Banks credit assessment to small businesses
... In this section the introduction, a description of the background and the problem discussion of the chosen topic will be presented. It will be followed by the thesis purpose, research questions, delimitations and explanations of important definitions. Small- and medium sized businesses (SMEs) are co ...
... In this section the introduction, a description of the background and the problem discussion of the chosen topic will be presented. It will be followed by the thesis purpose, research questions, delimitations and explanations of important definitions. Small- and medium sized businesses (SMEs) are co ...
1 Too Low for Too Long Interest Rates, Bank Risk Taking and Bank
... of three forces: interest rate pass-through risk shifting and leverage. The model differentiates the impact of interest rates on bank risk taking according to the degree of bank’s capitalization. When capital is endogenously determined, and when banks can adjust their capital holdings in response to ...
... of three forces: interest rate pass-through risk shifting and leverage. The model differentiates the impact of interest rates on bank risk taking according to the degree of bank’s capitalization. When capital is endogenously determined, and when banks can adjust their capital holdings in response to ...
Objectives for Chapter 23: The Basic Theory of Monetarism Chapter
... The more people will spend on daily transactions, the greater is the demand for money and vice versa. The demand for money = k times P times Q. In addition to the transactions demand for money, there is also an asset demand for money. There are two aspects of this asset demand for money. The first a ...
... The more people will spend on daily transactions, the greater is the demand for money and vice versa. The demand for money = k times P times Q. In addition to the transactions demand for money, there is also an asset demand for money. There are two aspects of this asset demand for money. The first a ...
Financial versus Monetary Mercantilism-Long
... mercantilist benefit of maintaining a competitive exchange rate reinforces the attraction of hoarding reserves as a means of making provisions for financial fragility, compared to other means that do not help to maintain a competitive exchange rate—including structural reforms that strengthen the fi ...
... mercantilist benefit of maintaining a competitive exchange rate reinforces the attraction of hoarding reserves as a means of making provisions for financial fragility, compared to other means that do not help to maintain a competitive exchange rate—including structural reforms that strengthen the fi ...
A Historical Assessment of the Rationale and Functions of Reserve
... was raised to restrain credit and lowered to encourage credit expansion. Use of the discount rate in this. manner meant that credit, money, and required reserves were largely accommodated in the short run at a given discount rate. To the extent that reserve demand was simply accommodated, reserve re ...
... was raised to restrain credit and lowered to encourage credit expansion. Use of the discount rate in this. manner meant that credit, money, and required reserves were largely accommodated in the short run at a given discount rate. To the extent that reserve demand was simply accommodated, reserve re ...
Open Market Operations, Interbank Market and Over
... banks in the developed economies made of these operations during the financial crisis. The model is based on the New Monetarist Economics 2 literature stemming from Lagos and Wright (2005) in which money is an essential medium of exchange, that is, in its absence the economy converges to a Pareto i ...
... banks in the developed economies made of these operations during the financial crisis. The model is based on the New Monetarist Economics 2 literature stemming from Lagos and Wright (2005) in which money is an essential medium of exchange, that is, in its absence the economy converges to a Pareto i ...
“MURABAHA”
... for fast and safe transaction, keeping in mind the interest factor, while transacting with bank leads customer away from the bank, in Muslims countries particularly in Pakistan, because interest is not permissible in Islamic Shariah. Interest in known as second major sin after shirk. What should a M ...
... for fast and safe transaction, keeping in mind the interest factor, while transacting with bank leads customer away from the bank, in Muslims countries particularly in Pakistan, because interest is not permissible in Islamic Shariah. Interest in known as second major sin after shirk. What should a M ...
BankGuam Holding Company
... government of Guam. This increase in liabilities was largely offset by the end of the year through our strategic purchase of Wells Fargo Financial’s loan portfolio in Guam and Saipan. Those loans will add to our profitability for a few years, but then they will be gone and, unless we find other aven ...
... government of Guam. This increase in liabilities was largely offset by the end of the year through our strategic purchase of Wells Fargo Financial’s loan portfolio in Guam and Saipan. Those loans will add to our profitability for a few years, but then they will be gone and, unless we find other aven ...
Lecture Outline
... Aggregate Demand The Balanced Budget Multiplier The Balanced Budget Multiplier The balanced tax multiplier is the magnification effect on aggregate demand of a simultaneous change in government expenditure and taxes that leaves the budget balance unchanged. The balanced budget multiplier is po ...
... Aggregate Demand The Balanced Budget Multiplier The Balanced Budget Multiplier The balanced tax multiplier is the magnification effect on aggregate demand of a simultaneous change in government expenditure and taxes that leaves the budget balance unchanged. The balanced budget multiplier is po ...
Monetary Policy Oversight in Comparative Perspective: Britain
... Federal Reserve chair, Ben Bernanke)? Should Greenspan have been required to make a case to a jury to raise or lower interest rates?” (Schudson 2006: 497). The key question—and one that is central to accountability—is how much discretion can be given to experts without compromising democracy? This i ...
... Federal Reserve chair, Ben Bernanke)? Should Greenspan have been required to make a case to a jury to raise or lower interest rates?” (Schudson 2006: 497). The key question—and one that is central to accountability—is how much discretion can be given to experts without compromising democracy? This i ...
Forms of Entry, Operation, Expansion, and Supervision of Foreign
... foreign and domestic banks. Consequently, foreign banks operating in the United States face greater regulatory scrutiny but also enjoy greater business opportunities than ever before. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, resulted in additional scrutiny of international banking transactions i ...
... foreign and domestic banks. Consequently, foreign banks operating in the United States face greater regulatory scrutiny but also enjoy greater business opportunities than ever before. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, resulted in additional scrutiny of international banking transactions i ...
The Benefits of Commitment to a Currency Peg
... suggests that, indeed, the credibility of the gold standard was much in doubt during the height of silver agitation, from the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 until the presidential election of 1896, and that the strong gyrations in bank leverage were intimately tied to changes in the credibilit ...
... suggests that, indeed, the credibility of the gold standard was much in doubt during the height of silver agitation, from the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 until the presidential election of 1896, and that the strong gyrations in bank leverage were intimately tied to changes in the credibilit ...
QE: the story so far
... QE as a monetary policy tool first emerged in Japan in 1999. Japanese Consumer Prices Index inflation, excluding energy, fell below zero in early 1999. In response, the Bank of Japan continued to cut its policy rate, but found it was approaching the lower bound for nominal interest rates. In the mi ...
... QE as a monetary policy tool first emerged in Japan in 1999. Japanese Consumer Prices Index inflation, excluding energy, fell below zero in early 1999. In response, the Bank of Japan continued to cut its policy rate, but found it was approaching the lower bound for nominal interest rates. In the mi ...
Monetary Policy Oversight in Comparative Perspective: Britain
... Federal Reserve chair, Ben Bernanke)? Should Greenspan have been required to make a case to a jury to raise or lower interest rates?” (Schudson 2006: 497). The key question—and one that is central to accountability—is how much discretion can be given to experts without compromising democracy? This i ...
... Federal Reserve chair, Ben Bernanke)? Should Greenspan have been required to make a case to a jury to raise or lower interest rates?” (Schudson 2006: 497). The key question—and one that is central to accountability—is how much discretion can be given to experts without compromising democracy? This i ...
Funding Constraints, Market Liquidity, and Financial Crises
... elimination of the SBUS as playing an important role in the financial crisis. The SBUS checked rapid expansion of the money supply by wildcat banks in the west by presenting notes for redemption (Highfield, O’Hara, and Smith, 1996; Knodell, 2006). Rousseau (2002) argues that a series of interbank t ...
... elimination of the SBUS as playing an important role in the financial crisis. The SBUS checked rapid expansion of the money supply by wildcat banks in the west by presenting notes for redemption (Highfield, O’Hara, and Smith, 1996; Knodell, 2006). Rousseau (2002) argues that a series of interbank t ...
Chapter 13 Current Liabilities and Contingencies
... When cash is received from a customer as a refundable deposit or as an advance payment for products or services, a liability is created to return the deposit or to supply the products or services. For instance, if a utility company collects a deposit when service is begun for a new customer, a liabi ...
... When cash is received from a customer as a refundable deposit or as an advance payment for products or services, a liability is created to return the deposit or to supply the products or services. For instance, if a utility company collects a deposit when service is begun for a new customer, a liabi ...
2012-2016 - Ghana - Country Strategy Paper
... export performance of cocoa and Gold. Growth is projected to slow down to 8.3% in 2012 on account of reduced world demand for commodities. On current trends, Ghana’s eligibility to graduate to blend or ADB-only country may need to be reviewed during the CSP period. ...
... export performance of cocoa and Gold. Growth is projected to slow down to 8.3% in 2012 on account of reduced world demand for commodities. On current trends, Ghana’s eligibility to graduate to blend or ADB-only country may need to be reviewed during the CSP period. ...
The impact of oil price on the stability of money demand in Saudi
... Over the last three decades, the stability of money demand function has acknowledged a special importance in the monetary analysis to formulate and implement an optimal monetary policy. Several reasons have underlined this standing for the empirical monetary analysis in many developed, emerging and ...
... Over the last three decades, the stability of money demand function has acknowledged a special importance in the monetary analysis to formulate and implement an optimal monetary policy. Several reasons have underlined this standing for the empirical monetary analysis in many developed, emerging and ...
Volume 69 No. 1, March 2006 Contents
... also best ensure that the financial system is efficient in its delivery of financial services, and allocating resources throughout the economy. In making assessments of financial stability, the Reserve Bank does not have a single, well-defined quantitative measure. Instead we draw on a variety of informa ...
... also best ensure that the financial system is efficient in its delivery of financial services, and allocating resources throughout the economy. In making assessments of financial stability, the Reserve Bank does not have a single, well-defined quantitative measure. Instead we draw on a variety of informa ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... devaluations. This is done by purchasing and selling the country’s own currency in order to affect its demand and supply; thus, helping to maintain a stable value in the international markets. This argument is valid mostly for developing economies, whose debt is mostly denominated in foreign currenc ...
... devaluations. This is done by purchasing and selling the country’s own currency in order to affect its demand and supply; thus, helping to maintain a stable value in the international markets. This argument is valid mostly for developing economies, whose debt is mostly denominated in foreign currenc ...
MONEY AS A LEGAL INSTITUTION1
... the ongoing efficacy of money, even money made of paper. For centuries, however, the practice of money has suggested another story. Money in the Western world is a legal institution, a means of packaging value that depends on a set of opportunities and obligations defined by the polity. That process ...
... the ongoing efficacy of money, even money made of paper. For centuries, however, the practice of money has suggested another story. Money in the Western world is a legal institution, a means of packaging value that depends on a set of opportunities and obligations defined by the polity. That process ...
Determinants of Banking System Fragility: a regional perspective
... focus on the behavior of the banking system as a whole because what may appear sound at the micro level may be quite fragile and flawed at the macro level (Hellwig (1994)). Acharya (2009) models systemic risk stemming from correlation of returns on assets held by banks. He argues that the limited l ...
... focus on the behavior of the banking system as a whole because what may appear sound at the micro level may be quite fragile and flawed at the macro level (Hellwig (1994)). Acharya (2009) models systemic risk stemming from correlation of returns on assets held by banks. He argues that the limited l ...
Principles of Economics, Case and Fair,9e
... The amount of money needed by firms and households to facilitate their day-to-day transactions also depends on the average dollar amount of each transaction. In turn, the average amount of each transaction depends on prices, or instead, on the price level. TABLE 11.1 Determinants of Money Demand 1. ...
... The amount of money needed by firms and households to facilitate their day-to-day transactions also depends on the average dollar amount of each transaction. In turn, the average amount of each transaction depends on prices, or instead, on the price level. TABLE 11.1 Determinants of Money Demand 1. ...
The characteristics of a monetary economy: a Keynes
... progress achieved by contemporary monetary theory, with respect to the version of the quantity theory of money proposed by Hume, is the ...
... progress achieved by contemporary monetary theory, with respect to the version of the quantity theory of money proposed by Hume, is the ...