Classical Conditioning
... unconditioned response Pavlov had been studying the secretion of stomach also have food, which naturally (UCR) A response that is acids and salivation in dogs in response to the ingestion causes a dog to salivate when natural and needs no training (for of varying amounts and kinds of food. While doi ...
... unconditioned response Pavlov had been studying the secretion of stomach also have food, which naturally (UCR) A response that is acids and salivation in dogs in response to the ingestion causes a dog to salivate when natural and needs no training (for of varying amounts and kinds of food. While doi ...
Running Head: B.F. Skinner 1 B.F. Skinner B.F. Skinner: Noted
... they could not be studied objectively. Instead, they said, psychology should concern itself exclusively with behavior (Frye, 2014). In 1937, Skinner introduced the Operant Conditioning Theory. Operant conditioning is a method of learning that takes place through rewarding or punishing a certain beha ...
... they could not be studied objectively. Instead, they said, psychology should concern itself exclusively with behavior (Frye, 2014). In 1937, Skinner introduced the Operant Conditioning Theory. Operant conditioning is a method of learning that takes place through rewarding or punishing a certain beha ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... reward and positive affect. Stimulus–response learning seems to account for three of the five behaviours that argue against a role for the amygdala in reward processing. What might underlie the intact food preferences and object preferences of animals that have no amygdala? One possibility is that s ...
... reward and positive affect. Stimulus–response learning seems to account for three of the five behaviours that argue against a role for the amygdala in reward processing. What might underlie the intact food preferences and object preferences of animals that have no amygdala? One possibility is that s ...
the amygdala and reward
... reward and positive affect. Stimulus–response learning seems to account for three of the five behaviours that argue against a role for the amygdala in reward processing. What might underlie the intact food preferences and object preferences of animals that have no amygdala? One possibility is that s ...
... reward and positive affect. Stimulus–response learning seems to account for three of the five behaviours that argue against a role for the amygdala in reward processing. What might underlie the intact food preferences and object preferences of animals that have no amygdala? One possibility is that s ...
Chapter 4 The role of the sensory
... might be served by distributed interactive neuronal systems, organized in functional networks, rather than in local and autonomous modules (Uttal, 2003). Beside a certain degree of specialization, several brain areas are physically characterized by functional connections with many other parts of the ...
... might be served by distributed interactive neuronal systems, organized in functional networks, rather than in local and autonomous modules (Uttal, 2003). Beside a certain degree of specialization, several brain areas are physically characterized by functional connections with many other parts of the ...
An Action Selection Calculus
... and Actions (responses), behaviors that may be expressed by the animal or animat. There are many possible combinations of Signs and Actions. The three selected here each encapsulate an anticipatory or predictive role, one implicitly, and two making and using explicit predictions. This paper also ide ...
... and Actions (responses), behaviors that may be expressed by the animal or animat. There are many possible combinations of Signs and Actions. The three selected here each encapsulate an anticipatory or predictive role, one implicitly, and two making and using explicit predictions. This paper also ide ...
Diencephalon: Thalamus
... Dorsomedial (DM): Emotional response, memory Anterior nucleus (A): memory and behavioral functions Intralaminar nuclei (CM, PF): Arousal, awareness & emotional responses Subthalamus: control skeletal muscle movements and muscle tone ...
... Dorsomedial (DM): Emotional response, memory Anterior nucleus (A): memory and behavioral functions Intralaminar nuclei (CM, PF): Arousal, awareness & emotional responses Subthalamus: control skeletal muscle movements and muscle tone ...
Nat Methods 6:219-224 - University of British Columbia
... Fig. 3 online). In a mouse on which we performed both ICMS and LBM (Fig. 4), the positions and sizes of motor maps were generally in agreement. In this combined ICMS and LBM experiment we performed 26 penetrations to map the motor cortex, completing the ICMS map in approximately 1 h. In the same amo ...
... Fig. 3 online). In a mouse on which we performed both ICMS and LBM (Fig. 4), the positions and sizes of motor maps were generally in agreement. In this combined ICMS and LBM experiment we performed 26 penetrations to map the motor cortex, completing the ICMS map in approximately 1 h. In the same amo ...
Chapter 49 - Nervous Systems
... ! In the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex, neurons are arranged according to the part of the body that generates input or receives commands ...
... ! In the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex, neurons are arranged according to the part of the body that generates input or receives commands ...
INVOLVEMENT OF THE PARTIAL REINFORCEMENT
... developed a strong schml of ethology, conducting research on the adaptive behavior of various species from infusoria to amphibians. The Institute appreciated the importance of neurophysiological ~esearchfor ...
... developed a strong schml of ethology, conducting research on the adaptive behavior of various species from infusoria to amphibians. The Institute appreciated the importance of neurophysiological ~esearchfor ...
Prologue to Chapter 5: Basic Principles of Learning
... Tolman concluded that rats had a “cognitive map” of where the food was and that it was “over there” (not just a series of right-left responses) ...
... Tolman concluded that rats had a “cognitive map” of where the food was and that it was “over there” (not just a series of right-left responses) ...
Pdf - Text of NPTEL IIT Video Lectures
... So, the marketers, basically, go in for a variation, you know, and they, to bring about, they try to bring about variation in the advertisement, either in the message content or in the context or you know, in the music being used, jingle being used, the celebrity being used or the any one. So, in or ...
... So, the marketers, basically, go in for a variation, you know, and they, to bring about, they try to bring about variation in the advertisement, either in the message content or in the context or you know, in the music being used, jingle being used, the celebrity being used or the any one. So, in or ...
Unit 6- Learning
... right path, a reward is given. If it makes a turn towards the wrong path, NO reward is given. ...
... right path, a reward is given. If it makes a turn towards the wrong path, NO reward is given. ...
Elapsed Decision Time Affects the Weighting of Prior
... monkeys), two bright red choice targets appeared at an equal distance from the fixation point and 180° apart. After a variable delay, the random-dot motion stimulus appeared in an aperture 5–10° in diameter that was either centered at the fixation point or located up to 10° eccentric, along a direct ...
... monkeys), two bright red choice targets appeared at an equal distance from the fixation point and 180° apart. After a variable delay, the random-dot motion stimulus appeared in an aperture 5–10° in diameter that was either centered at the fixation point or located up to 10° eccentric, along a direct ...
Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working
... pars reticulata (SNr) and then on to the thalamus, finally projecting back up in the frontal cortex (Alexander et al., 1986). The GPi and SNr circuits are functionally analogous (although they have different subcortical targets), so we consider them as one functional entity. Both the frontal cortex ...
... pars reticulata (SNr) and then on to the thalamus, finally projecting back up in the frontal cortex (Alexander et al., 1986). The GPi and SNr circuits are functionally analogous (although they have different subcortical targets), so we consider them as one functional entity. Both the frontal cortex ...
Biomechanical and neurophysiological mechanisms related to
... tension variation, but only a combination of afferent inputs can provide the necessary information to control body equilibrium (Dietz, 1996). The role of proprioceptive information from ankle muscles has been highlighted in various studies (Fitzpatrick et al., 1994; Fitzpatrick et al., 1992a; Gatev ...
... tension variation, but only a combination of afferent inputs can provide the necessary information to control body equilibrium (Dietz, 1996). The role of proprioceptive information from ankle muscles has been highlighted in various studies (Fitzpatrick et al., 1994; Fitzpatrick et al., 1992a; Gatev ...
The Integrated Nature of Motor Cortical Function
... (1999) further corroborate Jackson’s idea. Neural activity of motor cortex neurons was recorded during individuated finger movements made by monkeys; wrist muscle activity is inherent to this task. Most neurons were active during many or all of the movements performed. A cluster analysis of motor co ...
... (1999) further corroborate Jackson’s idea. Neural activity of motor cortex neurons was recorded during individuated finger movements made by monkeys; wrist muscle activity is inherent to this task. Most neurons were active during many or all of the movements performed. A cluster analysis of motor co ...
An ontology-based search engine for digital
... Hierarchies were assembled leveraging as much as possible machine-readable knowledge from existing resources. Since the goal was to map string-based annotation of properties of NeuroMorpho.Org reconstructions, we simplified the source hierarchies by pruning off all the descendant branches and sub-tr ...
... Hierarchies were assembled leveraging as much as possible machine-readable knowledge from existing resources. Since the goal was to map string-based annotation of properties of NeuroMorpho.Org reconstructions, we simplified the source hierarchies by pruning off all the descendant branches and sub-tr ...
Region-specific alterations of A-to-I RNA editing of
... medians. The calculation of the relative 5-HT2CR isoform proportion takes into account all possible deviations between two sets of experimental conditions and is defined through the following formula: Δ Deviation5 - HT2C ¼ % Editing valuecondition2 - % Editing valuecondition1 The following two criter ...
... medians. The calculation of the relative 5-HT2CR isoform proportion takes into account all possible deviations between two sets of experimental conditions and is defined through the following formula: Δ Deviation5 - HT2C ¼ % Editing valuecondition2 - % Editing valuecondition1 The following two criter ...
Categorical perception of somesthetic stimuli: psychophysical
... the evoked activity of the somatosensory (SI) cortex, and the neural signals associated with the animal’s decision. We have recorded the responses of neurons of SI cortex with receptive fields on the finger tips during the categorization of the stimulus speeds (Romo et al., 1996). The results indica ...
... the evoked activity of the somatosensory (SI) cortex, and the neural signals associated with the animal’s decision. We have recorded the responses of neurons of SI cortex with receptive fields on the finger tips during the categorization of the stimulus speeds (Romo et al., 1996). The results indica ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... were reduced for 10--20 s. This phenomenon has been observed in pyramidal cells of the PFC (Trettel and Levine 2003; Fortin et al. 2004; Bodor et al. 2005) and hippocampus (Pitler and Alger 1992) as well as the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum (Llano et al. 1991; Brenowitz and Regehr 2003). DSI has ...
... were reduced for 10--20 s. This phenomenon has been observed in pyramidal cells of the PFC (Trettel and Levine 2003; Fortin et al. 2004; Bodor et al. 2005) and hippocampus (Pitler and Alger 1992) as well as the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum (Llano et al. 1991; Brenowitz and Regehr 2003). DSI has ...
Prefrontal cortex damage abolishes brand-cued
... ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC), an area important for emotion, did not demonstrate the normal preference bias when exposed to brand information. Both comparison groups (neurologically normal adults and lesion patients with intact VMPC) preferred Pepsi in a blind taste test, but in subsequent ...
... ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC), an area important for emotion, did not demonstrate the normal preference bias when exposed to brand information. Both comparison groups (neurologically normal adults and lesion patients with intact VMPC) preferred Pepsi in a blind taste test, but in subsequent ...