A role for sleep in brain plasticity
... synchronized bursting in thalamocortical circuits, transient increases of intra-cellular calcium and, in some mammals, the release of somatotropins [13,55,56]. A role for non-REM sleep in developmental cortical plasticity is suggested by maturational changes in non-REM sleep that coincide with perio ...
... synchronized bursting in thalamocortical circuits, transient increases of intra-cellular calcium and, in some mammals, the release of somatotropins [13,55,56]. A role for non-REM sleep in developmental cortical plasticity is suggested by maturational changes in non-REM sleep that coincide with perio ...
Circadian clocks in crustaceans: identified neuronal and cellular systems
... recordings from isolated brain-eyestalk preparations have demonstrated circadian multiunit activities and visual evoked potential ...
... recordings from isolated brain-eyestalk preparations have demonstrated circadian multiunit activities and visual evoked potential ...
Mechanisms of Sleep Control - UCLA Integrative Center for
... reticular core, the maximal intensity of sleep, with its high-voltage EEG waves, was seen. Sensory inputs to the reticular core were thought to control its activity, thus providing an explanation for the arousing effects of sensory stimuli. However, this concept did not explain the fact that the com ...
... reticular core, the maximal intensity of sleep, with its high-voltage EEG waves, was seen. Sensory inputs to the reticular core were thought to control its activity, thus providing an explanation for the arousing effects of sensory stimuli. However, this concept did not explain the fact that the com ...
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View
... The function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is one of the major puzzles in cognitive and systems neuroscience. Papez (1937) classified the entire cingulum as part of the brain’s limbic system, thus linking the dACC with emotional processes. Early human lesion studies certainly suppor ...
... The function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is one of the major puzzles in cognitive and systems neuroscience. Papez (1937) classified the entire cingulum as part of the brain’s limbic system, thus linking the dACC with emotional processes. Early human lesion studies certainly suppor ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... amplitude of the threat response decreases. These findings suggest that conditioned UCR diminution is in part mediated by expectation of the UCS that is supported by regions of the PFC. In turn, these conditioned changes in the brain’s response to a threat appear to modify the peripheral emotional r ...
... amplitude of the threat response decreases. These findings suggest that conditioned UCR diminution is in part mediated by expectation of the UCS that is supported by regions of the PFC. In turn, these conditioned changes in the brain’s response to a threat appear to modify the peripheral emotional r ...
Extracellular Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA in the Hippocampus
... I would like to thank Dr. I. Cavus for her invaluable assistance in preparing this manuscript and mentorship. We would like to thank Drs. R. Duckrow, A. Williamson, and N. De Lanerolle for their suggestions and review of the manuscript. We are indebted to Dr. J. Dziura and H. Liu of the Yale Center ...
... I would like to thank Dr. I. Cavus for her invaluable assistance in preparing this manuscript and mentorship. We would like to thank Drs. R. Duckrow, A. Williamson, and N. De Lanerolle for their suggestions and review of the manuscript. We are indebted to Dr. J. Dziura and H. Liu of the Yale Center ...
FNIRS Measures of Prefrontal Cortex Lateralization During Stuttered
... dissertation process. I am especially thankful for my Advisor, Dr. Barry Guitar for his warm and caring approach as a mentor and guide through the world of stuttering and beyond. Barry’s wife, Carroll, A.K.A. Vermont mom, was also an essential grounding force in my life after moving back from Montre ...
... dissertation process. I am especially thankful for my Advisor, Dr. Barry Guitar for his warm and caring approach as a mentor and guide through the world of stuttering and beyond. Barry’s wife, Carroll, A.K.A. Vermont mom, was also an essential grounding force in my life after moving back from Montre ...
Neural representation of olfactory mixtures in the honeybee
... each bee as 100% and normalized all its responses accordingly. After averaging data over all 10 individuals, we represented the response of each glomerulus in typical activity maps (Fig. 3A and B), using a color code and a glomerular map layout similar to that introduced by Galizia et al. (1999a). R ...
... each bee as 100% and normalized all its responses accordingly. After averaging data over all 10 individuals, we represented the response of each glomerulus in typical activity maps (Fig. 3A and B), using a color code and a glomerular map layout similar to that introduced by Galizia et al. (1999a). R ...
... neuropsychological component of ADHD. Recently, timing processing deficits are being studied in ADHD, and, furthermore, such abnormalities have been related with impulsiveness, a core symptom of ADHD. In spite of the influence that motivational and timing processes might have on cognitive functionin ...
The Placebo Effect: A Psychosocial and Neurobiological Review
... al. (2003) have shown that verbal suggestion can antagonize conditioning procedures. Conditioning of analgesia in healthy volunteers experiencing experimental ischemia as well as conditioning of incre ...
... al. (2003) have shown that verbal suggestion can antagonize conditioning procedures. Conditioning of analgesia in healthy volunteers experiencing experimental ischemia as well as conditioning of incre ...
Effects of Fructose vs Glucose on Regional
... flow (CBF) after glucose or fructose ingestion. Secondary outcomes included wholebrain analyses to explore regional CBF changes, functional connectivity analysis to investigate correlations between the hypothalamus and other brain region responses, and hormone responses to fructose and glucose inges ...
... flow (CBF) after glucose or fructose ingestion. Secondary outcomes included wholebrain analyses to explore regional CBF changes, functional connectivity analysis to investigate correlations between the hypothalamus and other brain region responses, and hormone responses to fructose and glucose inges ...
Document
... Between endothelial cells of CNS capillaries Lipid-soluble compounds (O2, CO2), steroids, and prostaglandins diffuse into interstitial fluid of brain and spinal cord Astrocytes control blood–brain barrier by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium Copyright © 2009 Pearson ...
... Between endothelial cells of CNS capillaries Lipid-soluble compounds (O2, CO2), steroids, and prostaglandins diffuse into interstitial fluid of brain and spinal cord Astrocytes control blood–brain barrier by releasing chemicals that control permeability of endothelium Copyright © 2009 Pearson ...
The Brain and Cranial Nerves
... Ventricles of the Brain Third ventricle Ventricle of the diencephalon Lateral ventricles communicate with third ventricle: – via interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro) ...
... Ventricles of the Brain Third ventricle Ventricle of the diencephalon Lateral ventricles communicate with third ventricle: – via interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro) ...
A Systematic Nomenclature for the Insect Brain
... and a working group of neurobiologists studying the brains of diverse insects and other arthropods was formed. The group subsequently discussed possible suggestions via an email-based online forum and a number of face-to-face workshops. Preliminary versions of the proposed system were reported and d ...
... and a working group of neurobiologists studying the brains of diverse insects and other arthropods was formed. The group subsequently discussed possible suggestions via an email-based online forum and a number of face-to-face workshops. Preliminary versions of the proposed system were reported and d ...
Explaining The Efficiency Of Marte Meo From A Neurobiological
... But how can the efficiency of Marte Meo be explained from a neurobiological perspective? (1) ...
... But how can the efficiency of Marte Meo be explained from a neurobiological perspective? (1) ...
Regulation of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus by
... of the autonomic output. Sirtuins are NAD+ -dependent deacetylases and have been associated with longevity. SIRT1 is one of the best-characterized sirtuins expressed in mammals, and may be involved in the regulation of metabolism. Resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator reduced hyperglycemia likely through a ...
... of the autonomic output. Sirtuins are NAD+ -dependent deacetylases and have been associated with longevity. SIRT1 is one of the best-characterized sirtuins expressed in mammals, and may be involved in the regulation of metabolism. Resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator reduced hyperglycemia likely through a ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... designate a cortical border encircling the brainstem (limbus, Latin for ‘border’). Paul Broca (1878) held the view that ‘le grand lobe limbique’ was mainly an olfactory structure common to all mammalian brains, although he argued that its functions were not limited to olfaction. Limbic structures ar ...
... designate a cortical border encircling the brainstem (limbus, Latin for ‘border’). Paul Broca (1878) held the view that ‘le grand lobe limbique’ was mainly an olfactory structure common to all mammalian brains, although he argued that its functions were not limited to olfaction. Limbic structures ar ...
Reuss 9..48
... was studied, is presently unknown. In parentheses, it should be noted that a number of methodical parameters render it difficult to draw final conclusions on certain aspects of SCN morphology. For example, day-night differences in the expression of neuroactive substances may not or only inadequately ...
... was studied, is presently unknown. In parentheses, it should be noted that a number of methodical parameters render it difficult to draw final conclusions on certain aspects of SCN morphology. For example, day-night differences in the expression of neuroactive substances may not or only inadequately ...
1
... characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support fronto-striatal abnormalities and suggest an important role of the cerebellum. Ho ...
... characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Converging data from different studies point to ADHD abnormalities in fronto-striatal circuits. Structural neuroimaging studies partially support fronto-striatal abnormalities and suggest an important role of the cerebellum. Ho ...
Gould`s Chap. 14 CNS
... Right and left hemispheres similar in structure, not necessarily in function Dominant hemisphere Side of brain that controls language Left hemisphere in most people ...
... Right and left hemispheres similar in structure, not necessarily in function Dominant hemisphere Side of brain that controls language Left hemisphere in most people ...
indirect projections from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to major
... dorsal raphe nucleus (P 7.8, P 8.2 and P 8.8); pedunculopontine (P 7.64 and P 8.3) and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (P 8.8 and P 9.16); and locus coeruleus (dendritic region: P 9.16 and P 9.68; cell body region: P 9.68 and P 10.64). Note that the dendritic region of the locus coeruleus, which was d ...
... dorsal raphe nucleus (P 7.8, P 8.2 and P 8.8); pedunculopontine (P 7.64 and P 8.3) and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (P 8.8 and P 9.16); and locus coeruleus (dendritic region: P 9.16 and P 9.68; cell body region: P 9.68 and P 10.64). Note that the dendritic region of the locus coeruleus, which was d ...
Effect of PACAP in Central and Peripheral Nerve Injuries
... animals are injured from 2 m with a 450 g weight and the skull fracture is prevented by cementing a small stainless-steel disc on the calvaria modeling impact acceleration head injury. Using this model, our light microscopic examination showed that the vehicle- and drug-treated animals subjected to ...
... animals are injured from 2 m with a 450 g weight and the skull fracture is prevented by cementing a small stainless-steel disc on the calvaria modeling impact acceleration head injury. Using this model, our light microscopic examination showed that the vehicle- and drug-treated animals subjected to ...
Test Bank 1
... Correct: The myelin sheath is formed from glial cells, which help protect the axon and keep its structure in place. Answer: d Difficulty: 3 Page Reference: 43 Topic: Neurons: The Messengers Skill: C ...
... Correct: The myelin sheath is formed from glial cells, which help protect the axon and keep its structure in place. Answer: d Difficulty: 3 Page Reference: 43 Topic: Neurons: The Messengers Skill: C ...
Substance P and Cholecystokinin-like lmmunoreactive Varicosities
... the cornea1 surface of one eye of each animal, and the response recorded. Those animals that received vehicle treatments responded with a vigorous grooming behavior directed at the eye, while those that received capsaicin treatment generally did not exhibit this behavior. Five female animals that di ...
... the cornea1 surface of one eye of each animal, and the response recorded. Those animals that received vehicle treatments responded with a vigorous grooming behavior directed at the eye, while those that received capsaicin treatment generally did not exhibit this behavior. Five female animals that di ...
The subthalamic nucleus in the context of movement disorders
... IPSP = inhibitory post-synaptic potential; mGluR = multiple glutamate receptors; MPTP = 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6tetrahydropyridine; NMDA = N-methyl-D-aspartate; Pf = parafascicular; PPN = pedunculopontine nucleus; SNc = substantia nigra compacta; SNr = substantia nigra reticulata; STN = subthalamic ...
... IPSP = inhibitory post-synaptic potential; mGluR = multiple glutamate receptors; MPTP = 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6tetrahydropyridine; NMDA = N-methyl-D-aspartate; Pf = parafascicular; PPN = pedunculopontine nucleus; SNc = substantia nigra compacta; SNr = substantia nigra reticulata; STN = subthalamic ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.