1 Removing the Constraints on Our Choices: A Psychobiological
... in charge of balancing the amount of incoming sensory stimuli. For example, sensation seekers will be attracted to crowded places while sensation avoiders will be repelled by them. Although the behavioral outcome is very different, in both cases a regulatory attempt is taking place leading to an inc ...
... in charge of balancing the amount of incoming sensory stimuli. For example, sensation seekers will be attracted to crowded places while sensation avoiders will be repelled by them. Although the behavioral outcome is very different, in both cases a regulatory attempt is taking place leading to an inc ...
Measuring Cortical Thickness - McConnell Brain Imaging Centre
... this approach finds the shortest line from the cortical surface to the grey and white matter boundary - though the direction which that line could take may be constrained. The use of this straight-line method was initially implemented in the study of post-mortem specimen, where the investigator woul ...
... this approach finds the shortest line from the cortical surface to the grey and white matter boundary - though the direction which that line could take may be constrained. The use of this straight-line method was initially implemented in the study of post-mortem specimen, where the investigator woul ...
Somatosensory System Organization and Texture Sensation in Rats
... clusters resembled wine casks, calling out for the name barrels (Figure 21.6B). The insight of Woolsey and van der Loos was that the spatial arrangement of the barrels replicates exactly the spatial arrangement of the whiskers on the snout. The authors concluded that the barrel field is a map of the ...
... clusters resembled wine casks, calling out for the name barrels (Figure 21.6B). The insight of Woolsey and van der Loos was that the spatial arrangement of the barrels replicates exactly the spatial arrangement of the whiskers on the snout. The authors concluded that the barrel field is a map of the ...
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Mediodorsal Thalamic
... nucleus of the amygdala in which sensory information from various sources converge. Furthermore, most differential neurons that were tested responded during the delay period in a reward task in which a delay was imposed between the conditioned stimulus and reward delivery. The present results, along ...
... nucleus of the amygdala in which sensory information from various sources converge. Furthermore, most differential neurons that were tested responded during the delay period in a reward task in which a delay was imposed between the conditioned stimulus and reward delivery. The present results, along ...
The habenular nuclei - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... the midbrain/hindbrain. In this review, we will focus on the anatomy and connectivity of the habenulae and the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). The latter is a major target of habenular efferent connectivity in all vertebrates and consequently plays a pivotal role in the modulation of nuclei downstrea ...
... the midbrain/hindbrain. In this review, we will focus on the anatomy and connectivity of the habenulae and the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). The latter is a major target of habenular efferent connectivity in all vertebrates and consequently plays a pivotal role in the modulation of nuclei downstrea ...
On Your Mark - Flyball Home Page
... was given. Handlers often end up reinforcing or correcting the wrong behavior. Only reinforcement paired with the desired behavior can effectively shape that behavior. The same is true of corrections. Only corrections paired with the undesirable/unacceptable behavior can effectively shape that behav ...
... was given. Handlers often end up reinforcing or correcting the wrong behavior. Only reinforcement paired with the desired behavior can effectively shape that behavior. The same is true of corrections. Only corrections paired with the undesirable/unacceptable behavior can effectively shape that behav ...
Cortical Parcellations of the Macaque Monkey
... accurate, consensus cortical parcellation is lacking for most of macaque cortex. A primary reason is that differences between neighboring areas are often subtle when assessed by any of the available methods. Moreover, many individual areas show internal heterogeneity in architecture, connectivity, a ...
... accurate, consensus cortical parcellation is lacking for most of macaque cortex. A primary reason is that differences between neighboring areas are often subtle when assessed by any of the available methods. Moreover, many individual areas show internal heterogeneity in architecture, connectivity, a ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Corticosteroid–serotonin interactions in the
... These receptors are abundantly expressed in the limbic brain areas where they mediate distinct and complementary actions. They have identical structure both in the periphery and in the brain (Patel et al., 1989). The MR is a high-affinity receptor which binds corticosterone at low concentration (Kd ...
... These receptors are abundantly expressed in the limbic brain areas where they mediate distinct and complementary actions. They have identical structure both in the periphery and in the brain (Patel et al., 1989). The MR is a high-affinity receptor which binds corticosterone at low concentration (Kd ...
Language repetition and short-term memory: an integrative
... (Hickok and Poeppel, 2007; Friederici, 2012), suggesting that the ventral pathway is also related to maintenance aspects during language reproduction, and this more specifically for semantic information [R. (Martin et al., 1994b, 1999); however, see Barde et al. (2010) for further involvement of the ...
... (Hickok and Poeppel, 2007; Friederici, 2012), suggesting that the ventral pathway is also related to maintenance aspects during language reproduction, and this more specifically for semantic information [R. (Martin et al., 1994b, 1999); however, see Barde et al. (2010) for further involvement of the ...
Dynamics of Learning and Recall ... Recurrent Synapses and Cholinergic Modulation
... interneurons and H’ represents the matrix of inhibitory synapses between inhibitory neurons. The architecture of the full network is shown in Figure 1A. For mathematical analysis, the network was reduced to two neurons, one excitatory and one inhibitory, as shown in Figure lB, allowing solution of t ...
... interneurons and H’ represents the matrix of inhibitory synapses between inhibitory neurons. The architecture of the full network is shown in Figure 1A. For mathematical analysis, the network was reduced to two neurons, one excitatory and one inhibitory, as shown in Figure lB, allowing solution of t ...
“Congruent” and “Opposite” Neurons: Sisters for Multisensory
... However, multisensory integration is only half of the story of multisensory information processing, which works well when the sensory cues are originated from the same object. In cases where the sensory cues originate from different objects, the brain should segregate, rather than integrate, the cue ...
... However, multisensory integration is only half of the story of multisensory information processing, which works well when the sensory cues are originated from the same object. In cases where the sensory cues originate from different objects, the brain should segregate, rather than integrate, the cue ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular physical properties of a signal and then experimentally determine if the animals themsel ...
... understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular physical properties of a signal and then experimentally determine if the animals themsel ...
Visual behaviour mediated by retinal projections directed to the
... activities among unrelated group members. Naturwissenschaften 85, 445±449 (1998). 22. Crawley, M. J. GLIM for Ecologists (Blackwell, Oxford, 1993). ...
... activities among unrelated group members. Naturwissenschaften 85, 445±449 (1998). 22. Crawley, M. J. GLIM for Ecologists (Blackwell, Oxford, 1993). ...
Multisensory Integration of Dynamic Faces and Voices
... wire with impedances between 1 and 3 M⍀ (measured at 1 kHz). The stainless-steel chamber was used as the reference. Signals were amplified, filtered (1–5000 Hz), and acquired at a 20.2 kHz sampling rate. Electrodes were lowered until multiunit cortical responses could be driven by auditory stimuli. ...
... wire with impedances between 1 and 3 M⍀ (measured at 1 kHz). The stainless-steel chamber was used as the reference. Signals were amplified, filtered (1–5000 Hz), and acquired at a 20.2 kHz sampling rate. Electrodes were lowered until multiunit cortical responses could be driven by auditory stimuli. ...
Responses of single neurons in the human brain during flash
... of neurons, it is difficult to draw any conclusion about possible distinctions across regions (the number of neurons that followed the percept ranged from 2 to 18). The remaining one third of the selective units did not show a statistically significant response during the flash period regardless of ...
... of neurons, it is difficult to draw any conclusion about possible distinctions across regions (the number of neurons that followed the percept ranged from 2 to 18). The remaining one third of the selective units did not show a statistically significant response during the flash period regardless of ...
Oriented Axon Projections in Primary Visual Cortex of the Monkey
... the micropipette with a freshly made, saturated solution of biocytin (ⱖ4%; Sigma, St. L ouis, MO) in sterile saline. We took a photograph of the cortical surface for later reference and chose injection sites in areas free of blood vessels and spaced ⬎3 mm apart. Just before introducing the pipette, ...
... the micropipette with a freshly made, saturated solution of biocytin (ⱖ4%; Sigma, St. L ouis, MO) in sterile saline. We took a photograph of the cortical surface for later reference and chose injection sites in areas free of blood vessels and spaced ⬎3 mm apart. Just before introducing the pipette, ...
During Arm-Reaching and Isometric-Force Tasks
... the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the directionality of arm movement– dependent and load-dependent respo ...
... the activity of many M1 neurons was modulated both by the direction in which the arm was pulled by the external forces and by the direction of movement and the static posture of the arm during unloaded arm movements. Furthermore, the directionality of arm movement– dependent and load-dependent respo ...
PDE5 Exists in Human Neurons and is a Viable Therapeutic Target
... Prior efforts to detect PDE5 in human brain tissue have found that PDE5 mRNA levels are either very low [13–15] or undetectable [16]. However, a careful analysis of the above human studies reveals that some may not have detected PDE5 mRNA for methodologic reasons. For example, in the study that did ...
... Prior efforts to detect PDE5 in human brain tissue have found that PDE5 mRNA levels are either very low [13–15] or undetectable [16]. However, a careful analysis of the above human studies reveals that some may not have detected PDE5 mRNA for methodologic reasons. For example, in the study that did ...
Impaired Cl Extrusion in Layer V Pyramidal Neurons of Chronically
... by the Stanford Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Fortyfour Sprague-Dawley rats aged P36-46 (P0 ⫽ date of birth) were used for in vitro recordings. Partially isolated islands of sensory-motor cortex (“undercuts”) were produced in 26 anesthetized rats at P21, using previously described tec ...
... by the Stanford Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Fortyfour Sprague-Dawley rats aged P36-46 (P0 ⫽ date of birth) were used for in vitro recordings. Partially isolated islands of sensory-motor cortex (“undercuts”) were produced in 26 anesthetized rats at P21, using previously described tec ...
fMRI sample and movement - Open Research Exeter
... remission which was defined as the absence of any significant symptom for two weeks or longer. Full remission was defined as the absence of any clinically significant depressive symptoms (i.e., a score of three on any KSADS-PL MDD item was exclusionary, whereas a two - indicative of a subthreshold s ...
... remission which was defined as the absence of any significant symptom for two weeks or longer. Full remission was defined as the absence of any clinically significant depressive symptoms (i.e., a score of three on any KSADS-PL MDD item was exclusionary, whereas a two - indicative of a subthreshold s ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... the recording sites could be localized within the boundaries of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Autoradiography. Following removal, brain tissue was rapidly frozen in isopentane (2-methylbutane) at -25°C. Series of lo- to 15-pm-thick sections were cut, mounted on chromalun gelatin-coated slides, ...
... the recording sites could be localized within the boundaries of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Autoradiography. Following removal, brain tissue was rapidly frozen in isopentane (2-methylbutane) at -25°C. Series of lo- to 15-pm-thick sections were cut, mounted on chromalun gelatin-coated slides, ...
Learning Psychology
... Conditioned Stimulus: A once-neutral event that elicits a response after a period of training in which it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus. Ex: The bell normally does not mean anything to the dog. Now, the dog has ...
... Conditioned Stimulus: A once-neutral event that elicits a response after a period of training in which it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus. Ex: The bell normally does not mean anything to the dog. Now, the dog has ...
LEARNING THROUGH CONDITIONING
... In classical conditioning language, the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this study was the (.distinctive chamber/home cage/female quail). The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was the (distinctive chamber/ home cage/female quail). The unconditioned response (UCR) would be arousal to the female quail; the co ...
... In classical conditioning language, the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this study was the (.distinctive chamber/home cage/female quail). The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) was the (distinctive chamber/ home cage/female quail). The unconditioned response (UCR) would be arousal to the female quail; the co ...
PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...