1№S€EN1>IMÎ PATHWAYS FROM ТИК BRAIN STEM ТО ТИК
... (Robinson, '69; W. Cruce, '74) it appears likely that the fibre systems descending from the brain stem to the spinal cord in reptiles, are largely comparable to those of mammals. The descending fibre paths to the spinal cord in mammals have been grouped by Kuypers (Kuypers et al., '62; Kuypers, '64; ...
... (Robinson, '69; W. Cruce, '74) it appears likely that the fibre systems descending from the brain stem to the spinal cord in reptiles, are largely comparable to those of mammals. The descending fibre paths to the spinal cord in mammals have been grouped by Kuypers (Kuypers et al., '62; Kuypers, '64; ...
Interactions between amygdala central nucleus and the ventral
... acquisition and expression of these learned cue-directed responses depend on integrity of a system including the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Other investigators have suggested that cue-directed behaviors may als ...
... acquisition and expression of these learned cue-directed responses depend on integrity of a system including the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Other investigators have suggested that cue-directed behaviors may als ...
Csercsa Richárd
... In humans the two main types of sleep are Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and NonRapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. NREM can be further divided into three or four stages which go from light to deep sleep. During the night, these stages follow each other in a more or less determined manner, which can be descr ...
... In humans the two main types of sleep are Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and NonRapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. NREM can be further divided into three or four stages which go from light to deep sleep. During the night, these stages follow each other in a more or less determined manner, which can be descr ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... liberal recourse to clinical correlations that became the glue, or magic, if you will, that for four years held together a program that consistently merited rave reviews from collections of diverse and, we might add, intimidatingly discerning clinicians. All of us involved in the writing of this boo ...
... liberal recourse to clinical correlations that became the glue, or magic, if you will, that for four years held together a program that consistently merited rave reviews from collections of diverse and, we might add, intimidatingly discerning clinicians. All of us involved in the writing of this boo ...
Auditory cortical processing: Binaural interaction in healthy
... A great deal of current knowledge of the structure and function of the human auditory central nervous system is based on studies of small mammals and primates. However, human anatomy and physiology differ from animals, and humans use more complicated acoustic signals than animals, e.g. speech and mu ...
... A great deal of current knowledge of the structure and function of the human auditory central nervous system is based on studies of small mammals and primates. However, human anatomy and physiology differ from animals, and humans use more complicated acoustic signals than animals, e.g. speech and mu ...
Seven principles in the regulation of adult neurogenesis
... study of how a particular candidate gene might affect adult neurogenesis (Feng et al., 2001; Cao et al., 2004; Corsini et al., 2009; Gobeske et al., 2009; Lugert et al., 2010). Ultimately, research on adult neurogenesis is hardly ever about the baseline, which is more or less just the transposition ...
... study of how a particular candidate gene might affect adult neurogenesis (Feng et al., 2001; Cao et al., 2004; Corsini et al., 2009; Gobeske et al., 2009; Lugert et al., 2010). Ultimately, research on adult neurogenesis is hardly ever about the baseline, which is more or less just the transposition ...
Towards a Computational Model of Analogical Arguments
... attempt to reach Mars because many explorers died in the attempt to reach the New World. Such arguments would, of course, require much less computational baggage than most current models offer. ...
... attempt to reach Mars because many explorers died in the attempt to reach the New World. Such arguments would, of course, require much less computational baggage than most current models offer. ...
Interplay between Syntax and Semantics during Sentence
... on this topic are due to the fact that no clear distinction is made between cases where the syntactic constraints are, at least temporarily, indeterminate with respect to the structural assignment (syntactic ambiguity), and cases where these constraints are sufficient to determine the syntactic anal ...
... on this topic are due to the fact that no clear distinction is made between cases where the syntactic constraints are, at least temporarily, indeterminate with respect to the structural assignment (syntactic ambiguity), and cases where these constraints are sufficient to determine the syntactic anal ...
The amygdala: securing pleasure and avoiding pain
... the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of which it is an important structure. Here we discuss the interactions between different amygdala nuclei with cortical and striatal regions involved in motivation; interconnection ...
... the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of which it is an important structure. Here we discuss the interactions between different amygdala nuclei with cortical and striatal regions involved in motivation; interconnection ...
Eyeblink Conditioning During an Interstimulus Interval Switch in
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
glial versus neuronal uptake of glutamate
... Inactivation of amino acid neurotransmitters is generally held to be via high-affinity uptake into pre-synaptic neurones and glia, a model well established for monoaminergic systems. GABA, for instance, is taken up at high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been ...
... Inactivation of amino acid neurotransmitters is generally held to be via high-affinity uptake into pre-synaptic neurones and glia, a model well established for monoaminergic systems. GABA, for instance, is taken up at high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been ...
Tinnitus is Big Business
... “How could I possibly admit an infirmity in that one sense which ought to be more perfect in me than in others,” he wrote. In 1801 when he was 31, he described his tinnitus this way: “My ears whistle and buzz continuously day and night,” a condition he characterized as “truly frightful.” He referred ...
... “How could I possibly admit an infirmity in that one sense which ought to be more perfect in me than in others,” he wrote. In 1801 when he was 31, he described his tinnitus this way: “My ears whistle and buzz continuously day and night,” a condition he characterized as “truly frightful.” He referred ...
DEPARTAMENT DE FARMACOLOGIA, DE TERAPÈUTICA I DE TOXICOLOGIA
... 5. DISCUSSION ..............................................................................177 ...
... 5. DISCUSSION ..............................................................................177 ...
Review International Journal of Integrative Biology Reticular
... material, anatomists have been able to identify more than 40 nuclei, although their borders are often poorly defined. However, as in many other parts of the brain, modern tracer methods and transmitter-specific techniques have revealed the existence of chemically specific cell groups and anatomic sy ...
... material, anatomists have been able to identify more than 40 nuclei, although their borders are often poorly defined. However, as in many other parts of the brain, modern tracer methods and transmitter-specific techniques have revealed the existence of chemically specific cell groups and anatomic sy ...
Final Paper - The Oxbow School
... of the underdevelopment in the frontal lobe of the brain (the area that controls planning, organization and impulse control), a person with a learning disorder is required to further develop other parts to his or her brain in order to compensate, and an action that often allows certain neural connec ...
... of the underdevelopment in the frontal lobe of the brain (the area that controls planning, organization and impulse control), a person with a learning disorder is required to further develop other parts to his or her brain in order to compensate, and an action that often allows certain neural connec ...
K. Lutz, M. Widmer
... work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, acting as an unconditioned stimulus, leads to a phasic increase in dopaminergic activity in the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area. After classical conditioning of such a reward to a conditioned stimulus, the conditioned stimulus elicits a ...
... work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, acting as an unconditioned stimulus, leads to a phasic increase in dopaminergic activity in the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area. After classical conditioning of such a reward to a conditioned stimulus, the conditioned stimulus elicits a ...
Learned Helplessness at Fifty: Insights From Neuroscience
... Seligman began to study humans exclusively. The human work went in three directions. First, guided by the original theory, the learned helplessness procedures were replicated in apparently analogous human settings (e.g., Hiroto & Seligman, 1975). In the triadic design, for example, one group of coll ...
... Seligman began to study humans exclusively. The human work went in three directions. First, guided by the original theory, the learned helplessness procedures were replicated in apparently analogous human settings (e.g., Hiroto & Seligman, 1975). In the triadic design, for example, one group of coll ...
Measuring Cortical Thickness - McConnell Brain Imaging Centre
... angle along which to measure the thickness at any one point. That is a very difficult task, made even more difficult by the fact that MRI is discrete data rarely sampled higher than one millimetre. Moreover, it is also a very labour intensive operation, making this technique prohibitive for use in l ...
... angle along which to measure the thickness at any one point. That is a very difficult task, made even more difficult by the fact that MRI is discrete data rarely sampled higher than one millimetre. Moreover, it is also a very labour intensive operation, making this technique prohibitive for use in l ...
SLEEP
... Asleep – balance changes REM-off cells are aminergic – serotonin (raphe nuclei) and noradrenaline (LC) REM-on cells are cholinergic – ACh Shift from mainly external input to internal input in dreaming The ‘off-line’ brain is activated by ACh and dopamine – the ‘psychosis’ of dreams ...
... Asleep – balance changes REM-off cells are aminergic – serotonin (raphe nuclei) and noradrenaline (LC) REM-on cells are cholinergic – ACh Shift from mainly external input to internal input in dreaming The ‘off-line’ brain is activated by ACh and dopamine – the ‘psychosis’ of dreams ...
Signal processing methods in Sleep Research
... Why do we sleep? After all from an evolutionary point of view sleep seems like a bad idea, yet • Sleep is universal across species. • Sleep affects the vast majority of body functions including: immune function, hormonal regulation, metabolism, and thermoregulation. • Sleep’s core function appears t ...
... Why do we sleep? After all from an evolutionary point of view sleep seems like a bad idea, yet • Sleep is universal across species. • Sleep affects the vast majority of body functions including: immune function, hormonal regulation, metabolism, and thermoregulation. • Sleep’s core function appears t ...
to the Proceedings
... the second part focuses on the Drosophila adult mushroom bodies, in vivo calcium imaging and olfactory learning paradigms. For both approaches I draw on the intricate genetics available in Drosophila. ...
... the second part focuses on the Drosophila adult mushroom bodies, in vivo calcium imaging and olfactory learning paradigms. For both approaches I draw on the intricate genetics available in Drosophila. ...
Here follows a list of recently published papers
... Consolidation http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273%2814%2900443-7 … … human hippocampus episodic memory is supported by a sparse distributed neural code http://medx.cc/322819633 " high levels of cortisol can lead to memory lapses as we age http://bit.ly/1iamESM brain locks down episodic me ...
... Consolidation http://www.cell.com/neuron/abstract/S0896-6273%2814%2900443-7 … … human hippocampus episodic memory is supported by a sparse distributed neural code http://medx.cc/322819633 " high levels of cortisol can lead to memory lapses as we age http://bit.ly/1iamESM brain locks down episodic me ...
Neuromorphic computing
... Inside a single time step, each neuron is decoupled from the others, thus the simulation of a single time step is an embarrassingly parallel problem. In fact, NEST natively supports MPI and the parallelization of the loop. Moreover, MPI is supported on High Performance Computing platforms! ...
... Inside a single time step, each neuron is decoupled from the others, thus the simulation of a single time step is an embarrassingly parallel problem. In fact, NEST natively supports MPI and the parallelization of the loop. Moreover, MPI is supported on High Performance Computing platforms! ...
Dopamine neurons projecting to the posterior striatum form an
... resolution to distinguish every cell body throughout the brain (Figure 2C). This resulted in ~2Tb of image data from each brain, allowing us to image many brains, whereas imaging with even 2x higher magnification in each dimension would have led to prohibitively (based on our present processing capa ...
... resolution to distinguish every cell body throughout the brain (Figure 2C). This resulted in ~2Tb of image data from each brain, allowing us to image many brains, whereas imaging with even 2x higher magnification in each dimension would have led to prohibitively (based on our present processing capa ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.