Bonding Notes
... forms large structures called crystal lattices. When dissolved, the water molecules break this lattice apart and surround the ions, holding them in solution as hydrated ions. These crystal lattices are electrically neutral. Thus, the ions must be present in the lattice in a ratio that causes the neg ...
... forms large structures called crystal lattices. When dissolved, the water molecules break this lattice apart and surround the ions, holding them in solution as hydrated ions. These crystal lattices are electrically neutral. Thus, the ions must be present in the lattice in a ratio that causes the neg ...
Chapter #2 - FIU Faculty Websites
... With two or more carbons, multiple bonds are possible z Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds z Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds z Aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene-like stable structures ...
... With two or more carbons, multiple bonds are possible z Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds z Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds z Aromatic hydrocarbons contain benzene-like stable structures ...
Practice Final Exam, Chemistry 2220, Organic Chem II 1. Rank the
... 22. Which of these compounds best fits these data? It is soluble in water, and turns red litmus blue; has only one major IR band, at 2950 cm-1, and has the following 1H NMR spectrum: 2.7 ppm, 2H; 2.2 ppm, 6H; 1.0 ppm, 3H. A. N,N-dimethylethanamine B. propanoic acid C. 2-propanol D. 2-methylpropane ...
... 22. Which of these compounds best fits these data? It is soluble in water, and turns red litmus blue; has only one major IR band, at 2950 cm-1, and has the following 1H NMR spectrum: 2.7 ppm, 2H; 2.2 ppm, 6H; 1.0 ppm, 3H. A. N,N-dimethylethanamine B. propanoic acid C. 2-propanol D. 2-methylpropane ...
Document
... – Carbon skeletons can be branched or unbranched – Therefore, different compounds with the same molecular formula can be produced – These structures are called isomers ...
... – Carbon skeletons can be branched or unbranched – Therefore, different compounds with the same molecular formula can be produced – These structures are called isomers ...
3.1 Life`s molecular diversity is based on the properties of carbon
... Many monosaccharides form rings. The ring diagram may be – abbreviated by not showing the carbon atoms at the corners of the ring and – drawn with different thicknesses for the bonds, to indicate that the ring is a relatively flat structure with attached atoms extending above and below it. ...
... Many monosaccharides form rings. The ring diagram may be – abbreviated by not showing the carbon atoms at the corners of the ring and – drawn with different thicknesses for the bonds, to indicate that the ring is a relatively flat structure with attached atoms extending above and below it. ...
Bonding
... In 1916 G. N. Lewis proposed that atoms combine in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration. Maximum stability results when an atom is isoelectronic with a noble gas. An electron pair that is shared between two atoms constitutes a covalent bond. ...
... In 1916 G. N. Lewis proposed that atoms combine in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration. Maximum stability results when an atom is isoelectronic with a noble gas. An electron pair that is shared between two atoms constitutes a covalent bond. ...
Chapter 4 - HCC Learning Web
... • This tetravalence makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bond, the molecule has a flat shape ...
... • This tetravalence makes large, complex molecules possible • In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral shape • However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bond, the molecule has a flat shape ...
Reading Guide Organic Chemistry
... What is the fewest number of carbons needed for an alkane to have structural isomers? As the number of carbon atoms increases, what happens to the number of possible structural isomers? ...
... What is the fewest number of carbons needed for an alkane to have structural isomers? As the number of carbon atoms increases, what happens to the number of possible structural isomers? ...
Slide 1
... One important property of the noble gases is their inactivity. They are inactive because their outermost energy level is full. Because they do not readily combine with other elements to form compounds, the noble gases are called inert. The family of noble gases includes helium, neon, argon, krypton, ...
... One important property of the noble gases is their inactivity. They are inactive because their outermost energy level is full. Because they do not readily combine with other elements to form compounds, the noble gases are called inert. The family of noble gases includes helium, neon, argon, krypton, ...
Seminar_1 1. Classification and nomenclature of organic
... cycloalkanes have the general formula CnH2n instead of CnH2n+2 for the chain molecules. Cycloalkanes behave very similarly to the other alkanes, but they tend to have higher melting and boiling points. They have the same name as the corresponding straight–chain molecule, but with the prefix 'cyclo–' ...
... cycloalkanes have the general formula CnH2n instead of CnH2n+2 for the chain molecules. Cycloalkanes behave very similarly to the other alkanes, but they tend to have higher melting and boiling points. They have the same name as the corresponding straight–chain molecule, but with the prefix 'cyclo–' ...
01. Structure and properties of organic compounds. Aldehydes fnd
... Oxidation — а net decrease in the number of bonds to hydrogen or electropositive element, or а net increase in the number of bonds to electronegative elements. А net loss of electrons. ...
... Oxidation — а net decrease in the number of bonds to hydrogen or electropositive element, or а net increase in the number of bonds to electronegative elements. А net loss of electrons. ...
Limiting Reactant WS with Answers
... 8) The amino acid arginine is an essential component of all proteins. This compound contains 41.36% carbon, 8.10% hydrogen, and 32.17% nitrogen, with the remainder being oxygen. a) Determine the empirical formula of arginine. b) The molar mass of arginine is known to be between 100 and 200 g/mol. D ...
... 8) The amino acid arginine is an essential component of all proteins. This compound contains 41.36% carbon, 8.10% hydrogen, and 32.17% nitrogen, with the remainder being oxygen. a) Determine the empirical formula of arginine. b) The molar mass of arginine is known to be between 100 and 200 g/mol. D ...
Topic 3 – Chemical Structure and Bonding
... o Nitration of benzene followed by reduction using Sn/HCl o Substitution of a halogen by CN- to lengthen a carbon chain o Acylation of a benzene ring followed by reduction using LiAlH4 to give an alcohol ...
... o Nitration of benzene followed by reduction using Sn/HCl o Substitution of a halogen by CN- to lengthen a carbon chain o Acylation of a benzene ring followed by reduction using LiAlH4 to give an alcohol ...
Chemical Bingo: Naming Review
... To be honest, there may be more…this is what I found, so try and prove me wrong! Extra Credit to anyone who can find more structures… Some of your drawings may look different, but they are only different structures (isomers) if they also have different names ...
... To be honest, there may be more…this is what I found, so try and prove me wrong! Extra Credit to anyone who can find more structures… Some of your drawings may look different, but they are only different structures (isomers) if they also have different names ...
17.2.3 Interhalogen compounds(65-67)
... number of halogen atoms: these ions will be considered in subsequent sections (pp. 835, 839). Related to the interhalogens chemically, are compounds formed between a halogen atom and a pseudohalogen group such as CN, SCN, N3. Examples are the linear molecules ClCN, BrCN, ICN and the corresponding co ...
... number of halogen atoms: these ions will be considered in subsequent sections (pp. 835, 839). Related to the interhalogens chemically, are compounds formed between a halogen atom and a pseudohalogen group such as CN, SCN, N3. Examples are the linear molecules ClCN, BrCN, ICN and the corresponding co ...
Chapter 1 Chemical Bonding and Chemical Structure
... – MP’s relatively high – BP’s similar to molecules of similar structure and symmetry ...
... – MP’s relatively high – BP’s similar to molecules of similar structure and symmetry ...
CH 6
... • More highly substituted carbocation forms as intermediate rather than less highly substituted one • Tertiary cations and associated transition states are more stable than primary cations ...
... • More highly substituted carbocation forms as intermediate rather than less highly substituted one • Tertiary cations and associated transition states are more stable than primary cations ...
Unit 2 Content Statements
... Nitrogen is essential for protein formation by plants and animals. Proteins are condensation polymers made up of many amino acid molecules linked together. The structure of a section of protein is based on the constituent amino acids. Condensation of amino acids produces the peptide (amide) link. Th ...
... Nitrogen is essential for protein formation by plants and animals. Proteins are condensation polymers made up of many amino acid molecules linked together. The structure of a section of protein is based on the constituent amino acids. Condensation of amino acids produces the peptide (amide) link. Th ...
ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS
... An isotope detected in a mass spectrometer has atomic number 82 and relative mass 205. Write the symbol for this isotope, and list the subatomic particles composing it. ...
... An isotope detected in a mass spectrometer has atomic number 82 and relative mass 205. Write the symbol for this isotope, and list the subatomic particles composing it. ...
Part 1
... Rule #2: Number the carbons in the main chain Number chain to minimize the position/number of the following in order of priority: a) thing you’re naming the compound after (double bond if alkene; -OH group if alcohol, etc) note: for multiple double bonds -diene, -triene, -tetraene b) first branch/s ...
... Rule #2: Number the carbons in the main chain Number chain to minimize the position/number of the following in order of priority: a) thing you’re naming the compound after (double bond if alkene; -OH group if alcohol, etc) note: for multiple double bonds -diene, -triene, -tetraene b) first branch/s ...
Name_______________________________________________
... d. Their tendency is to form a complete outermost octet in a noblegas configuration. 3. Which is the correct formula for a compound made of Sn2+ and NO3– ? a. Sn2NO3 b. Sn(NO3)2 c. Sn3NO2 d. 2Sn3NO 4. Which is the correct formula for silver chloride? a. Ag+Cl– b. 2Ag2Cl c. AgClO d. AgCl Answer the f ...
... d. Their tendency is to form a complete outermost octet in a noblegas configuration. 3. Which is the correct formula for a compound made of Sn2+ and NO3– ? a. Sn2NO3 b. Sn(NO3)2 c. Sn3NO2 d. 2Sn3NO 4. Which is the correct formula for silver chloride? a. Ag+Cl– b. 2Ag2Cl c. AgClO d. AgCl Answer the f ...
Activities 2
... A. Protons have an elementary positive charge of 1. B. Protons have one Dalton of mass. C. Protons are always found in the nucleus of the atom. D. Any atom found in nature always has the same number of protons as electrons. 2. Which of the following statements about electron orbitals is FALSE? A. Th ...
... A. Protons have an elementary positive charge of 1. B. Protons have one Dalton of mass. C. Protons are always found in the nucleus of the atom. D. Any atom found in nature always has the same number of protons as electrons. 2. Which of the following statements about electron orbitals is FALSE? A. Th ...
Chemistry for Changing Times 11th Edition Hill and Kolb
... maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon and no double or triple bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons can undergo an addition reaction, such as that seen on the right here. ...
... maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon and no double or triple bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons can undergo an addition reaction, such as that seen on the right here. ...
Homoaromaticity
Homoaromaticity in organic chemistry refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp3 center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability and many of the spectroscopic, magnetic, and chemical properties associated with aromatic compounds are still observed for such compounds. This formal discontinuity is apparently bridged by p-orbital overlap, maintaining a contiguous cycle of π electrons that is responsible for this preserved chemical stability.The concept of homoaromaticity was pioneered by Saul Winstein in 1959, prompted by his studies of the “tris-homocyclopropenyl” cation. Since the publication of Winstein's paper, much research has been devoted to understanding and classifying these molecules, which represent an additional “class” of aromatic molecules included under the continuously broadening definition of aromaticity. To date, homoaromatic compounds are known to exist as cationic and anionic species, and some studies support the existence of neutral homoaromatic molecules, though these are less common. The 'homotropylium' cation (C8H9+) is perhaps the best studied example of a homoaromatic compound.