Questions and Answers From Episode 27
... Answer: The olfactory consists of sensory receptors that are located in the nasal mucosa that are bathed in nasal mucus. The mucus protects the receptors and also contains growth factors that help to maintain the function of the receptors. In order for an odorant to be smelled, the receptor must be ...
... Answer: The olfactory consists of sensory receptors that are located in the nasal mucosa that are bathed in nasal mucus. The mucus protects the receptors and also contains growth factors that help to maintain the function of the receptors. In order for an odorant to be smelled, the receptor must be ...
Dopamine Neurons Mediate a Fast Excitatory Signal
... in Fig. 1 B), DA release decreased from ⬃1 M at site 4 to 30 nM at site 1, which was 2.5 ⫾ 0.3% of the release in the nAcc (at site 4); sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically i ...
... in Fig. 1 B), DA release decreased from ⬃1 M at site 4 to 30 nM at site 1, which was 2.5 ⫾ 0.3% of the release in the nAcc (at site 4); sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically i ...
Causes of unity and disunity in Psychology and Behaviorism
... influenced by other behaviorisms very widely but Skinner never referred to that. Most of the followers in the different schools don’t read each other; although the leaders must, when they find something of value and use it they translate it into the theory language of their school as though it is in ...
... influenced by other behaviorisms very widely but Skinner never referred to that. Most of the followers in the different schools don’t read each other; although the leaders must, when they find something of value and use it they translate it into the theory language of their school as though it is in ...
Reward Systems in the Brain and Nutrition
... reward value of taste, that is, the appetite for a food, in that their firing is not decreased to zero by feeding the taste to satiety (143, 187). In macaques, neural processing peripheral to the primary taste cortex is consistent with this finding: Taste responses in the rostral part of the nucleus ...
... reward value of taste, that is, the appetite for a food, in that their firing is not decreased to zero by feeding the taste to satiety (143, 187). In macaques, neural processing peripheral to the primary taste cortex is consistent with this finding: Taste responses in the rostral part of the nucleus ...
The Distribution of Immunoreactivity for
... are stimulated by estrogens but inhibited by androgens. Although mechanisms are uncertain, one factor that could help define the spheres of influence and/or divisions of labor seen in hormone stimulation of the cerebral cortex could be the specific cortical distributions that intracellular, i.e. nuc ...
... are stimulated by estrogens but inhibited by androgens. Although mechanisms are uncertain, one factor that could help define the spheres of influence and/or divisions of labor seen in hormone stimulation of the cerebral cortex could be the specific cortical distributions that intracellular, i.e. nuc ...
Stahl_3rd_ch19_Part2..
... and methyprylon. Experts often include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and Z drug hypnotics in this class as well. The mechanism of action of sedative hypnotics is basically the same as that of those described in Chapter 14 and illustrated in Figures 14-20 and 14-22 for the action ofbenzodiazepines: namel ...
... and methyprylon. Experts often include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and Z drug hypnotics in this class as well. The mechanism of action of sedative hypnotics is basically the same as that of those described in Chapter 14 and illustrated in Figures 14-20 and 14-22 for the action ofbenzodiazepines: namel ...
Case study research methods for theory building
... covering ten to 20 research constructs. The request usually made is that the questionnaire should be completed by one person per firm ± without attempting to match and compare this person's answers to questions with another person involved in the particular decisions under study. The reported respon ...
... covering ten to 20 research constructs. The request usually made is that the questionnaire should be completed by one person per firm ± without attempting to match and compare this person's answers to questions with another person involved in the particular decisions under study. The reported respon ...
The effect of lithium on the adrenoceptor
... platelets of depressed patients13 has been reported with longterm treatment with antidepressants, thus suggesting that α2AR antagonists are good antidepressant agents. Long-term treatment with antidepressants has been found to reduce αadrenergic sensitivity, while enhancing responses to serotonergic ...
... platelets of depressed patients13 has been reported with longterm treatment with antidepressants, thus suggesting that α2AR antagonists are good antidepressant agents. Long-term treatment with antidepressants has been found to reduce αadrenergic sensitivity, while enhancing responses to serotonergic ...
Categories in the Brain - Rice University -
... • We have to examine how our information about categories is represented in the brain • The brain is where our linguistic and cultural knowledge is represented • This recommendation is in line with a suggestion first made to linguists by Norman Geschwind in 1964 – Geschwind: a great neurologist – Sa ...
... • We have to examine how our information about categories is represented in the brain • The brain is where our linguistic and cultural knowledge is represented • This recommendation is in line with a suggestion first made to linguists by Norman Geschwind in 1964 – Geschwind: a great neurologist – Sa ...
Huffman PowerPoint Slides
... • Behavior therapy uses learning methods to change abnormal behavior, thoughts and feelings – Behavior therapists use classical and operant conditioning techniques as well as modeling – Counterconditioning: learning a new response • Systematic desensitization: relaxation is paired with a stimulus th ...
... • Behavior therapy uses learning methods to change abnormal behavior, thoughts and feelings – Behavior therapists use classical and operant conditioning techniques as well as modeling – Counterconditioning: learning a new response • Systematic desensitization: relaxation is paired with a stimulus th ...
ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Dopaminergic Neurons
... neuronal KATP channels could act as energy control elements, adapting electrical activity and in turn neuronal ATP consumption to the delicate metabolic state of neurons. KATP channel-mediated membrane hyperpolarization will reduce neuronal activity and neurotransmitter release and thus could counte ...
... neuronal KATP channels could act as energy control elements, adapting electrical activity and in turn neuronal ATP consumption to the delicate metabolic state of neurons. KATP channel-mediated membrane hyperpolarization will reduce neuronal activity and neurotransmitter release and thus could counte ...
Gender Differences in Human Brain: A Review
... white matter areas were also found, suggesting that microstructural white matter organization in these regions may have a sexual dimorphism [12]. Hypothalamus Hypothalamus, where most of the basic functions of life are controlled, including hormonal activity via the pituitary gland also shows gender ...
... white matter areas were also found, suggesting that microstructural white matter organization in these regions may have a sexual dimorphism [12]. Hypothalamus Hypothalamus, where most of the basic functions of life are controlled, including hormonal activity via the pituitary gland also shows gender ...
pdf 2.5M
... general knowledge of properties of nonlinear oscillators, as well as of generic networks. In the references above, rather abstract models such as GinzburgLandau and Rossler oscillators are meant to capture the essential oscillatory features of neurons. Particularly in [6,7,9], a full network setting ...
... general knowledge of properties of nonlinear oscillators, as well as of generic networks. In the references above, rather abstract models such as GinzburgLandau and Rossler oscillators are meant to capture the essential oscillatory features of neurons. Particularly in [6,7,9], a full network setting ...
Primary Motor Cortex
... • Factors that affect transfer from STM to LTM • Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused • Rehearsal—repetition and practice • Association—tying new information with old memories • Automatic memory—subconscious information stored in LTM ...
... • Factors that affect transfer from STM to LTM • Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused • Rehearsal—repetition and practice • Association—tying new information with old memories • Automatic memory—subconscious information stored in LTM ...
Primary Motor Cortex
... • Factors that affect transfer from STM to LTM • Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused • Rehearsal—repetition and practice • Association—tying new information with old memories • Automatic memory—subconscious information stored in LTM ...
... • Factors that affect transfer from STM to LTM • Emotional state—best if alert, motivated, surprised, and aroused • Rehearsal—repetition and practice • Association—tying new information with old memories • Automatic memory—subconscious information stored in LTM ...
PowerPoint Slide Set Westen Psychology 2e
... Information from the one visual field is usually transmitted to the opposite visual cortex The corpus callosum serves to integrate the two hemispheres Cutting the corpus callosum can result in information reaching only one hemisphere Language is a left-hemisphere function Information reaching th ...
... Information from the one visual field is usually transmitted to the opposite visual cortex The corpus callosum serves to integrate the two hemispheres Cutting the corpus callosum can result in information reaching only one hemisphere Language is a left-hemisphere function Information reaching th ...
Student Cortical Organization
... Clinical Uses of the EEG • The value of the EEG in localizing a subdural hematoma or a cerebral tumor has been superseded by modern neuroimaging techniques ( CT , MRI , etc ) . • These lesions may be irritative to cortical tissue & can be epileptogenic ( can cause unprovoked seizures ). • Epileptog ...
... Clinical Uses of the EEG • The value of the EEG in localizing a subdural hematoma or a cerebral tumor has been superseded by modern neuroimaging techniques ( CT , MRI , etc ) . • These lesions may be irritative to cortical tissue & can be epileptogenic ( can cause unprovoked seizures ). • Epileptog ...
download file
... it was clear in the group data. The median (10^90 percentile) signal to noise ratio within 0.25 mm of the A1 midline running anterior to posterior was 18 (8^59), compared to 12 (5^42) for sites greater than 0.25 mm from the midline. No consistent mapping of response latency, stimulus threshold, or f ...
... it was clear in the group data. The median (10^90 percentile) signal to noise ratio within 0.25 mm of the A1 midline running anterior to posterior was 18 (8^59), compared to 12 (5^42) for sites greater than 0.25 mm from the midline. No consistent mapping of response latency, stimulus threshold, or f ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation
... other. Therefore, enhancement of neuronal activity related to brain functions could be realized more reliably by operant conditioning of such ensemble activity of neuronal populations typically reflected by synchronized firing of multiple neurons. Engelhard et al. (2013) has recently reported that p ...
... other. Therefore, enhancement of neuronal activity related to brain functions could be realized more reliably by operant conditioning of such ensemble activity of neuronal populations typically reflected by synchronized firing of multiple neurons. Engelhard et al. (2013) has recently reported that p ...
Review Reward, Motivation, and Reinforcement Learning
... In the standard mapping of the actor-critic to conditioning, the critic, as a predictor of future reward and punishment, is thought to be a model for Pavlovian conditioning. However, real Pavlovian conditioning concerns more than just predictions, extending to the behavioral consequences of the pred ...
... In the standard mapping of the actor-critic to conditioning, the critic, as a predictor of future reward and punishment, is thought to be a model for Pavlovian conditioning. However, real Pavlovian conditioning concerns more than just predictions, extending to the behavioral consequences of the pred ...
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10:1
... experimentally. One approach is to rapidly change the location of a visual target just after movement begins (Georgopoulos, Kalaska, Caminiti, & Massey, 1983b; Georgopoulos, Kalaska, & Massey, 1981). This leads to a continuous change in the direction of hand movement from pointing toward the ªrst ta ...
... experimentally. One approach is to rapidly change the location of a visual target just after movement begins (Georgopoulos, Kalaska, Caminiti, & Massey, 1983b; Georgopoulos, Kalaska, & Massey, 1981). This leads to a continuous change in the direction of hand movement from pointing toward the ªrst ta ...
Neural Substrates Related to Motor Memory with Multiple
... temporoparietal junction; TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation; TR, repetition time. ...
... temporoparietal junction; TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation; TR, repetition time. ...