ether" moiety ...
COURSES SCHEME & SYLLABUS
... Course Objective: To impart advanced knowledge of aromaticity, stereochemistry of organic compounds, pericyclic and photochemical reactions. Stereochemistry: Conformational analysis of Cycloalkanes and Decalins, Effect of conformation on reactivity, Conformation of sugars, Steric-strain due to unavo ...
... Course Objective: To impart advanced knowledge of aromaticity, stereochemistry of organic compounds, pericyclic and photochemical reactions. Stereochemistry: Conformational analysis of Cycloalkanes and Decalins, Effect of conformation on reactivity, Conformation of sugars, Steric-strain due to unavo ...
Homoaromaticity
Homoaromaticity in organic chemistry refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp3 center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability and many of the spectroscopic, magnetic, and chemical properties associated with aromatic compounds are still observed for such compounds. This formal discontinuity is apparently bridged by p-orbital overlap, maintaining a contiguous cycle of π electrons that is responsible for this preserved chemical stability.The concept of homoaromaticity was pioneered by Saul Winstein in 1959, prompted by his studies of the “tris-homocyclopropenyl” cation. Since the publication of Winstein's paper, much research has been devoted to understanding and classifying these molecules, which represent an additional “class” of aromatic molecules included under the continuously broadening definition of aromaticity. To date, homoaromatic compounds are known to exist as cationic and anionic species, and some studies support the existence of neutral homoaromatic molecules, though these are less common. The 'homotropylium' cation (C8H9+) is perhaps the best studied example of a homoaromatic compound.