Midbrain fMRI: Applications, Limitations and Challenges
... lamina IV, where this lamina receives serotonergic innervation (Foote and Morrison 1987). Also, there is a notable absence of projections to the basal ganglia (apart from the core of the NAcc; Berridge and Waterhouse 2003). For some noradrener gic neurons, axon collaterals coinnervat ...
... lamina IV, where this lamina receives serotonergic innervation (Foote and Morrison 1987). Also, there is a notable absence of projections to the basal ganglia (apart from the core of the NAcc; Berridge and Waterhouse 2003). For some noradrener gic neurons, axon collaterals coinnervat ...
A neural basis for a false memory
... seconds of 0.700 6 AC 6 0.975. Prior studies had found that animals were exploring, grooming, or in paradoxical sleep, etc. when the AC was <0.700 and in slow wave sleep when AC was >0.975 (e.g., Weinberger et al., 2006) (Fig. 2A–C). This state control was employed to avoid giving stimuli when very ...
... seconds of 0.700 6 AC 6 0.975. Prior studies had found that animals were exploring, grooming, or in paradoxical sleep, etc. when the AC was <0.700 and in slow wave sleep when AC was >0.975 (e.g., Weinberger et al., 2006) (Fig. 2A–C). This state control was employed to avoid giving stimuli when very ...
Zebrafish and motor control over the last decade
... escape. As one might expect, descending hindbrain neurons do apparently contribute to behaviors other than escape. A carefully performed single cell laser ablation study revealed that a pair of neurons in the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus with dendrites in the optic tectum and projec ...
... escape. As one might expect, descending hindbrain neurons do apparently contribute to behaviors other than escape. A carefully performed single cell laser ablation study revealed that a pair of neurons in the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus with dendrites in the optic tectum and projec ...
final scientific program
... Welcome to AREADNE 2014, the fifth AREADNE Conference on Research in Encoding and Decoding of Neural Ensembles. One of the fundamental problems in neuroscience today is to understand how the activation of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including le ...
... Welcome to AREADNE 2014, the fifth AREADNE Conference on Research in Encoding and Decoding of Neural Ensembles. One of the fundamental problems in neuroscience today is to understand how the activation of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including le ...
The Basal Ganglia - The Brain from Top to Bottom
... It receives inputs from the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus. It projects to the VL/VA and DM nuclei of the thalamus. In fact, it is a more important route for information from the caudate nucleus to reach the thalamus than is the globus pallidus. Also, there are projections from the substantia ...
... It receives inputs from the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus. It projects to the VL/VA and DM nuclei of the thalamus. In fact, it is a more important route for information from the caudate nucleus to reach the thalamus than is the globus pallidus. Also, there are projections from the substantia ...
Negative learning bias is associated with risk aversion in
... These two observations might be causally related since there was a positive relationship between forced-choice accuracy and negative learning bias. Accordingly, since errors also involve unexpected decreases (omission) of reward, cLH rats may be more sensitive to errors and learn more from them. We ...
... These two observations might be causally related since there was a positive relationship between forced-choice accuracy and negative learning bias. Accordingly, since errors also involve unexpected decreases (omission) of reward, cLH rats may be more sensitive to errors and learn more from them. We ...
Ethan Frome
... reinforcement theory and the content and process theories of motivation. The first theory covered is reinforcement theory. The authors talk about classical and operant conditioning, and then moves on to discuss the different reinforcement strategies, including positive reinforcement, scheduling of p ...
... reinforcement theory and the content and process theories of motivation. The first theory covered is reinforcement theory. The authors talk about classical and operant conditioning, and then moves on to discuss the different reinforcement strategies, including positive reinforcement, scheduling of p ...
Classical Conditioning
... withdrawal rights and became visibly distressed during the aversion therapy. He is forced to be good, he does not become better behaved because of any conscious decision on his part to reform. ...
... withdrawal rights and became visibly distressed during the aversion therapy. He is forced to be good, he does not become better behaved because of any conscious decision on his part to reform. ...
neural representation and the cortical code
... This statistical structure allows the distinction to be made between neuronal signals that have a functional role in representation and those that do not, even in some cases where perturbations of the system are not feasible. In the example presented in Figure 1, the signals of neurons B1 and B2 are ...
... This statistical structure allows the distinction to be made between neuronal signals that have a functional role in representation and those that do not, even in some cases where perturbations of the system are not feasible. In the example presented in Figure 1, the signals of neurons B1 and B2 are ...
The Features and Functions of Neuronal Assemblies: Possible
... provide the all-important link enabling bottom-up cellular events to be realized as top-down functions. Yet little is known about how such translation is possible. A first step will be to understand the mechanisms responsible for the generation and propagation of assemblies themselves; which drive t ...
... provide the all-important link enabling bottom-up cellular events to be realized as top-down functions. Yet little is known about how such translation is possible. A first step will be to understand the mechanisms responsible for the generation and propagation of assemblies themselves; which drive t ...
Branched thalamic afferents - the Sherman Lab
... 0165-0173/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
... 0165-0173/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
Slide 1
... attention in our experiments is not likely to be based on local competitive interactions ...
... attention in our experiments is not likely to be based on local competitive interactions ...
www.goertzel.org/dynapsyc/2007/mirrorself.pdf
... neuron systems is still only partially understood, so that the tie-in between mirror neurons and psychological structures posited here must be viewed as subject to revision based on further refinement of our understanding in the biology of mirror neurons. Ultimately, the core ideas of this paper wou ...
... neuron systems is still only partially understood, so that the tie-in between mirror neurons and psychological structures posited here must be viewed as subject to revision based on further refinement of our understanding in the biology of mirror neurons. Ultimately, the core ideas of this paper wou ...
the mirror-neuron system - Psychology and Neuroscience
... Prompted by these considerations, two series of experiments were carried out. The first tested whether F5 mirror neurons are able to recognize actions from their sound (Kohler et al. 2002), the second whether the mental representation of an action triggers their activity (Umiltà et al. 2001). Kohle ...
... Prompted by these considerations, two series of experiments were carried out. The first tested whether F5 mirror neurons are able to recognize actions from their sound (Kohler et al. 2002), the second whether the mental representation of an action triggers their activity (Umiltà et al. 2001). Kohle ...
Chapter 5 Learning to attend in primary visual cortex
... knowledge, it has not yet been investigated if and how neuronal responses in the visual cortex change as a result of learning within a single recording session. During a single learning session, neurons in frontal cortex change their responses (Chen and Wise 1996; Asaad et al 1998; Yotsumoto et al 2 ...
... knowledge, it has not yet been investigated if and how neuronal responses in the visual cortex change as a result of learning within a single recording session. During a single learning session, neurons in frontal cortex change their responses (Chen and Wise 1996; Asaad et al 1998; Yotsumoto et al 2 ...
Functional Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex
... classified as a ‘small cluster’. We saw no evidence for differences in the response properties or the cortical distribution of data from such clusters compared with those from single units and have not differentiated between them. The term ‘unit’ is therefore used to refer either to a single unit or ...
... classified as a ‘small cluster’. We saw no evidence for differences in the response properties or the cortical distribution of data from such clusters compared with those from single units and have not differentiated between them. The term ‘unit’ is therefore used to refer either to a single unit or ...
the mirror-neuron system - UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience
... Prompted by these considerations, two series of experiments were carried out. The first tested whether F5 mirror neurons are able to recognize actions from their sound (Kohler et al. 2002), the second whether the mental representation of an action triggers their activity (Umiltà et al. 2001). Kohle ...
... Prompted by these considerations, two series of experiments were carried out. The first tested whether F5 mirror neurons are able to recognize actions from their sound (Kohler et al. 2002), the second whether the mental representation of an action triggers their activity (Umiltà et al. 2001). Kohle ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... n onvisual areas of cortex,7,12,13 or by injections of retrogradely transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as cort ...
... n onvisual areas of cortex,7,12,13 or by injections of retrogradely transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as cort ...
Ventromedial frontal cortex mediates affective shifting in
... establishes the dissociability of reversal learning as a unique, frontally-mediated form of learning in humans. It does not, however, tell us what systems of prefrontal cortex participate in this process nor con®rm the dorsal± ventral dissociation evident in animal work. Two functional imaging studi ...
... establishes the dissociability of reversal learning as a unique, frontally-mediated form of learning in humans. It does not, however, tell us what systems of prefrontal cortex participate in this process nor con®rm the dorsal± ventral dissociation evident in animal work. Two functional imaging studi ...
Model of Cortical-Basal Ganglionic Processing: Encoding the Serial
... recurrent corticostriatal projections and collateral inhibition between striatal spiny units. The model’s architecture positions spiny units for the classification of cortical contexts and events and provides bistable cortical-thalamic loops for sustaining a representation of these contextual events ...
... recurrent corticostriatal projections and collateral inhibition between striatal spiny units. The model’s architecture positions spiny units for the classification of cortical contexts and events and provides bistable cortical-thalamic loops for sustaining a representation of these contextual events ...
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
... resulting output from these systems ultimately controls behavior, directly or indirectly. Under certain circumstances some part or parts of a neural system may be changed by the information being processed, and this change will alter the processing of similar information on future occasions, resulti ...
... resulting output from these systems ultimately controls behavior, directly or indirectly. Under certain circumstances some part or parts of a neural system may be changed by the information being processed, and this change will alter the processing of similar information on future occasions, resulti ...