Full Article - CIHR Research Group in Sensory
... trials for both monkeys and is consistent with a bottom-up (i.e. involuntary) bias. When the delay was increased to 650 ms, one monkey continued to show faster responses to the Invalid location whereas the other monkey showed faster responses to the Valid location, consistent with a top-down (i.e. v ...
... trials for both monkeys and is consistent with a bottom-up (i.e. involuntary) bias. When the delay was increased to 650 ms, one monkey continued to show faster responses to the Invalid location whereas the other monkey showed faster responses to the Valid location, consistent with a top-down (i.e. v ...
Pioneers of cortical plasticity: six classic papers by Wiesel and Hubel
... experiment where cortical neuron recordings were made contralateral to an eye that had only the thin nictitating membrane sewn across it for 5 months, LGN histology showed no pronounced atrophy in the deprived eye LGN layers. Nevertheless, the ocular dominance histogram showed pronounced non-deprive ...
... experiment where cortical neuron recordings were made contralateral to an eye that had only the thin nictitating membrane sewn across it for 5 months, LGN histology showed no pronounced atrophy in the deprived eye LGN layers. Nevertheless, the ocular dominance histogram showed pronounced non-deprive ...
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning
... flies failed to show habituation, and continued to respond as if there was nothing else but sucrose. Clearly, state-dependence of responsiveness had a qualitative, but not quantitative effect on how appetitive stimuli were processed for immediate responding as well as for memory-formation. Second, h ...
... flies failed to show habituation, and continued to respond as if there was nothing else but sucrose. Clearly, state-dependence of responsiveness had a qualitative, but not quantitative effect on how appetitive stimuli were processed for immediate responding as well as for memory-formation. Second, h ...
Cerebral Cortex July 2009;19:1539--1548 doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn191 Advance Access publication November 2, 2008
... use of these unfamiliar contextual cues was highly effective. On the basis of an informal posttest questionnaire, only 2 participants reported ever having been physically present within any one of these unfamiliar contexts. These 2 specific trials were excluded from analysis, ensuring that all unfami ...
... use of these unfamiliar contextual cues was highly effective. On the basis of an informal posttest questionnaire, only 2 participants reported ever having been physically present within any one of these unfamiliar contexts. These 2 specific trials were excluded from analysis, ensuring that all unfami ...
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
... This makes the brain more symmetrical because the right prefrontal lobe is generally larger than the left prefrontal lobe. This correlates with the symptoms of ADHD because the right prefrontal lobe is involved in attentional functioning. Landau, Auerbach, GrossTsur, and Shalev (2003) state that chi ...
... This makes the brain more symmetrical because the right prefrontal lobe is generally larger than the left prefrontal lobe. This correlates with the symptoms of ADHD because the right prefrontal lobe is involved in attentional functioning. Landau, Auerbach, GrossTsur, and Shalev (2003) state that chi ...
Fast and slow neurons in the nucleus of the
... Spatio-temporal contour plots for both the preferred and anti-preferred directions were obtained for all neurons. Because, for most neurons, large®eld motion in the preferred direction elicits excitation and motion in the anti-preferred direction inhibits the spontaneous activity, we refer to these ...
... Spatio-temporal contour plots for both the preferred and anti-preferred directions were obtained for all neurons. Because, for most neurons, large®eld motion in the preferred direction elicits excitation and motion in the anti-preferred direction inhibits the spontaneous activity, we refer to these ...
Learning Ash print purposes
... stimulus with repeated exposure to it. Associative learning: certain events occur together. Classical Conditioning: 2 stimuli together Operant Conditioning: Response and its consequence Observational learning ...
... stimulus with repeated exposure to it. Associative learning: certain events occur together. Classical Conditioning: 2 stimuli together Operant Conditioning: Response and its consequence Observational learning ...
1 Spiking Neurons
... These classical results show that the experimenter as an external observer can evaluate and classify neuronal firing by a spike count measure – but is this really the code used by neurons in the brain? In other words, is a neuron which receives signals from a sensory neuron only looking at and react ...
... These classical results show that the experimenter as an external observer can evaluate and classify neuronal firing by a spike count measure – but is this really the code used by neurons in the brain? In other words, is a neuron which receives signals from a sensory neuron only looking at and react ...
Temporal Plasticity Involved in Recovery from Manual Dexterity
... Lesion induction. An artificial lesion was induced in the hand digit area of M1 by using the same procedure as that used in our previous study (Murata et al., 2008). Topographic motor maps of M1 and PMv were constructed by using ICMS. Under sterile conditions and pentobarbital anesthesia (25 mg/kg), ...
... Lesion induction. An artificial lesion was induced in the hand digit area of M1 by using the same procedure as that used in our previous study (Murata et al., 2008). Topographic motor maps of M1 and PMv were constructed by using ICMS. Under sterile conditions and pentobarbital anesthesia (25 mg/kg), ...
Exposure to As-, Cd-, and Pb-Mixture Induces Ab, Amyloidogenic
... intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of recombinant Ab1-42 using stereotaxic technique. Briefly, rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine (60 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respectively). The rats were placed in the stereotaxic frames (Stoelting Co), skull expo ...
... intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of recombinant Ab1-42 using stereotaxic technique. Briefly, rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine (60 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respectively). The rats were placed in the stereotaxic frames (Stoelting Co), skull expo ...
Anatomical and Neurochemical Definition of the Nucleus of the Stria
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
Vita - FHSS Faculty Listing
... human behavior. The Psychological Record, 33, 551-564. (with Bennett, R. H. & Buskist, W. F.) (1984). Human performance on modified fixedinterval schedules. The Psychological Record, 34, 99-114. (with Faux, S. F.) (1984). Evolutionary speculations on the oligarchic development of Mormon polygyny. Et ...
... human behavior. The Psychological Record, 33, 551-564. (with Bennett, R. H. & Buskist, W. F.) (1984). Human performance on modified fixedinterval schedules. The Psychological Record, 34, 99-114. (with Faux, S. F.) (1984). Evolutionary speculations on the oligarchic development of Mormon polygyny. Et ...
Asymmetry of the Neuroendocrine System
... hemisphere. On the basis of this fundamental and subsequent observations, a classic theory of asymmetry was formulated comprising the existence of a single dominant (left) hemisphere and the presence of asymmetry exclusively in humans, in the cerebral cortex. The theory of asymmetry discouraged scie ...
... hemisphere. On the basis of this fundamental and subsequent observations, a classic theory of asymmetry was formulated comprising the existence of a single dominant (left) hemisphere and the presence of asymmetry exclusively in humans, in the cerebral cortex. The theory of asymmetry discouraged scie ...
Kobayashi S, Kawagoe R, Takikawa Y, Koizumi M, Sakagami M
... behaviors. Yet, these structures seem to have independent pathways to motor outputs as well, suggesting differential contributions to goal-directed behaviors. We hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex guides actions to a direction required by external demands and the basal ganglia guide actions to ...
... behaviors. Yet, these structures seem to have independent pathways to motor outputs as well, suggesting differential contributions to goal-directed behaviors. We hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex guides actions to a direction required by external demands and the basal ganglia guide actions to ...
Parallel basal ganglia circuits for voluntary and
... However, animals and humans with basal ganglia dysfunctions show deficits that may not simply be classified as movement disorders. For example, animals with large lesions in the striatum may ignore a moving object or obsessively follow it (Denny-Brown, 1962). Patients with Parkinson’s disease may have ...
... However, animals and humans with basal ganglia dysfunctions show deficits that may not simply be classified as movement disorders. For example, animals with large lesions in the striatum may ignore a moving object or obsessively follow it (Denny-Brown, 1962). Patients with Parkinson’s disease may have ...
The Influence of Positive Reinforcement on Employee Motivation at
... It is evident that managers need to motivate employees to obtain the desirable results for the organization. There is consensus about the facts that motivation is an individual phenomenon. It is described as being intentional and multifaceted and that the purpose of motivational theories is to predi ...
... It is evident that managers need to motivate employees to obtain the desirable results for the organization. There is consensus about the facts that motivation is an individual phenomenon. It is described as being intentional and multifaceted and that the purpose of motivational theories is to predi ...
Introduction to Psychology
... mental representation of the layout of one’s environment Example: after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it ...
... mental representation of the layout of one’s environment Example: after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it ...
Spontaneous activity in developing sensory circuits
... from adult: it arises not from the modulation of ongoing activity or brain states as in adults, but from alternating periods of complete network silence and activity. This temporal organization in preterms was named tracé discontinu, and is most prominent during the second half of gestation, particu ...
... from adult: it arises not from the modulation of ongoing activity or brain states as in adults, but from alternating periods of complete network silence and activity. This temporal organization in preterms was named tracé discontinu, and is most prominent during the second half of gestation, particu ...
Neurons and Neurotransmission with Nerve slides
... more likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential (impulse) •The second neuron is more likely to fire. ...
... more likely that the receiving neuron will generate an action potential (impulse) •The second neuron is more likely to fire. ...
Subconscious Stimulus Recognition and Processing During
... natural sleep and waking, recorded cortical unit responses to acoustic stimulation. Single units in both the primary and secondary auditory cortex decreased or increased their responses during sleep compared to wakefulness. Moreover, when the responses across neurons were averaged, sound-evoked acti ...
... natural sleep and waking, recorded cortical unit responses to acoustic stimulation. Single units in both the primary and secondary auditory cortex decreased or increased their responses during sleep compared to wakefulness. Moreover, when the responses across neurons were averaged, sound-evoked acti ...
EXERCISE TRAINING AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... baroreceptor unloading a greater remaining level of GABAergic inhibition of RVLM neurons could be responsible for blunted baroreflexmediated sympathoexcitation in trained animals. If so, we would predict that sympathoexcitatory responses to blockade of GABAA receptors in the RVLM of exercise-trained ...
... baroreceptor unloading a greater remaining level of GABAergic inhibition of RVLM neurons could be responsible for blunted baroreflexmediated sympathoexcitation in trained animals. If so, we would predict that sympathoexcitatory responses to blockade of GABAA receptors in the RVLM of exercise-trained ...
Frankland lecture FINAL
... contradict existing dogma? 2. Methods -- describe methods used to address the question (transgenic mouse, electrophysiology, behavioral testing) -- are these methods novel? would alternative methods have been better? 3. Results -- describe each figure, also show relevant supplemental material -- are ...
... contradict existing dogma? 2. Methods -- describe methods used to address the question (transgenic mouse, electrophysiology, behavioral testing) -- are these methods novel? would alternative methods have been better? 3. Results -- describe each figure, also show relevant supplemental material -- are ...
On the relevance of time in neural computation and learning
... KrLuger and Aiple [24]. Each =ring is denoted by a vertical bar, with a separate row for each neuron. For comparison we have shaded an interval of 150 ms. This time span is known to suMce for the completion of some complex multilayer cortical computations. ...
... KrLuger and Aiple [24]. Each =ring is denoted by a vertical bar, with a separate row for each neuron. For comparison we have shaded an interval of 150 ms. This time span is known to suMce for the completion of some complex multilayer cortical computations. ...