L-Dopa and Brain Serotonin System Dysfunction
... while the dorsal-medial DRN sends axons to limbic areas such as the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and medial-prefrontal cortex [38]. However, as previously mentioned, all 5-HT neurons are similar in that they possess the ability to uptake L-dopa [39], decarboxylate it to dopamine [40], and package th ...
... while the dorsal-medial DRN sends axons to limbic areas such as the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and medial-prefrontal cortex [38]. However, as previously mentioned, all 5-HT neurons are similar in that they possess the ability to uptake L-dopa [39], decarboxylate it to dopamine [40], and package th ...
Role of the Human Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Control of
... vertical plane traversing the anterior commissure. 5. The above pattern of r CBF changes was observed only if there was concomitant activation within the lateral prefrontal cortex (except for the posterior group of foci obtained in the manual tasks). 6. The localization of output-specific rCBF chang ...
... vertical plane traversing the anterior commissure. 5. The above pattern of r CBF changes was observed only if there was concomitant activation within the lateral prefrontal cortex (except for the posterior group of foci obtained in the manual tasks). 6. The localization of output-specific rCBF chang ...
Neurosteroids: Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes and
... (Mensah-Nyagan et al., 1994). In situ hybridization studies have revealed that the mRNAs encoding for 3bHSD in the rat brain are localized in the olfactive bulb, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, area of medulla bordering the fourth ventricle as well as in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum (D ...
... (Mensah-Nyagan et al., 1994). In situ hybridization studies have revealed that the mRNAs encoding for 3bHSD in the rat brain are localized in the olfactive bulb, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, area of medulla bordering the fourth ventricle as well as in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum (D ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
... Hebb’s CA hypothesis (Hebb, 1949) states that a CA is a collection of neurons that is the brain’s mechanism for representing a concept. This hypothesis ties neuro-biology to psychology in that the collection of neurons is a neuro-biological entity, and the concept that they support is a psychologica ...
Brain Stem Catecholamine Mechanisms in Tonic and
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
The representation of Kanizsa illusory contours in the monkey
... Stimulus reduction is an effective way to study visual performance. Cues such as surface characteristics, colour and inner lines can be removed from stimuli, revealing how the change affects recognition and neural processing. An extreme reduction is the removal of the very stimulus, defining it with ...
... Stimulus reduction is an effective way to study visual performance. Cues such as surface characteristics, colour and inner lines can be removed from stimuli, revealing how the change affects recognition and neural processing. An extreme reduction is the removal of the very stimulus, defining it with ...
Activity in the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Reflects Multiple Steps of
... period. We found that 236 out of the 267 neurons were related to the cursor motion, whereas 31 neurons were related to arm movements. We also found that a group of PFC neurons responded to the goal display (n = 61). Others were active after reaching the final goal (n = 81) or after the reward delive ...
... period. We found that 236 out of the 267 neurons were related to the cursor motion, whereas 31 neurons were related to arm movements. We also found that a group of PFC neurons responded to the goal display (n = 61). Others were active after reaching the final goal (n = 81) or after the reward delive ...
A Curious Commentary on a Book on Mirror Neurons and Other
... actions were slowed following vPMC stimulation. This suggests a link between handaction motor codes and eye movements, which makes sense given the need to coordinate these two actions during self-generated actions. What the study does not show, however, is that these effects contribute to understand ...
... actions were slowed following vPMC stimulation. This suggests a link between handaction motor codes and eye movements, which makes sense given the need to coordinate these two actions during self-generated actions. What the study does not show, however, is that these effects contribute to understand ...
Choice behavior of bees in two
... Conflicting views exist regarding the proximate molecular mechanism that leads to incomplete exclusiveness by foraging bees. According to one view, foraging preferences are formed through associative learning that reflects the bees’ long-term foraging experience. Food sources are chosen in proportio ...
... Conflicting views exist regarding the proximate molecular mechanism that leads to incomplete exclusiveness by foraging bees. According to one view, foraging preferences are formed through associative learning that reflects the bees’ long-term foraging experience. Food sources are chosen in proportio ...
Models of bodily expression perception
... Depending on whether the stimulus is consciously seen and recognized, some of these processes may be associated with a conscious emotional experience. These are some of the main components of the ability to perceive bodily expressions. Based on results obtained so far, we have viewed them as the cor ...
... Depending on whether the stimulus is consciously seen and recognized, some of these processes may be associated with a conscious emotional experience. These are some of the main components of the ability to perceive bodily expressions. Based on results obtained so far, we have viewed them as the cor ...
Behavior
... A). Neutral Stimulus B). Unconditioned Stimulus C). Conditioned Stimulus D). Unconditioned Response ESSPED 5742 ...
... A). Neutral Stimulus B). Unconditioned Stimulus C). Conditioned Stimulus D). Unconditioned Response ESSPED 5742 ...
No Binocular Rivalry in the LGN of Alert Macaque Monkeys
... rather than peristimulus time histograms. This was because the timing of binocular rivalry effects within each trial was expected to be random with respect to stimulus onset time. Therefore, pooling data from multiple trials in a PSTH would tend to obscure rivalry effects rather than enhance them. S ...
... rather than peristimulus time histograms. This was because the timing of binocular rivalry effects within each trial was expected to be random with respect to stimulus onset time. Therefore, pooling data from multiple trials in a PSTH would tend to obscure rivalry effects rather than enhance them. S ...
Control of Appetite and Food Preference by NMDA Receptor and Its
... melanocortin system is capable of regulating mesocorticolimbic activity and food seeking behavior [29]. In summary, internal metabolic and physiological signals can affect both aspects of appetite, and the homeostatic system do communicate with the reward system to control the feeding behavior. Obes ...
... melanocortin system is capable of regulating mesocorticolimbic activity and food seeking behavior [29]. In summary, internal metabolic and physiological signals can affect both aspects of appetite, and the homeostatic system do communicate with the reward system to control the feeding behavior. Obes ...
Amygdala-Prefrontal Synchronization Underlies Resistance to
... two-way ANOVA). In both the amygdala and the dACC, responsive cells were homogeneously distributed within our recording borders (Figure S2C, p > 0.2 for all, bootstrap analysis), suggesting that they represent an activity pattern common in wide parts of these two structures. In addition, there was n ...
... two-way ANOVA). In both the amygdala and the dACC, responsive cells were homogeneously distributed within our recording borders (Figure S2C, p > 0.2 for all, bootstrap analysis), suggesting that they represent an activity pattern common in wide parts of these two structures. In addition, there was n ...
Food Addiction - College of Literature, Science, and the Arts
... addiction. Finally, contrary to drugs of abuse whose addictive effects are thought to primarily depend on their ability to hijack or usurp the reward circuits of the brain (i.e., through direct pharmacological action without soliciting normal sensory pathways), food influences this neurocircuitry th ...
... addiction. Finally, contrary to drugs of abuse whose addictive effects are thought to primarily depend on their ability to hijack or usurp the reward circuits of the brain (i.e., through direct pharmacological action without soliciting normal sensory pathways), food influences this neurocircuitry th ...
Responses of the human motor system to observing actions across
... goal of actions regardless of the effector used to complete the action, similar modulations in activity should be elicited during observation of actions with the same goal across species, even when the action is performed by a non-human-like effector, such as an elephant’s trunk. It is also possible ...
... goal of actions regardless of the effector used to complete the action, similar modulations in activity should be elicited during observation of actions with the same goal across species, even when the action is performed by a non-human-like effector, such as an elephant’s trunk. It is also possible ...
Drug addiction
... in glutamatergic interconnections between the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex and amygdala contribute also to the neural changes (Nestler, 2001; Vanderschuren and Kalivas, 2000). A second view prioritizes reward related learnings, the development of strong stimulus-respo ...
... in glutamatergic interconnections between the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex and amygdala contribute also to the neural changes (Nestler, 2001; Vanderschuren and Kalivas, 2000). A second view prioritizes reward related learnings, the development of strong stimulus-respo ...
Mapping Pavlovian Conditioning Effects on the Brain: Blocking
... three types of theories emphasize either CS, US or CR behavioral mechanisms, their implications can be considered in light of functional neural data. For example, differences in neural modification of CS pathways by excitor and blocked CSs would provide support for CS inattention interpretations of ...
... three types of theories emphasize either CS, US or CR behavioral mechanisms, their implications can be considered in light of functional neural data. For example, differences in neural modification of CS pathways by excitor and blocked CSs would provide support for CS inattention interpretations of ...
MSc Thesis Template Document
... Figure 40 Synapse or Syndesis or Synapsis .................................................................................. 37 Figure 41 The Synaptic Gap at a Synapse .................................................................................... 38 Figure 42 Neurons: Synapses in the Neural Ne ...
... Figure 40 Synapse or Syndesis or Synapsis .................................................................................. 37 Figure 41 The Synaptic Gap at a Synapse .................................................................................... 38 Figure 42 Neurons: Synapses in the Neural Ne ...
1 - Projeto Andar de Novo
... hypothalamic molecules related to energy metabolism. We previously observed a delay in nitric oxide expression in hypothalamus. In this work we analyzed the effects of a hipoproteic diet applied to lactating rats during the first ten days of life in hypothalamic glycogen stores. Animals from P10 to ...
... hypothalamic molecules related to energy metabolism. We previously observed a delay in nitric oxide expression in hypothalamus. In this work we analyzed the effects of a hipoproteic diet applied to lactating rats during the first ten days of life in hypothalamic glycogen stores. Animals from P10 to ...
Ch. 6 Learning King 3rd Edition Updated 3-15
... associate a response and its consequence If we put a coin in and get our candy bar, we are more likely to use that candy machine again! Rewarded for our behavior, increases it. ...
... associate a response and its consequence If we put a coin in and get our candy bar, we are more likely to use that candy machine again! Rewarded for our behavior, increases it. ...
Neurotransmitter and Neuromodulator Activity in
... sharp electrodes to record from the rNST neurons, but even with the very stable recording conditions provided by a brain slice it proved difficult to obtain and hold neurons (Bradley and Sweazey, 1990). These problems were overcome by using the whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique t ...
... sharp electrodes to record from the rNST neurons, but even with the very stable recording conditions provided by a brain slice it proved difficult to obtain and hold neurons (Bradley and Sweazey, 1990). These problems were overcome by using the whole cell configuration of the patch clamp technique t ...
Mirror neurons in humans: Consisting or confounding
... (iii) a passive condition, in which participants observed a person sitting on a chair; (iv) a verb condition, in which participants were requested to generate silently verbs which were related to visually presented nouns; and (v) a move condition, in which participants grasped a cup. Although both e ...
... (iii) a passive condition, in which participants observed a person sitting on a chair; (iv) a verb condition, in which participants were requested to generate silently verbs which were related to visually presented nouns; and (v) a move condition, in which participants grasped a cup. Although both e ...
